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Welded joints --- Welded steel structures. --- Fatigue. --- Cracking. --- Building, Welded steel --- Construction, Welded steel --- Structures, Welded steel --- Building, Iron and steel --- Steel, Structural --- Cracking of welded joints --- Fracture mechanics --- Welding
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This is the third in a series of compendiums devoted to the subject of weld hot cracking. It contains 22 papers presented at the 3rd International Hot Cracking Workshop in Columbus, Ohio USA in March 2010. In the context of this workshop, the term “hot cracking” refers to elevated temperature cracking associated with either the weld metal or heat-affected zone. These hot cracking phenomena include weld solidification cracking, HAZ and weld metal liquation cracking, and ductility-dip cracking. The book is divided into three major sections based on material type; specifically aluminum alloys, steels, and nickel-base alloys. Each of these sections begins with a keynote paper from prominent researchers in the field: Dr. Sindo Kou from the University of Wisconsin, Dr. Thomas Böllinghaus from BAM and the University of Magdeburg, and Dr. John DuPont from Lehigh University. The papers contained within include the latest insight into the mechanisms associated with hot cracking in these materials and methods to prevent cracking through material selection, process modification, or other means. The three Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds compendiums combined contain a total of 64 papers and represent the best collection of papers on the topic of hot cracking ever assembled.
Materials. --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials Science --- Welded joints --- Cracking. --- Testing. --- Welding --- Cracking of welded joints --- Testing --- Materials science. --- Continuum mechanics. --- Metals. --- Materials Science. --- Metallic Materials. --- Continuum Mechanics and Mechanics of Materials. --- Fracture mechanics --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy
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This book elucidates the correlation of fatigue crack growth data to multiscale cracking, particularly to the understanding of micrographs influenced by mechanical disturbance and thermodynamic variables. Attention is given to the interpretation of test data by fatigue crack growth rate using two empirical parameters in consistence with the fracture control methodology currently used by industry. Micrograph and crack growth rate data are presented for a host of metals used by the aerospace and nuclear industry. Furthermore, these data can be shown to lie on a straight line for the two parameter model that traditionally refers to regions I, II, and III. Results for small and large cracks can thus be connected to provide fatigue life prediction with data from the microscopic scale level such that the interactive effects of loading, geometry and material by mechanical tests are accounted for.
Metals --- Welded joints --- Fracture mechanics. --- Fatigue. --- Cracking. --- Fracture. --- Failure of solids --- Fracture of materials --- Fracture of solids --- Materials --- Mechanics, Fracture --- Solids --- Deformations (Mechanics) --- Strength of materials --- Brittleness --- Penetration mechanics --- Structural failures --- Failure of metals --- Fracture of metals --- Cracking of welded joints --- Fracture mechanics --- Fatigue of metals --- Metal fatigue --- Fracture --- Fatigue --- Failure --- Testing --- Materials. --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Materials Science, general. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials science. --- Material science --- Physical sciences
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Although the avoidance of hot cracking still represents a major topic in modern fabrication welding components, the phenomena have not yet been fully understood. Through the 20 individual contributions from experts all over the world the present state of knowledge about hot cracking during welding is defined, and the subject is approached from four different viewpoints. The first chapter provides an overview of the various hot cracking phenomena. Different mechanisms of solidification cracking proposed in the past decades are summarized and new insight is particularly given into the mechanism of ductility dip cracking. The effects of different alloying elements on the hot cracking resistance of various materials are shown in the second chapter and, as a special metallurgical effect, the initiation of stress corrosion cracking at hot cracks has been highlighted. The third chapter outlines how numerical analyses and other modelling techniques can be utilized to describe hot cracking phenomena and how such results might contribute to the explanation of the mechanisms. Various hot cracking test procedures are presented in the final chapter with a special emphasis on standardization. For the engineering and natural scientists in research and development the book provides both, new insight and a comprehensive overview of hot cracking phenomena in welds. The contributions additionally give numerous individual solutions and helpful advice for international welding engineers to avoid hot cracking in practice. Furthermore, it represents a very helpful tool for upper level metallurgical and mechanical engineering students.
Welded joints --- Cracking. --- Testing. --- Cracking of welded joints --- Fracture mechanics --- Welding --- Testing --- Materials. --- System safety. --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Metallic Materials. --- Quality Control, Reliability, Safety and Risk. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Safety, System --- Safety of systems --- Systems safety --- Accidents --- Industrial safety --- Systems engineering --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Prevention --- Materials --- Metals. --- Quality control. --- Reliability. --- Industrial safety. --- Industrial accidents --- Industries --- Job safety --- Occupational hazards, Prevention of --- Occupational health and safety --- Occupational safety and health --- Prevention of industrial accidents --- Prevention of occupational hazards --- Safety, Industrial --- Safety engineering --- Safety measures --- Safety of workers --- System safety --- Dependability --- Trustworthiness --- Conduct of life --- Factory management --- Industrial engineering --- Reliability (Engineering) --- Sampling (Statistics) --- Standardization --- Quality assurance --- Quality of products --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy
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This is the second in a series of compendiums devoted to weld hot cracking phenomena, where this subject has been further scrutinized, bringing to bare the most current thoughts on this complex and diverse subject. With 22 technical papers in total, this book is divided in such a way that specific classifications of hot cracks are examined in detail, including solidification, liquation, and ductility dip cracking. The first chapter looks at solidification cracking theory, applying the most modern approaches to modelling weld solidification. Also provided here is a comprehensive review of cracking models. This is followed by two chapters characterizing solidification cracking behaviour for specific alloy systems: ferrous plus nickel-based alloys and aluminium alloys, respectively. The fourth chapter considers liquation cracking in ferrous alloys, and the fifth examines ductility-dip cracking. For engineers and scientists involved in materials research and development, this book provides both new insight and a broad overview of hot cracking phenomena in welds. The contributions additionally give numerous individual solutions and helpful advice for welding engineers to avoid hot cracking in practice. Furthermore, this book can serve as a useful teaching aid for upper level metallurgical, welding and mechanical engineering students.
Welded joints --- Welding. --- Cracking. --- Forging --- Manufacturing processes --- Metal-work --- Sealing (Technology) --- Cracking of welded joints --- Fracture mechanics --- Materials. --- System safety. --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Metallic Materials. --- Quality Control, Reliability, Safety and Risk. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Safety, System --- Safety of systems --- Systems safety --- Accidents --- Industrial safety --- Systems engineering --- Materials --- Prevention --- Metals. --- Quality control. --- Reliability. --- Industrial safety. --- Industrial accidents --- Industries --- Job safety --- Occupational hazards, Prevention of --- Occupational health and safety --- Occupational safety and health --- Prevention of industrial accidents --- Prevention of occupational hazards --- Safety, Industrial --- Safety engineering --- Safety measures --- Safety of workers --- System safety --- Dependability --- Trustworthiness --- Conduct of life --- Factory management --- Industrial engineering --- Reliability (Engineering) --- Sampling (Statistics) --- Standardization --- Quality assurance --- Quality of products --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy
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