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La mission archéologique syro-française de Qinnasrin a mené ses travaux de 2008 à 2010 sur le site d’al-‘Iss (Syrie du Nord, région d’Alep), dans l’ensemble du bourg et dans ses environs immédiats, grâce aux financements de la Commission des fouilles du ministère de l’Europe et des Affaires étrangères, de la Fondation Max van Berchem, du CNRS et de la Direction générale des Antiquités et Musées de Syrie. Attestée depuis la fin du IIIe millénaire avant notre ère, Qinnasrin est un nœud routier et militaire important, qui domine une plaine fertile, aux confins de la steppe et des zones d’agriculture irriguée. Renommée Chalcis par les Grecs, elle est, à l’époque romaine, le siège d’une royauté et frappe monnaie. Elle joue un rôle essentiel dans le système de fortification de la Syrie du Nord mis en place par Justinien face aux Perses, puis lors de la conquête de la Syrie du Nord par les armées de l’islam. Étroitement liée à Alep, elle décline, à son profit, à partir du milieu du xe siècle et tombe dans l’oubli vers le xive siècle. Cet ouvrage dresse un état des lieux et une synthèse des sources textuelles et archéologiques. Il présente la documentation constituée par les prospections pédestre et géophysique, les premières fouilles archéologiques jamais menées sur le site, l’inventaire des blocs architecturaux et la collecte de matériel. Plusieurs découvertes permettent de rendre compte de l’importance acquise par la ville, tant aux périodes les plus anciennes qu’aux époques grecque, romaine ou islamique. Pour la première fois, un scénario de l’évolution morphologique de la ville et de ses transformations est proposé. Ce second volume de la série consacrée à Qinnasrin livre un portrait inédit d’un site remarquable et largement méconnu. The syro-french archaeological research mission of Qinnasrin has worked between 2008 and 2010 on the site of al-‘Iss (Northern Syria, Aleppo region), in the village itself and in the imediate surroundings. These fieldworks have been…

Fouilles archéologiques --- Chalcis ad Belum (ville ancienne) --- Excavations (Archeology) --- Architecture, Ancient --- Syria --- Antiquities --- Archaeology --- archéologie --- épigraphie --- morphologie urbaine --- Syrie du Nord --- âge du Bronze --- période hellénistique --- Empire romain --- Antiquité tardive --- période omeyyade --- période abbasside --- Moyen Âge --- églises d’Orient --- conquête musulmane --- fortification --- céramique --- sigillée --- archaeology --- epigraphy --- urban morphology --- Northern Syria --- Bronze Age --- hellenistic period --- roman empire --- Late Antiquity --- umayyad period --- abbasid period --- Middle Age --- oriental churches --- muslim conquest --- pottery --- sigillata --- Fouilles archéologiques --- Antiquité tardive. --- Qinnasrīn (Extinct city) --- Antiquities.

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This book focuses on the use of GIScience in conjunction with historical visual sources to resolve past scenarios. The themes, knowledge gained and methodologies conducted might be of interest to a variety of scholars from the social science and humanities disciplines.

Research & information: general --- Geography --- land use/land cover (LULC) --- landscapes --- historical maps --- Geographic Information System (GIS) --- agriculture --- vineyards --- olive groves --- Ein Karem --- Bethlehem --- Hebron --- urban geomorphology --- anthropogenic landforms --- old maps --- contour lines --- Genoa --- historical GIS --- HGIS --- GIS tools --- fishnet --- grid --- urban morphology --- Inoh’s map --- coastlines --- terrain --- land use --- uncertainty --- visibility --- topographic accessibility --- Central Europe --- information system --- Vltava River --- geolocation --- photographs --- historical visual sources --- graph embeddings --- geospatial descriptors --- indexing and retrieval of historical data --- GIS --- carbon balance --- rural landscape --- total environment --- historical geography --- GIScience --- visual sources --- spatial approaches --- cartography

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The Heritage Patterns—Representative Models issue of Heritage welcomed twelve articles that discussed traditional and contemporary methodologies, as well as scholars from different backgrounds who intended to seek patterns of tangible heritage and its underlying principles to understand the diversity of heritage approaches. The Special Issue aims to research the patterns in heritage and the underlying rules that define tangible heritage as a universal value in spatial coexistence, economics, urban life, and design via case studies and theoretical proposals that could be implemented in the future. The pattern language and the heritage phenomenon could act as a base of observation to deduct logic and create generative algorithms (generative design); to understand the importance of spatial connection with tangible heritage and urban forms (space syntax, urban morphology, and urban morphometrics) and its visibility; as well as archaeological, architectural, and urban heritage. Based on the UNESCO-ICOMOS doctrines and the examination of morphological regions, urban morphological research and its different layers (urban forms, structural components, built environment, urban tissue, and their interaction) act as a background and foundation for general urban heritage conservation and protection proposals, and also as the base of specific interventions in the built environment caused by natural disasters.

