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The newest Legionella volume is a comprehensive reference source, offering 131 chapters that are divided into four general subject areas covering clinical and diagnostic information, epidemiology, basic microbiology and pathogenesis, and environmental detection and control.

Legionella --- Legionellosis --- Legionnaires' Disease --- Legionnaires' disease --- Broad street disease --- Respiratory disease of Philadelphia --- Gram-negative bacterial infections --- Respiratory infections

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Legionella pneumophila was first isolated as the causative agent of a deadly infectious pneumonia at a convention of the American Legion forty years ago. Since then, Legionnaires’ disease continues to be a significant public health concern. Today, our understanding of the Legionella genus, comprising environmental bacteria and opportunistic human pathogens, has dramatically increased. The study of how pathogenic Legionella interact with host cells, both protozoan and mammalian, has not only taught us about host-pathogen interactions but has revealed novel and unexpected insights into human cell biology and immunology. The capacity of pathogenic Legionella to commandeer cellular processes such as eukaryotic vesicular trafficking to establish an ER-like replicative niche, reflects the exquisite ability of this pathogen to manipulate eukaryotic cell biology in order to replicate in an intracellular compartment. This requires the specific and targeted action of a cohort of translocated bacterial effector proteins. In addition, we have learnt much about cell autonomous innate immune sensing of intracellular bacteria through the inability of L. pneumophila to avoid intracellular mammalian defense mechanisms. Now, in the age of large-scale comparative “omics”, it is clear that different Legionella species utilize different cohorts of effectors to replicate inside eukaryotic cells. While we understand some of the strategies employed by L. pneumophila and L. longbeachae to replicate within eukaryotic cells, there is still much to learn about many aspects of the Legionella life cycle. This Research Topic highlights the latest findings regarding the biology of Legionella species, their interactions with eukaryotic host cells, and how the application of various technologies has increased our understanding of this important pathogen.

Host-Pathogen Interactions --- Legionnaires' Disease --- Legionella --- Dot/Icm effector --- intravacuolar pathogen

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Legionnaires’ disease, a potentially fatal type of pneumonia primarily affecting elderly and immuno-compromised persons, is caused by the ubiquitous environmental bacterium Legionella pneumophila. This book offers authoritative reviews of different facets of its virulence, focusing on comparative phagocyte infection, virulence gene regulation, biochemical functions of effector proteins and cellular pathogen-host interactions, as well as host responses and immunity to L. pneumophila. Taken together, the contributions in this compilation provide a state-of-the-art overview of current insights into the molecular pathogenesis of the opportunistic and potentially fatal pathogen L. pneumophila.

Bacteriology. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Legionella pneumophila. --- Legionnaires'' disease -- Molecular aspects. --- Legionnaires'' disease. --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Medical microbiology. --- Molecular biology. --- Infectious diseases. --- Biomedicine. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Microbiology --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Microbiology. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Health Workforce --- Diseases. --- Medicine --- Bacteria. --- Biomedical Research. --- Research. --- Germs --- Microbes --- Prokaryotes --- Biological research --- Biomedical research --- Human beings --- Illness --- Illnesses --- Morbidity --- Sickness --- Sicknesses --- Epidemiology --- Health --- Sick --- Diseases

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Climate change poses a serious challenge to our health and wellbeing. The increasing frequency of extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, and heatwaves, and the direct impacts of changes in temperature have direct impacts on health. At the same time, broader environmental change affects infectious disease risk, air pollution, and other forms of exposure. The different ways in which climate change will affect health are complex, interactive, and different communities are disproportionately affected. International actions such as the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals recognise the future risks to society and acknowledge that we are already committed to a certain level of climate change. Future adaptation measures therefore need careful assessment and implementation for us to be able to minimise the potential risks from climate change and, at the same time, maximise the potential health benefits of a cleaner, greener world. This Special Issue comprises original research articles and detailed reviews on the likely impacts of climate change on health in a range of geographical settings, and the potential for adaptation measures to reduce some of these risks. Ultimately, studies like these will motivate policy level action for mitigation and help in determining the most effective methods of adaptation to reduce negative impacts in future through embedding scientific evidence into practice.

