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Criminal behavior. --- Comportement criminel --- Criminal behavior, Prediction of. --- Prédiction du comportement criminel --- Crime forecasting. --- Criminalité --- Artificial intelligence. --- Intelligence artificielle. --- Prévision. --- Comportement criminel.

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"This book brings to life the major theories of crime and deviance by presenting detailed profiles that help readers differentiate each theory and its major propositions by better understanding how, when, and by whom the theory was formed. Criminology is based on strong theoretical foundations that attempt to answer the question of why people commit crime. Criminological theory is especially complex in that theorists come from a variety of disciplines including medicine, sociology, psychology, economics, and law. While not an exhaustive list of each theorist's works, nor an in-depth review of the empirical work that has been done on each theory, this text tracks the intellectual development of a theory by profiling the theorists who are responsible for the major ideas in criminological thought. By viewing the field in the context of the social conditions of the time and the personal histories of the theorists, students can better understand the intellectual history of each theory and the relationship between criminology and other fields, to grasp a better appreciation of how the science of crime and the study of criminals has evolved. All chapters are organized with a brief overview of the theorist and their significant ideas, a biographical profile of the theorist, coverage of the theoretical developments and contributions of the theorist, a list of major works by the theorist, and a summary detailing the overall legacy of the theorist in the field. This book is ideal for courses on criminology, criminological theory, and criminal behavior"--

Criminology. --- Criminologists. --- Criminal behavior. --- Deviant behavior. --- Crime --- Criminal behavior, Prediction of. --- Criminal investigation --- Criminologues --- Criminologie --- Comportement criminel --- Déviance --- Criminalité --- Prédiction du comportement criminel. --- Enquêtes criminelles --- Sociological aspects. --- Psychological aspects. --- Sociologie --- Aspect psychologique

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Criminal behavior --- Criminal psychology --- Criminal law --- Criminal behavior, Prediction of --- Crime prevention --- Comparative law --- Comportement criminel --- Psychologie criminelle --- Droit pénal --- Prédiction du comportement criminel --- Criminalité --- Droit comparé --- Prévention --- Droit pénal --- Prédiction du comportement criminel --- Criminalité --- Droit comparé --- Prévention --- Dangerosité --- Récidive (droit)

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This edited text draws together the insights of numerous worldwide eminent academics to evaluate the condition of predictive policing and artificial intelligence (AI) as interlocked policy areas. Predictive and AI technologies are growing in prominence and at an unprecedented rate. Powerful digital crime mapping tools are being used to identify crime hotspots in real-time, as pattern-matching and search algorithms are sorting through huge police databases populated by growing volumes of data in an eff ort to identify people liable to experience (or commit) crime, places likely to host it, and variables associated with its solvability. Facial and vehicle recognition cameras are locating criminals as they move, while police services develop strategies informed by machine learning and other kinds of predictive analytics. Many of these innovations are features of modern policing in the UK, the US and Australia, among other jurisdictions.AI promises to reduce unnecessary labour, speed up various forms of police work, encourage police forces to more efficiently apportion their resources, and enable police officers to prevent crime and protect people from a variety of future harms. However, the promises of predictive and AI technologies and innovations do not always match reality. They often have significant weaknesses, come at a considerable cost and require challenging trade- off s to be made. Focusing on the UK, the US and Australia, this book explores themes of choice architecture, decision- making, human rights, accountability and the rule of law, as well as future uses of AI and predictive technologies in various policing contexts. The text contributes to ongoing debates on the benefits and biases of predictive algorithms, big data sets, machine learning systems, and broader policing strategies and challenges.Written in a clear and direct style, this book will appeal to students and scholars of policing, criminology, crime science, sociology, computer science, cognitive psychology and all those interested in the emergence of AI as a feature of contemporary policing.

Criminology. Victimology --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Police --- Crime analysis --- Crime forecasting. --- Criminal behavior, Prediction of. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Criminalité --- Prédiction du comportement criminel. --- Intelligence artificielle. --- Technological innovations. --- Innovations technologiques. --- Prévention. --- Crime --- Forecasting, Crime --- Social prediction --- Criminal behavior, Prediction of --- Forecasting --- Crime forecasting --- Criminalité --- Prédiction du comportement criminel. --- Prévention.

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The author examines criminal behaviour from birth to adulthood in a sample of nearly 1,000 subjects in order to determine the biological and sociological influences on violence. Over 100 predictors of violent behaviour found to be significant in past biological and sociological studies of crime are analysed. The results indicate that both biological and environmental factors produce strong, and independent, effects on both delinquency and adult crime and violence among both males and females. Powerful influences on violence include behavioural disorder during youth, low school achievement, hyperactivity, lead poisoning, and low levels of parental education. The results do not confirm the findings of previous studies that indicate direct relationships between delinquency and early intelligence, mental retardation, socioeconomic status, or early central nervous system dysfunction. The author concludes that many of the factors contributing to criminal and violent behaviour can be prevented because they have clear environmental origins that can be eliminated.

Social problems --- Criminology. Victimology --- Criminal behavior, Prediction of --- Sociobiology --- Crime --- Prédiction du comportement criminel --- Sociobiologie --- Criminalité --- Longitudinal studies --- Etudes longitudinales --- Collaborative Perinatal Project (U.S.) --- Sociobiology. --- Longitudinal studies. --- Prédiction du comportement criminel --- Criminalité --- Criminal behavior --- Pennsylvania --- Philadelphia (Pa.) --- Criminal behavior - Pennsylvania - Philadelphia - Longitudinal studies. --- Health Sciences --- Psychiatry & Psychology --- Biologism --- Human biology --- Human evolution --- Psychology, Comparative --- Social evolution --- Criminal offender profiling --- Criminal profiling --- Delinquency prediction --- Offender profiling --- Prediction of criminal behavior --- Profiling, Criminal --- Criminal psychology --- Prediction (Psychology) --- Crime forecasting --- Criminal profilers --- Social aspects --- National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke. --- Collaborative Perinatal Project --- NCPP