The arts --- Architecture --- urban morphology --- historico-geographical --- town plan --- preservation --- design guidelines --- conservation --- heritage --- urban form --- town-plan --- streets --- plots --- block-plans of buildings --- New York --- urban planning --- pattern language --- generative modelling --- Vienna --- Austria-Hungary --- Barnet --- suburban centres --- spatial morphology --- heritage syntax urbanism --- community heritage --- tangible heritage --- intangible heritage --- space syntax --- cultural heritage --- industrial landscape planning --- industrial landscape --- post-industrial landscape --- industrial tourism --- industrial heritage --- spatial layout --- spatial distribution --- spatial structure --- mapping --- surveying --- indigenous place values --- colonisation --- Michel de Certeau --- lost landscapes --- design reparation --- architecture --- healing architecture --- ergonomics --- community building --- ecology --- architecture for children --- low-tech --- universal design --- vernacular architecture --- regionalism --- visibility analysis --- isovist --- field of view --- urban heritage --- built environment --- Istanbul --- architectural heritage --- spatial distribution characteristics --- influencing factors --- UNESCO heritage --- heritage protection --- urban history --- urban design of 19th century --- system of public squares and city parks --- Zagreb --- Croatia --- urban block --- urban transformation --- urban reconstruction --- historical core --- sustainable urbanisation --- liveable urbanism --- evidence-based design --- Asian cities

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The combination of global warming and urban sprawl is the origin of the most hazardous climate change effect detected at urban level: Urban Heat Island, representing the urban overheating respect to the countryside surrounding the city. This book includes 18 papers representing the state of the art of detection, assessment mitigation and adaption to urban overheating. Advanced methods, strategies and technologies are here analyzed including relevant issues as: the role of urban materials and fabrics on urban climate and their potential mitigation, the impact of greenery and vegetation to reduce urban temperatures and improve the thermal comfort, the role the urban geometry in the air temperature rise, the use of satellite and ground data to assess and quantify the urban overheating and develop mitigation solutions, calculation methods and application to predict and assess mitigation scenarios. The outcomes of the book are thus relevant for a wide multidisciplinary audience, including: environmental scientists and engineers, architect and urban planners, policy makers and students.

emissivity --- mobile temperature observations --- urban heat island --- urban vegetation --- urban overheating --- spectral analysis --- Beirut --- urban heat island index --- land surface temperature --- ENVI-met --- air quality --- albedo --- climatic perception --- overheating --- urbanization --- road surface --- “cold spots” --- Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) --- urban remote sensing --- local climate zone --- cooling technologies --- Weather Research and Forecasting model --- cool surfaces --- outdoor thermal comfort --- energy savings --- air temperature --- measurement --- urbanized WRF --- mitigation measures --- Euramet --- heat health --- surface cool island effect --- urban-climate archipelago --- sky view factor --- urban climate archipelago --- open science --- cool roofs --- urban energy balance --- road lighting --- urban climatology --- material characterization --- urban climate --- thermal comfort --- air and surface temperature measurements --- cool pavements --- multi-objective optimization --- empirical line method --- calculation --- urban cooling --- multifractal analysis --- urban heat mitigation --- genetic algorithm --- heat stress --- “hot spots” --- subtropical climate --- EMPIR 16NRM02 --- building energy performance --- multiple linear regression --- built-up area --- thermal emittance --- urban morphology --- cost-optimal analysis --- building retrofit --- sustainability --- mitigation strategies --- luminance coefficient --- office buildings --- GIS --- structure functions analysis --- solar reflectance --- park cool island --- solar reflectance index --- urban open space --- building scale --- meteorological modeling --- shading --- surface albedo --- summer heat stress --- cool materials --- land cover fraction --- micro-climate simulations --- energy simulation --- urban microclimate --- urban development --- Physiologically Equivalent Temperature --- cool facades --- green area --- ageing --- MODIS downscaling --- spectral reflectance --- fine-resolution meteorological modeling --- urban areas --- morphological indicator --- lifecycle analysis --- non-constructible parcels --- WRF-Chem