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L'électricité, un service public jacobin ? À rebours des idées reçues, cet ouvrage montre le rôle joué par les pouvoirs locaux dans la construction de ce qui est devenu un pilier de l'État-Providence en France, au XXe siècle. Cette influence, peu abordée dans l'historiographie, doit être mise en regard avec les origines du secteur électrique : un système sociotechnique ancré et organisé au niveau communal. Jamais effacée, cette « matrice » a façonné de manière durable la gestion du service public. Elle explique le maintien de plusieurs prérogatives locales au moment de la nationalisation (concessions de distribution, régies municipales et départementales, etc.). Elle éclaire la prise de certaines décisions après la création d'Électricité de France, en matière de redistribution sociale (soutien aux usagers domestiques) ou d'aménagement du territoire (péréquation des prix, électrification rurale). En exhumant l'action des pouvoirs locaux et de leur principale organisation représentative, la FNCCR (Fédération nationale des collectivités concédantes et régies), cette autre histoire du service public, racontée « par le bas », nuance la vision d'un État hégémonique. Elle permet aussi de mieux appréhender les mutations actuelles du secteur électrique, à l'heure où les questions de décentralisation refont surface dans les débats politiques.
Electric utilities --- Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Energy industries --- Public utilities --- Government ownership
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Electric utilities --- Mathematical models. --- Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Energy industries --- Public utilities
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The scale of China's innovation ambitions inspires worldwide commentary, much of it poorly informed. Focusing on electricity, telecommunication and semiconductors, this book offers a richly detailed account of China's innovation efforts. Massive application of human, policy and financial resources shows great promise, but institutional obstacles, conflicting objectives, ill-advised policies and Soviet-era legacies inject inefficiencies, resulting in a complex mosaic of success and failure in both technical and commercial dimensions. State Grid leads the world in high-voltage power transmission, while domestic semiconductors lag behind the international frontier. Electricity and telecom providers record impressive technical advances, but overinvestment and inefficient operation contribute to high costs and prices. Nuclear power combines technical excellence with commercial weakness. Cost reduction rather than new technology underpins commercial success in solar materials. The book's granular studies look beyond specific technologies to incorporate the policy matrix, regulatory structures and global developments into the appraisal of China's innovation achievements.
Electric utilities --- Telecommunication --- Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Energy industries --- Public utilities
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Global energy context has become more and more complex in the last decades; the raising prices of fuels together with economic crisis, new international environmental and energy policies that are forcing companies. Nowadays, as we approach the problem of global warming and climate changes, smart metering technology has an effective use and is crucial for reaching the 2020 energy efficiency and renewable energy targets as a future for smart grids. The environmental targets are modifying the shape of the electricity sectors in the next century. The smart technologies and demand side management are the key features of the future of the electricity sectors. The target challenges are coupling the innovative smart metering services with the smart meters technologies, and the consumers' behaviour should interact with new technologies and polices. The book looks for the future of the electricity demand and the challenges posed by climate changes by using the smart meters technologies and smart meters services. The book is written by leaders from academia and industry experts who are handling the smart meters technologies, infrastructure, protocols, economics, policies and regulations. It provides a promising aspect of the future of the electricity demand. This book is intended for academics and engineers who are working in universities, research institutes, utilities and industry sectors wishing to enhance their idea and get new information about the smart meters.
Electric utilities. --- Wattmeter. --- Electric meters --- Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Energy industries --- Public utilities --- Semi-conductors & super-conductors
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Electric utilities --- Electric power production --- Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Energy industries --- Public utilities --- Deregulation
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This booklet gives an introduction to the issues raised by regulatory reform of the electricity sector. The sector is undergoing change worldwide. A key objective of reform is to improve efficiency in order to reduce prices for electricity consumers. More competitive power markets are required to achieve this objective, but security of supply must also be sustained in the new conditions, and environmental objectives are of growing importance. Ultimately, choices must be made by end-users themselves and not by others on their behalf. Hence, the structure of the industry needs to change to promote end-user choice, as do the regulatory institutions and rules that set the framework. The contents of this volume were first published as part of an OECD book on regulatory reform in a variety of sectors. This updated version of the study is one in a series of short publications by the IEA on energy market reforms.
Relation between energy and economics --- Energy --- Electric Utilities --- Business & Economics --- Industries --- Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Energy industries --- Public utilities
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Over the last fifteen years the world's largest developing countries have initiated market reform in their electric power sectors from generation to distribution. This book evaluates the experiences of five of those countries - Brazil, China, India, Mexico and South Africa - as they have shifted from state-dominated systems to schemes allowing for a larger private sector role. As well as having the largest power systems in their regions and among the most rapidly rising consumption of electricity in the world, these countries are the locus of massive financial investment and the effects of their power systems are increasingly felt in world fuel markets. This accessible volume explains the origins of these reform efforts and offers a theory as to why - despite diverse backgrounds - reform efforts in all five countries have stalled in similar ways. The authors also offer practical advice to improve reform policies.
Electric utilities --- Energy policy --- Energy industries --- Industries --- Power resources --- Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Public utilities --- Business, Economy and Management --- Economics
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Electric utilities --- Statistical methods. --- Data processing. --- Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Energy industries --- Public utilities
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Electric utilities. --- Electric utilities --- Management. --- Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Energy industries --- Public utilities
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Service Quality Regulation in Electricity Distribution and Retail provides a guide for regulatory authorities and postgraduate students alike, accompanying readers through the necessary steps for designing and implementing regulatory policy. It builds a bridge between the theoretical aspects of service quality regulation and country-specific applied mechanisms. The book offers examples as provided by regulatory authorities (including some not often available in the English language), and suggests best practices as elaborated by a number of international regulatory organizations. The book is a comprehensive, clear, well-organized description of applied quality regulation in the electricity sector as it is, today. Advanced readers will also appreciate its survey of the most innovative regulatory mechanisms currently being employed (and tested) in European countries, as well as those that have been proposed in the literature.
Electric power distribution. --- Electric utilities --- Law and legislation --- Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Energy industries --- Public utilities --- Electricity --- Power distribution, Electric --- Electric power systems --- Power transmission --- Electric power transmission --- Electrification --- Distribution
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