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What is noise? How does it enter into human judgment and enhance errors in decision making?In this Social Science Bites Podcast, Olivier Sibony, co-author of Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment, defines the concept of noise as the 'unwanted variability in human judgment' causing errors in our thinking. After bias has been identified in professional judgments, the undesirable variability of faults (that is, noise) remains. Sibony goes on to explain why it is important for us to understand what noise is, how it is mathematically equivalent to bias and how to mitigate its negative effects on our judgment.Sibony discusses the range of areas in which statisticians can identify noise, using examples such as the cost and claim estimates of insurance companies, how professors grade essays and how a judge decides the sentence for a person who has been found guilty of a crime. This is particularly important because 'when similarly situated people are not treated similarly, it's unfair'. Decisions can have incredible effects on those who are involved, and many outcomes are a lottery, as they are reliant on those who happen to be put in charge of making the decisions. This in turn makes the credibility of the decision-making institution questionable.

Judgment. --- Decision making.

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Hauptbeschreibung Christian Stettler zeichnet die Entfaltung der Endgerichtserwartung von den Schriftpropheten bis zu Jesus nach. Dabei wird deutlich, dass die Gerichtserwartung im Weltordnungsdenken und in der Königsideologie wurzelt und dass der Fülle von Gerichtsmotiven seit der Exilszeit ein gemeinsames Thema zugrunde liegt: die Erwartung, dass JHWH durch das Endgericht seine Königsherrschaft universal aufrichten wird und dass nur die an der Gottesherrschaft teilhaben werden, die gemäß der Tora ""gerecht"" sind. Die Frage, wer die gemäß der Tora Gerechten sind bzw. wie man diese

Judgment Day. --- Prophecy --- Day of Judgment --- Day of the Lord (Judgment Day) --- Doomsday --- Final judgment (Judgment Day) --- General judgment --- Judgment, Last --- Last Judgment --- End of the world --- Judgment of God --- Second Advent --- Christianity --- Biblical teaching. --- Eschatologie --- Gericht --- Jesus --- Endgericht --- Altes Testament --- Neues Testament --- Antike --- Judgment Day --- Prophecy - Christianity - Biblical teaching

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Ken Hammond has been influential in the study of decision making. In this book, he shows why mistaken judgments happen, how to make better decisions, and how to understand the thought modes operating in the political process.

Decision making. --- Judgment. --- Judgment --- Decision making --- Social Sciences --- Psychology --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Judgement --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Language and languages --- Thought and thinking --- Wisdom

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This fascinating new book examines diversity in moral judgements, drawing on recent work in social, personality, and evolutionary psychology, reviewing the factors that influence the moral judgments people make. Why do reasonable people so often disagree when drawing distinctions between what is morally right and wrong? Even when individuals agree in their moral pronouncements, they may employ different standards, different comparative processes, or entirely disparate criteria in their judgments. Examining the sources of this variety, the author expertly explores morality using ethics position theory, alongside other theoretical perspectives in moral psychology, and shows how it can relate to contemporary social issues from abortion to premarital sex to human rights. Also featuring a chapter on applied contexts, using the theory of ethics positions to gain insights into the moral choices and actions of individuals, groups, and organizations in educational, research, political, medical, and business settings, the book offers answers that apply across individuals, communities, and cultures. Investigating the relationship between people⁰́₉s personal moral philosophies and their ethical thoughts, emotions, and actions, this is fascinating reading for students and academics from psychology and philosophy and anyone interested in morality and ethics.

Judgment (Ethics) --- Ethics --- Decision making --- Psychological aspects. --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Moral judgment --- Social, group or collective psychology;Ethics and moral philosophy

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Logic --- Reasoning --- Logic. --- Reasoning. --- Argumentation --- Ratiocination --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Reason --- Thought and thinking --- Judgment (Logic) --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Methodology