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Patient quality of life (QoL) is a pivotal parameter, which is often used by clinicians to evaluate how treatments and therapies influence patients' functionality and emotional state, aiming to ameliorate interventions and their outcomes. Currently, the majority of questionnaires assessing the QoL are designed with the main contribution of clinicians and, therefore, include items that are cantered on the disease rather than on its multifaceted impact on people's life. The failure to truly grasp the patients' perspective, their needs, aspirations, perceptions and emotional state, is a major drawback that sets medical care on clinical parameters alone. We aimed to bridge this gap by establishing an innovative patient-designed QoL index to provide a new, unbiased tool considering the patients' perception of their own well-being. Based predominantly on patients' contribution, we defined specific areas (physical, emotional, social, functional, economical) and the respective characterizing features, and applied a pseudo-Delphi methodology combined with customer-satisfaction techniques. For each feature, the degree of agreement and the importance were assessed on a Likert scale. A synthetic QoL index was created by weighting the importance of each item. The methodology tested led to the development of a valid patient-designed QoL index, providing a way forward that could potentially be applied to many different conditions. The areas and the features included are indeed common to all patients, irrespective of their disease. We found that the process of methodology development enhanced the patients' awareness of their subjective experience with the disease, and enabled them to better present their situation to the clinicians. The patient-designed QoL index provides a descriptive model that can be helpful to patients, clinicians and third parties and that can be further integrated with clinical details to obtain an overall view of the course of treatment for each patient.
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"Nanetti outlines a methodology for deploying artificial intelligence and machine learning to enhance historical research. Historical events are the treasure of human experiences, the heritage that societies have used to remain resilient and express their identities. Nanetti has created and developed an interdisciplinary methodology supported by practice-based research that serves as a pathway between historical and computer sciences to design and build computational structures that analyse how societies create narratives about historical events. This consilience pathway aims to make historical memory machine-understandable. It turns history into a computational discipline through an interdisciplinary blend of philological accuracy, historical scholarship, history-based media projects, and computational tools. Nanetti presents the theory behind this methodology from a humanities perspective and discusses its practical application in user interface and experience. An essential read for historians and scholars working in the digital humanities"--
Research --- Methodology.
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Selbst- und Fremdbeschreibungen der Soziologie sind stark von der symbolischen Differenzierung entlang kultureller Grenzen geprägt. Als Wissenskultur zwischen den »harten« Natur- und den »weichen« Geisteswissenschaften muss sie interdisziplinäre Anschlussfähigkeit und zugleich Distinktion vermitteln. Um der Gesellschaft die Gesellschaft zu erklären, muss sie verständlich sein und doch die spezifische Sprache der Wissenschaft nutzen. Lisa Kressin zeichnet die Bedeutung der Methodenlehre im Soziologiestudium für die Reproduktion dieser Spannungen nach und weist ihr eine Schlüsselrolle in der Etablierung der kulturellen Einheit und Differenz dieser wissenschaftlichen Disziplin zu.
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This book focuses on comparison in anthropology, turning an ethnographic lens onto the diversity of comparative practice. It seeks to understand how, why, and with what consequences, diversely situated groups of people - many of whom operate on radically different premises to professional anthropologists - make comparisons, above all between themselves and real or imagined others. What motivates people to compare, what techniques or logics do they employ, and what are the most likely outcomes - both intended and unintended? How do comparative practices reflect, reinforce or refuse uneven relations of power? And finally, what can a rejuvenated comparative anthropology learn from the anthropology of comparison? The volume develops a dialogue between scholars with long-term ethnographic engagement in a variety of contexts around the world and is particularly valuable reading for those interested in anthropological methodology and theory.
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History --- Methodology
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With the contributions of international experts, the book aims to explore the new boundaries of universal bibliographic control. Bibliographic control is radically changing because the bibliographic universe is radically changing: resources, agents, technologies, standards and practices. Among the main topics addressed: library cooperation networks; legal deposit; national bibliographies; new tools and standards (IFLA LRM, RDA, BIBFRAME); authority control and new alliances (Wikidata, Wikibase, Identifiers); new ways of indexing resources (artificial intelligence); institutional repositories; new book supply chain; "discoverability" in the IIIF digital ecosystem; role of thesauri and ontologies in the digital ecosystem; bibliographic control and search engines.
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In this first volume, this book proposes concepts about culture and its location in the social and academic life of our region.
Culture --- Methodology.
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Warm conveyor belts (WCBs) are weather systems that substantially modulate the large-scale extratropical circulation. As they can amplify forecast errors and project them onto the Rossby wave pattern, they are of high relevance for numerical weather prediction. This work elaborates on two aspects of WCBs in the context of ensemble forecasts: (1) sensitivities of WCBs to the representation of initial condition and model uncertainties, and (2) the role of WCBs for forecast error growth.
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