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Modern dictatorships hold elections. Contrary to our stereotypical views of autocratic politics, dictators often introduce elections with limited manipulation wherein they refrain from employing blatant electoral fraud and pro-regime electoral institutions. Why do such electoral reforms happen in autocracies? Do these elections destabilize autocratic rule? The Dictator's Dilemma at the Ballot Box explores how dictators design elections and what consequences those elections have on political order. It argues that strong autocrats who can effectively garner popular support through extensive economic distribution become less dependent on coercive electioneering strategies. When autocrats fail to design elections properly, elections backfire in the form of coups, protests, and the opposition's stunning election victories. The book's theoretical implications are tested on a battery of cross-national analyses with newly collected data on autocratic elections and in-depth comparative case studies of the two Central Asian republics--Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The book's findings suggest that indicators of free and fair elections in dictatorships may not be enough to achieve full-fledged democratization.

Dictatorship. --- Elections --- Corrupt practices. --- Absolutism --- Autocracy --- Tyranny --- Authoritarianism --- Despotism --- Totalitarianism --- Election fraud --- Election law --- Criminal provisions --- Dictatorship --- Corrupt practices --- Electoral politics --- Franchise --- Polls --- Political science --- Politics, Practical --- Plebiscite --- Political campaigns --- Representative government and representation

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The Arab Spring uprisings were not about gender; these were uprisings demanding rights for all. Yet, they presented a rare opportunity for women to let themselves be heard. And, from being some of the most memorable and lasting leaders of these revolutionary protests, female activists were particularly targeted by many regimes. In A Spring Aborted: How Authoritarianism Violates Women's Rights in the Arab World, leadership expert Yusuf Sidani tracks the contributions of female activists, the reasons for the Arab Spring, and the abuse these leaders suffered. Including analysis of protests across Sudan, Egypt, Syria, Yemen, and Tunisia, Sidani looks at the aims of the protests, and the impact, evaluating whether the changes brought about were deep enough to disrupt governance structures. Finally, Sidani explores how the Arab Spring has been hijacked. From deep divisions among the allies who shaped the Arab Spring, to sheer force and brutality, Sidani analyses the causes of the Spring's disintegration.

Women political activists --- Political activists --- Authoritarianism --- Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Political Science --- Political structures: totalitarianism & dictatorship. --- Social aspects --- Social aspects. --- Political Ideologies / Fascism & Totalitarianism. --- Arab Awakening, 2010 --- -Political science --- Authority --- -Political activists --- Political science --- -Social aspects

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Unravelling Gramsci makes extensive use of Antonio Gramsci's writings, including his much- overlooked pre-prison journalism, prison letters, as well as his prison notebooks, to provide a fresh approach to understanding his contemporary relevance in the current neoliberal world order. Adam Morton examines in detail the themes of hegemony, passive revolution and uneven development to provide a useful way of analysing the contemporary global political economy, the project of neoliberalism, processes of state formation, and practices of resistance. The book explores the theoretical and practical limitations of how Gramsci's ideas can be used today, offering a broad insight into state formation and the international factors shaping hegemony within a capitalist framework.

AA / International- internationaal --- 321.63 --- 330.08 --- 202 --- 330.540 --- Dictatuur van het proletariaat --- Dictature du prolétariat --- Dictatorship of the proletariat --- 321.63 Dictatuur van het proletariaat --- 321.63 Dictature du prolétariat --- 321.63 Dictatorship of the proletariat --- Dictatuur van het proletariaat. --- Economisten. --- Sociale organisatie. --- Socialistische stelsels: algemeenheden. --- Hegemony. --- Hegemonism --- Political science --- Sociology --- Unipolarity (International relations) --- Gramsci, Antonio, --- Gramshi, Antonio --- Gramši, Antonije --- Gramshi, A. --- Gramši, Antonio --- Gkramsi, Antonio --- גרמשי, אנטוניו, --- Economisten --- Sociale organisatie --- Socialistische stelsels: algemeenheden --- World politics. --- Hégémonie --- Politique mondiale --- Criticism and interpretation. --- hegemonie --- Gramsci, Antonio.

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This study of economic reforms throughout Eastern Europe covers the history of attempts at decentralization. The book:
* Describes the centralized model and compares its requirements with the realities of socialist countries
* Discusses the economic policies of the post-Stalinist period
* Examines the origin of the reforms which began in 1956, culminating in the Soviet economic reform of 1965 and the rehabilitation of profit.

Countries covered include the former USSR, the former East Germany and Hungary.

Central planning --- Profit --- Soviet Union --- Europe, Eastern --- Economic policy. --- Net income --- Business --- Capital --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Economics --- Finance --- Surplus (Economics) --- Surplus value --- Wealth --- Income --- Risk --- E-books --- Dictatorship of the proletariat. --- Marxian economics. --- Marxist economics --- Communism --- Schools of economics --- Socialism --- Communist state --- Proletariat --- Totalitarianism

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Reel Pleasures brings the world of African moviehouses and the publics they engendered to life, revealing how local fans creatively reworked global media--from Indian melodrama to Italian westerns, kung fu, and blaxploitation films--to speak to local dreams and desires. In it, Laura Fair zeroes in on Tanzanians' extraordinarily dynamic media cultures to demonstrate how the public and private worlds of film reception brought communities together and contributed to the construction of genders, generations, and urban citizenship over time. Radically reframing the literatures on media exhibition, distribution, and reception, Reel Pleasures demonstrates how local entrepreneurs and fans worked together to forge the most successful cinema industry in colonial sub-Saharan Africa. The result is a major contribution to the literature on transnational commodity cultures.

Motion picture industry --- Motion picture audiences --- Motion picture theaters --- #SBIB:309H1313 --- #SBIB:39A8 --- #SBIB:39A73 --- Cinemas --- Movie theaters --- Moving-picture theaters --- Theaters, Motion picture --- Theaters --- Film audiences --- Filmgoers --- Moviegoers --- Moving-picture audiences --- Performing arts --- Film industry (Motion pictures) --- Moving-picture industry --- Cultural industries --- Social aspects --- Geschiedenis en/of organisatie van het filmwezen: algemeen en per land (met inbegrip van de rol van het filmwezen in de ontwikkelingsproblematiek) --- Antropologie: linguïstiek, audiovisuele cultuur, antropologie van media en representatie --- Etnografie: Afrika --- Audiences --- E-books --- Political stability --- Legitimacy of governments --- Dictatorship --- Absolutism --- Autocracy --- Tyranny --- Authoritarianism --- Despotism --- Totalitarianism --- Governments, Legitimacy of --- Legitimacy (Constitutional law) --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Revolutions --- Sovereignty --- State, The --- General will --- Regime change --- Destabilization (Political science) --- Political instability --- Stability, Political --- History --- Odría, Manuel A. --- Partido Aprista Peruano --- APRA --- A.P.R.A. --- Partido Aprista (Peru) --- Peruvian Aprista Party --- American Popular Revolutionary Alliance --- Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana --- PAP --- P.A.P. --- Amazonas (Peru) --- Peru --- Amazonas (Peru : Department) --- Amazonas (Peru : Region) --- Amarumayu Suyu (Peru) --- Amasunu Jach'a Suyu (Peru) --- Politics and government --- APRA. --- Peru. --- biopolitics. --- necropolitics. --- sacrifice. --- sacropolitics. --- secrecy. --- sovereignty. --- state of exception. --- state.