heat-waves --- heat-related mortality --- 2003 --- 2015 --- climate change --- Germany --- air temperature --- hot days --- heat waves --- city --- urban area types --- Poznań --- Poland --- ambulance 999 calls --- extreme weather --- resource planning --- London --- UK --- heat --- mortality --- adaptation --- dwellings --- indoor temperature --- cold days --- cold waves --- health systems --- climate adaptation --- health infrastructure --- rescue services --- Northern Europe --- disaster risk reduction --- Sendai Framework --- demographic change --- infectious diseases --- vector-borne diseases --- aerosolized exposures --- pollen --- well-being --- public health --- land management --- patient and public involvement (PPI) --- land-use --- El Niño Southern Oscillation --- ENSO --- health --- climatic variability --- climate-sensitive disease --- workplace --- heat stress --- productivity loss --- beta distribution --- North Atlantic Oscillation --- weather --- emergency ambulance calls --- exacerbation of essential hypertension --- urban heat island --- urban planning --- heat resilience --- climate scenarios --- waterborne disease --- natural environment --- risks --- cryptosporidiosis --- cholera --- leptospirosis --- Legionnaires’ disease --- trends over time --- n/a --- Poznań --- El Niño Southern Oscillation --- Legionnaires' disease

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In the only history of its kind, Etheridge traces the development of the Centers for Disease Control from its inception as a malaria control unit during World War II through the mid-1980s . The eradication of smallpox, the struggle to identify an effective polio vaccine, the unraveling of the secrets of Legionnaires' disease, and the shock over the identification of the HIV virus are all chronicled here. Drawing on hundreds of interviews and source documents, Etheridge vividly recreates the vital decision-making incidents that shaped both the growth of this institution as well as the state of public health in this country for the last five decades. We follow the development of the institution as it was transformed by the will and the imagination of remarkable individuals such as Dr. Joseph Mountin, one of the first heads of the CDC. Often characterized as abrasive and impatient, Mountin pushed the CDC to become a vital player in eradicating the threat of communicable disease in the United States. Others such as Dr. Alexander Langmuir brought the expertise necessary to establish epidemiology as one of the primary functions of the CDC. Created to serve the states and to answer any call for help whether routine or extraordinary, the CDC is now widely recognized as one of the world's premier public health institutions.

Epidemiology --- Public Health --- Medicine --- Health Occupations --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Epidemiology & Epidemics --- Social Epidemiology --- Epidemiologies, Social --- Epidemiology, Social --- Social Epidemiologies --- Disease --- Health Professions --- Health Occupation --- Health Profession --- Profession, Health --- Professions, Health --- Occupations --- Medical Specialities --- Medical Specialties --- Medical Specialty --- Specialities, Medical --- Specialties, Medical --- Specialty, Medical --- Medical Speciality --- Speciality, Medical --- Health Workforce --- Community Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Community --- Health, Public --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Diseases --- Public health --- History. --- history --- History --- epidemiology --- Centers for Disease Control (U.S.) --- United States. --- CDC (Centers for Disease Control (U.S.)) --- Centros de Control de Enfermedades --- Center for Disease Control --- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) --- United States --- american health. --- american politics. --- cdc. --- centers for disease control. --- communicable diseases. --- decision making. --- department of health and human services. --- disease control. --- disease prevention. --- environmental health. --- eradication. --- federal agency. --- first world war. --- food borne pathogens. --- health promotion. --- hiv virus. --- infectious diseases. --- legionnaires disease. --- malaria control unit. --- national public health institute. --- occupational safety. --- polio. --- public health. --- public safety. --- smallpox. --- united states of america. --- vaccine. --- world war.