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Chemical carcinogenesis. --- Chemical induction of cancer --- Chemical induction of neoplasms --- Chemical induction of tumors --- Chemical tumorigenesis --- Chemically induced cancer --- Chemically induced neoplasm --- Chemically induced neoplasms --- Chemically induced tumor --- Chemically induced tumors --- Carcinogenesis

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Protein phosphorylation reactions are carried out in a cell by protein kinases, which predominantly use ATP as a phosphate donor that is transferred and covalently bound to an amino acid on a substrate protein. Protein phosphorylation was discovered in 1954 by Edmond Fischer who shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 1992 with Edwin Krebs. There are so many kinases that one was called ""Just Another Kinase"" for JAK kinase. Their counterpart is protein phosphatases that remove phosphates from phosphorylated proteins. Kinases and phosphatases act as switches in the cell that activates or inactivates protein functions. These reactions are reversible; the cell can quickly react to a situation but can then go back to its initial state.

Chemical carcinogenesis. --- Chemical induction of cancer --- Chemical induction of neoplasms --- Chemical induction of tumors --- Chemical tumorigenesis --- Chemically induced cancer --- Chemically induced neoplasm --- Chemically induced neoplasms --- Chemically induced tumor --- Chemically induced tumors --- Carcinogenesis --- Life Sciences --- Genetics and Molecular Biology --- Chemical Biology --- Biochemistry --- Bioorganic Chemistry

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This monograph provides a contemporary account of advances in chemical carcinogenesis. It promotes the view that it is alteration of the DNA by endogenous and exogenous carcinogens that ultimately leads to sporadic mutations which are a root cause of many human cancers. It deals with the metabolic activation of common classes of chemical carcinogens (tobacco carcinogens, heterocyclic amines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and their detoxication. It describes the DNA-adducts that ensue and their repair mechanisms. It covers advances in structural-biology that provide a glimpse of both the DNA-repair process and the by-pass of DNA-lesions and how this informs the mutational code.  It also deals with the concepts of chemoprevention and biomarkers for biomonitoring human exposure. Many contemporary texts on the biology of cancer now focus almost exclusively on the molecular and cell biology of the disease and do not cover the initiating (DNA damaging events) of chemical carcinogenesis in depth. It is with this perceived gap-in knowledge that world experts in their particular fields have contributed to this monograph. This monograph will be an important reference re-source for students in training, postdoctoral scientists, and senior scientists knowledgeable in the field.

Chemical carcinogenesis. --- HEALTH & FITNESS / Diseases / Cancer. --- MEDICAL / Oncology. --- Chemical carcinogenesis --- Genetic Processes --- Noxae --- Drug Therapy --- Toxic Actions --- Genetic Phenomena --- Therapeutics --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Phenomena and Processes --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Carcinogens --- DNA Damage --- Chemoprevention --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Chemical induction of cancer --- Chemical induction of neoplasms --- Chemical induction of tumors --- Chemical tumorigenesis --- Chemically induced cancer --- Chemically induced neoplasm --- Chemically induced neoplasms --- Chemically induced tumor --- Chemically induced tumors --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Pharmacology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Carcinogenesis --- Oncology. --- Toxicology. --- Chemicals --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Tumors --- Toxicology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Cancer research --- Physiological effect