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This book offers a comprehensive reassessment of ekphrasis: the verbal representation of visual art. Ekphrasis has been traditionally regarded as a form of paragone (competition) between word and image. This interdisciplinary collection of essays seeks to complicate this critical paradigm and proposes a more reciprocal model of ekphrasis that involves an encounter or exchange between visual and textual cultures. 0This critical and theoretical shift demands a new form of ekphrastic poetics, which is less concerned with representational and institutional struggles, and more concerned with ideas of ethics, affect and intersubjectivity. Ekphrastic encounters brings together leading scholars working in the field of word-and-image studies and offers a fresh exploration of ekphrastic texts from the Renaissance to the present day. Taken together, the chapters establish a new set of theoretical frameworks for exploring the ekphrastic encounter.

Ekphrasis. --- Art and literature. --- 20.09 art in relation with other areas of culture: other. --- Ecphrasis --- Art in literature --- Description (Rhetoric) --- Literature and art --- Literature and painting --- Literature and sculpture --- Painting and literature --- Sculpture and literature --- Aesthetics --- Literature --- Literature & Literary Studies --- LITERARY CRITICISM / General --- Ekphrasis --- Art and literature --- Affect. --- Ethics. --- Iconotext. --- Intermedial. --- Lessing. --- Representation. --- Shakespeare. --- paragone. --- ut pictura poesis.

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Dieser Band nutzt die durch Elinor Ostrom bekannt gewordene Theorie der Commons – also der Gemeingüter – für eine ganzheitliche Analyse des öffentlichen Rundfunks. Die Autorin argumentiert, dass gesellschaftliche Teilhabe, kollaborative Produktion und offener Zugang zu Inhalten, sowie Abstand zu Markt und Staat, zentral sind für die Legitimation dieser Medienorganisation im digitalen Zeitalter. Sie bespricht drei gegensätzliche Zugänge zur Theorie der Commons und die damit verbundenen «konzeptionellen Stolpersteine», dann schlägt sie 18 Merkmale vor, um Medienorganisationen als «Media Commons» zu analysieren. Anhand einer Dokumentenanalyse untersucht sie 30 öffentliche Rundfunkorganisationen – «übliche Verdächtige» wie ARD, BBC, ORF und SRG, aber auch weniger bekannte Organisationen. Die Autorin kommt zu dem Schluss, dass öffentliche Rundfunkorganisationen zwar einige, aber längst nicht alle Merkmale eines «Media Commons» aufweisen und unterschiedlich nachhaltig funktionieren. This volume uses the theory of the commons, which is often associated with Elinor Ostrom, to conduct a holistic analysis of public service broadcasting. The author argues that social participation, collaborative production and open access to content, as well as distance to markets and the state, are central to the legitimacy of this form of media organisation in the digital age. She discusses three opposing approaches to the theory of the commons and related ‘conceptual stumbling blocks’, and suggests 18 characteristics in order to analyse media organisations as ‘media commons’. By means of a document analysis, she examines 30 public service broadcasting organisations—including ‘the usual suspects’, like ARD, the BBC, ORF or SRG, but also lesser known organisations. She concludes that public service broadcasters feature some, but by no means all, of the characteristics of ‘media commons’ and that they operate with varying degrees of sustainability.

Radiodiffusion --- broadcasting --- Internet --- Public goods. --- Médias --- mass media --- Analyse comparative --- comparative analysis --- Thèses --- thesis --- teżi --- avhandling --- διατριβή --- Hochschulschrift --- väitöskirja --- kandidátská práce --- tese --- disertacija --- proefschrift --- afhandling --- дисертация --- dysertacja --- tesi --- teză --- tesis --- szakdolgozat --- temë shkencore --- diplomska naloga --- diplomski (magistarski, doktorski) rad --- väitekiri --- kandidátska práca --- теза --- дисертација --- thèse --- tēze --- értekezés --- dissertation --- дипломска работа --- disertační práce --- disertace --- докторска дисертација --- магистерска теза --- diplomamunka --- Habilitationsschrift --- teza --- diplomová práce --- magisterij --- doktorská práce --- disszertáció --- rigorózní práce --- Dissertation --- doktorsavhandling --- doktori értekezés --- disputats --- habilitační práce --- doktorat --- Doktorarbeit --- vergelijkend onderzoek --- сравнителен анализ --- võrdlev analüüs --- összehasonlító elemzés --- análisis comparativo --- lyginamoji analizė --- analiżi komparattiva --- analisi comparativa --- споредбена анализа --- komparativní analýza --- sammenlignende analyse --- analiză comparativă --- упоредна анализа --- vertaileva analyysi --- vergleichender Test --- analizë krahasuese --- análise comparativa --- analiza porównawcza --- συγκριτική ανάλυση --- salīdzinošā analīze --- primerjalna analiza --- analyse comparative --- komparatívna analýza --- jämförande analys --- poredbena analiza --- összehasonlítás --- ricerca comparativa --- comparative assessment --- lyginamasis tyrimas --- évaluation comparative --- összehasonlító kutatás --- vlerësim krahasues --- comparație --- komparatívny výskum --- упоредно истраживање --- tqabbil --- komparativna analiza --- lyginimas --- evalwazzjoni komparattiva --- jämförande utvärdering --- vertaileva arviointi --- investigação comparativa --- сравнителна оценка --- paragone --- investigación comparativa --- упоређивање --- vergleichende Analyse --- kërkim krahasues --- riċerka komparattiva --- võrdlus --- сравнение --- evaluación comparativa --- srovnávací test --- vergleichende Forschung --- krahasim --- vergelijkende analyse --- vergleichende Methoden --- salīdzinošs novērtējums --- lyginamasis įvertinimas --- sammenligning --- srovnání --- võrdlev hindamine --- összehasonlító értékelés --- võrdlusanalüüs --- poredbeno istraživanje --- συγκριτική έρευνα --- primerjalna ocena --- σύγκριση --- ocena porównawcza --- revision och utvärdering --- sammenlignende vurdering --- jämförelse --- srovnávací posouzení --- porównanie --- comparative research --- pesquisa comparativa --- srovnávací výzkum --- komparativ forskning --- búsqueda comparativa --- prestatiebeoordeling --- comparison --- vertailuanalyysi --- méthode comparative --- komparatívne hodnotenie --- cercetare comparativă --- comparação --- vergelijking --- primerjalne raziskave --- badania porównawcze --- упоредна оцена --- comparaison --- Vergleich --- vertailu --- võrdlev uurimine --- evaluare comparativă --- jämförande forskning --- komparácia --- valutazione comparativa --- srovnávací analýza --- comparación --- sammenlignende forskning --- recherche comparative --- salīdzinājums --- vergleichende Bewertung --- компаративна анализа --- vertailututkimus --- primerjava --- media masowe --- sredstva javnoga priopćavanja --- media tal-massa --- масмедия --- meios de comunicação de massas --- средства за јавно информирање --- massamedia --- mezzo di comunicazione di massa --- mediji --- масовни медији --- plašsaziņas līdzekļi --- masmédiá --- Massenmedium --- tömegmédia --- medio de comunicación de masas --- massmedier --- hromadné sdělovací prostředky --- μέσο μαζικής επικοινωνίας --- masmedia --- žiniasklaida --- joukkoviestintävälineet --- massekommunikationsmiddel --- mass-media --- moyen de communication de masse --- massiteabevahendid --- massikommunikatsioonivahendid --- sredstva javnoga informiranja --- joukkoviestimet --- masinės komunikacijos priemonės --- Massenkommunikationsmittel --- massimeediumid --- mjete të komunikimit masiv --- μίντια --- μέσο μαζικής ενημέρωσης --- мас-медиум --- tömegmédiumok --- massemedier --- medier --- média --- means of mass communication --- meios de comunicação social --- meedia --- masovokomunikačné prostriedky --- tömegtájékoztatási eszközök --- visuomenės informavimo priemonės --- Medien --- masovni mediji --- mijloace de comunicare în masă --- massacommunicatiemiddel --- médias --- veřejné sdělovací prostředky --- media --- masu informācijas līdzekļi --- масовни медиуми --- massmedia --- masmédia --- Goods, Public --- Finance, Public --- Welfare economics --- Free rider problem (Economics) --- Интернет --- internet --- internetas --- idirlíon --- internets --- интернет --- webb --- an tIdirlíon --- tīmeklis --- veeb --- faqe web --- světová počítačová síť --- svjetska računalna mreža --- web --- međumrežje --- www --- világháló --- радиопредаване --- apraide --- radioutsändning --- radiotrasmissioni --- Hörfunk --- radiospredning --- radiodifuziune --- yleisradiointi --- radiodifuzija --- radijo laidų transliavimas --- sugárzás --- vysielanie --- rozhlasové vysílání --- радиодифузија --- radiodifusión --- radioemitiranje --- ραδιοφωνία --- radiodifusão --- transmetim --- xandir --- ringhääling --- radiodiffusion --- radio --- radiouitzending --- radioprogram --- raadioringhääling --- radiodiffusione --- emisiune radiofonică --- Radio --- ραδιοφωνικό πρόγραμμα --- radijo laida --- közvetítés --- emissão radiofónica --- radio broadcast --- rozhlasové vysielanie --- radioelektrisk støj --- yleisradiolähetys --- rozhlasové zpravodajství --- vysílací program --- műsorszórás --- ραδιοφωνική εκπομπή --- trasmissione radiofonica --- rozhlas --- transmetim radio --- émission radiophonique --- rozhlasový program --- radioforstyrrelse --- programme de radiodiffusion --- műsorszolgáltatás --- rádióközvetítés --- emisión radiofónica --- rozhlasová stanice --- streaming --- Streaming --- emisión en continuo --- straumēšana --- стрийминг --- pretakanje --- voogedastus --- internetski prijenos uživo --- suoratoisto --- srautinis siuntimas --- diffusion en continu --- online közvetítés --- strömning --- transmissão em contínuo --- transmisja strumieniowa --- virtaustoisto --- streamning --- stríming --- αναπαραγωγή μέσω ροής --- streamování --- tráchtas --- mórmheáin --- Idirlíon --- craoltóireacht --- anailís chomparáideach --- valutazione analitica --- Gemeingut --- Collective Actions --- Dokumentenanalyse --- Medienregulierung --- Öffentliche Güter --- Commons --- Digitales Zeitalter --- Öffentlicher Rundfunk --- Media Governance --- Allmenden --- Kommunikation --- Journalismus

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Zusammenfassung Um auch die unbeabsichtigten Folgen ihrer Politik zu ermitteln, unternehmen Regierungen umfassende Gesetzesfolgenabschätzungen. Immer häufiger lassen sie sich dabei von unabhängigen Expertengremien kontrollieren. Doch: Wie erzielen diese Gremien Einfluss? Und welche Rolle spielen sie als Politikberater für Bürokratieabbau und bessere Rechtsetzung? Das Buch eröffnet neue Einblicke in die Entwicklungshistorie und Handlungsrealität der drei erfahrensten Normenkontrollräte in Europa. Vor dem Hintergrund unterschiedlicher Verwaltungskulturen werden die Ratstypen „Wachhund“, „Torwächter“ und „Kritischer Freund“ herausgearbeitet. Die Ergebnisse schärfen die politische und wissenschaftliche Debatte um die Leistungsfähigkeit von Normenkontrollräten. Abstract In order to calculate the unintended consequences of their policies, governments conduct comprehensive assessments of the impact of legislation. In doing so, they have independent expert committees monitor them on an increasingly frequent basis. However, in what ways do these committees have an influence in this respect? And what role do they play as policy advisors in terms of dismantling bureaucracy and better legislation? This book provides new insights into the history of the development of the three most experienced supervisory bodies in Europe and the reality of how they conduct themselves. Against the backdrop of various administrative cultures, the book presents the following types of supervisory committees in detail: ‘watchdog’, ‘gatekeeper’ and ‘critical friend’. Its findings intensify the political and academic debate on the performance and efficiency of supervisory bodies.

judicial review --- legislative procedure --- regulation --- administrative formalities --- administrative control --- simplification of legislation --- comparative analysis --- thesis --- Germany --- Netherlands --- Nyderlandų Karalystė --- Reino dos Países Baixos --- Madalmaade Kuningriik --- Holanda --- Nizozemské království --- Regatul Țărilor de Jos --- Holandské kráľovstvo --- Nizozemí --- Mbretëria e Holandës --- Краљевина Холандија --- Кралство Холандија --- Nizozemsko --- Holandë --- Koninkrijk der Nederlanden --- Holande --- Kongeriget Nederlandene --- Reino de los Países Bajos --- Alankomaiden kuningaskunta --- Hollandi Kuningriik --- Olandija --- Hollande --- Ríocht na hÍsiltíre --- Holland --- Ολλανδία --- Βασίλειο των Κάτω Χωρών --- Holland Királyság --- Hollanti --- Holandija --- Regno dei Paesi Bassi --- Кралство Нидерландия --- Kraljevina Nizozemska --- Kingdom of the Netherlands --- Holandsko --- das Königreich der Niederlande --- Konungariket Nederländerna --- Нидерландия --- ir-Renju tal-Olanda --- Olanda --- Nīderlandes Karaliste --- Królestwo Niderlandów --- Royaume des Pays-Bas --- An Ísiltír --- Nederlandene --- die Niederlande --- Alankomaat --- Κάτω Χώρες --- Hollandia --- Nyderlandai --- Paesi Bassi --- Nederländerna --- Nīderlande --- Países Baixos --- Холандия --- Nederland --- Holandia --- Nizozemska --- Țările de Jos --- Madalmaad --- l-Olanda --- Pays-Bas --- Холандија --- Países Bajos --- spolkové Německo --- Сојузна Република Германија --- Federal Republic of Germany --- West-Duitsland --- Allemagne RF --- Vācijas Federatīvā Republika --- Alemanha do Oeste --- Bondsrepubliek Duitsland --- RFA --- Germania ovest --- NSR --- Germania federale --- RFT --- Alemanha Ocidental --- Västtyskland --- ir-Repubblika Federali tal-Ġermanja --- Repubblica federale di Germania --- RFN --- BR Deutschland --- Vakarų Vokietija --- Germania occidentale --- Németországi Szövetségi Köztársaság --- Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland --- SRN --- Saksamaa Liitvabariik --- západní Německo --- Repubblica federale tedesca --- Alemania Federal --- Ομοσπονδιακή Δημοκρατία της Γερμανίας --- Alemania Occidental --- Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland --- Alemanha RF --- ФРГ --- Republika Federalna Niemiec --- Савезна Република Немачка --- Gjermania Perëndimore --- Saksan liittotasavalta --- German Federal Republic --- Savezna Republika Njemačka --- Vokietijos Federacinė Respublika --- СРН --- PCG --- ΟΔΓ --- SLV --- Alemanha Federal --- Западна Немачка --- Länsi-Saksa --- Spolková republika Nemecko --- FRG --- Duitse Bondsrepubliek --- NSZK --- Westdeutschland --- República Federal de Alemania --- Nemecká spolková republika --- Allemagne de l'Ouest --- Poblacht Chónaidhme na Gearmáine --- Lääne-Saksamaa --- die Bundesrepublik Deutschland --- Δυτική Γερμανία --- Alemania RF --- Allemagne fédérale --- Γερμανία ΟΔ --- Německá spolková republika --- VFR --- RFGJ --- República Federal da Alemanha --- západné Nemecko --- West Germany --- Vesttyskland --- Republica Federală Germania --- Федерална република Германия --- Zvezna republika Nemčija --- Západní Berlín --- BRD --- République fédérale d'Allemagne --- Ομοσπονδιακή Γερμανία --- Spolková republika Německo --- Republika Federale e Gjermanisë --- Германија --- Германия --- Duitsland --- Tyskland --- Deutschland --- Γερμανία --- Nemčija --- Njemačka --- Germania --- Allemagne --- An Ghearmáin --- Nemecko --- Niemcy --- Saksa --- Vokietija --- Németország --- il-Ġermanja --- Vācija --- Saksamaa --- Alemanha --- Alemania --- Německo --- Gjermania --- Немачка --- értekezés --- disertacija --- dissertation --- дипломска работа --- disertační práce --- disertace --- докторска дисертација --- магистерска теза --- diplomamunka --- Habilitationsschrift --- teza --- diplomová práce --- magisterij --- doktorská práce --- disszertáció --- rigorózní práce --- Dissertation --- doktorsavhandling --- doktori értekezés --- disputats --- habilitační práce --- doktorat --- Doktorarbeit --- teżi --- avhandling --- διατριβή --- Hochschulschrift --- väitöskirja --- kandidátská práce --- tese --- proefschrift --- afhandling --- tráchtas --- дисертация --- dysertacja --- tesi --- teză --- tesis --- szakdolgozat --- temë shkencore --- diplomska naloga --- diplomski (magistarski, doktorski) rad --- väitekiri --- kandidátska práca --- теза --- дисертација --- thèse --- tēze --- összehasonlítás --- ricerca comparativa --- comparative assessment --- lyginamasis tyrimas --- évaluation comparative --- összehasonlító kutatás --- vlerësim krahasues --- comparație --- komparatívny výskum --- упоредно истраживање --- tqabbil --- komparativna analiza --- lyginimas --- evalwazzjoni komparattiva --- jämförande utvärdering --- vertaileva arviointi --- investigação comparativa --- сравнителна оценка --- paragone --- investigación comparativa --- упоређивање --- vergleichende Analyse --- kërkim krahasues --- riċerka komparattiva --- võrdlus --- сравнение --- evaluación comparativa --- srovnávací test --- vergleichende Forschung --- krahasim --- vergelijkende analyse --- vergleichende Methoden --- salīdzinošs novērtējums --- lyginamasis įvertinimas --- sammenligning --- srovnání --- võrdlev hindamine --- összehasonlító értékelés --- võrdlusanalüüs --- poredbeno istraživanje --- συγκριτική έρευνα --- primerjalna ocena --- σύγκριση --- ocena porównawcza --- revision och utvärdering --- sammenlignende vurdering --- jämförelse --- srovnávací posouzení --- porównanie --- comparative research --- pesquisa comparativa --- srovnávací výzkum --- komparativ forskning --- búsqueda comparativa --- prestatiebeoordeling --- comparison --- vertailuanalyysi --- méthode comparative --- komparatívne hodnotenie --- cercetare comparativă --- comparação --- vergelijking --- primerjalne raziskave --- badania porównawcze --- упоредна оцена --- comparaison --- Vergleich --- vertailu --- võrdlev uurimine --- evaluare comparativă --- jämförande forskning --- komparácia --- valutazione comparativa --- srovnávací analýza --- comparación --- sammenlignende forskning --- recherche comparative --- salīdzinājums --- vergleichende Bewertung --- компаративна анализа --- vertailututkimus --- primerjava --- vergelijkend onderzoek --- сравнителен анализ --- võrdlev analüüs --- anailís chomparáideach --- összehasonlító elemzés --- análisis comparativo --- lyginamoji analizė --- analiżi komparattiva --- analisi comparativa --- споредбена анализа --- komparativní analýza --- sammenlignende analyse --- analiză comparativă --- упоредна анализа --- vertaileva analyysi --- vergleichender Test --- analizë krahasuese --- análise comparativa --- analiza porównawcza --- συγκριτική ανάλυση --- salīdzinošā analīze --- primerjalna analiza --- analyse comparative --- komparatívna analýza --- jämförande analys --- poredbena analiza --- likumdošanas vienkāršošana --- simplifying legislation --- zjednodušení právních předpisů --- zjednodušení práva --- įstatymų supaprastinimas --- legjislacion thjeshtues --- uproszczenie przepisów prawnych --- simplificação legislativa --- tiesību aktu vienkāršošana --- опростяване на законодателство --- zjednodušení legislativy --- απλούστευση της νομοθεσίας --- semplificazione legislativa --- simplificare legislativă --- zjednodušovanie legislatívy --- simpliú reachtaíochta --- seadusandluse lihtsustamine --- jogszabályok egyszerűsítése --- teisės aktų supaprastinimas --- поедноставување на законодавството --- simplifikazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjoni --- forenkling af lovgivningen --- lainsäädännön yksinkertaistaminen --- pojednostavljenje zakonodavstva --- vereenvoudiging van de wetgeving --- thjeshtim i legjislacionit --- förenkling av lagstiftning --- poenostavitev zakonodaje --- поједностављење законодавства --- simplificación legislativa --- Vereinfachung der Rechtsvorschriften --- simplification législative --- administratīvā kontrole --- hallinnollinen valvontamenettely --- administratief toezicht --- административен контрол --- verifica amministrativa --- správní kontrola --- administracinė kontrolė --- kontrol af offentlig myndighed --- közigazgatási ellenőrzés --- overheidstoezicht --- Kontrolle der öffentlichen Verwaltung --- správní dozor --- upravna kontrola --- správny dohľad --- upravni nadzor --- igazgatási ellenőrzés --- управна контрола --- administratīvā pārbaude --- administracinė patikra --- kontrola administracyjna --- Verwaltungskontrolle --- administrativna provjera --- rialú riaracháin --- administrativ kontrol --- administratívna kontrola --- hallinnollinen tarkastus --- kontroll amministrattiv --- control administrativ --- controlo administrativo --- административна проверка --- halduskontroll --- controllo amministrativo --- administrativ kontroll --- upravni pregled --- administratieve controle --- administrativní kontrola --- control administrativo --- kontroll administrativ --- contrôle administratif --- административна контрола --- adminisztratív ellenőrzés --- διοικητικός έλεγχος --- διοικητική απλούστευση --- burocracia --- bureaucratie --- cost al formalităților administrative --- obciążenie administracyjne --- adminisztratív költségek --- administravimo supaprastinimas --- formalități administrative --- trámite administrativo --- stroški upravnih formalnosti --- thjeshtim administrativ --- απλούστευση των διοικητικών διατυπώσεων --- coût des formalités administratives --- coste de la administración --- igazgatási költségek --- správní postupy --- zjednodušovanie administratívy --- hallinnollinen yksinkertaistaminen --- разходи за администрацията --- административнo оптерећењe --- Bürokratie --- byråkrati --- бюрокрация --- administratívna záťaž --- hallinnollinen rasitus --- piż amministrattiv --- uproszczenie procedur administracyjnych --- administracinė našta --- semplificazione amministrativa --- koszty administracyjne --- simplificare a formalităților --- byrokracie --- biurokracja --- közigazgatási eljárási követelmények --- coste administrativo --- Verwaltungsaufwand --- custo administrativo --- administracinių formalumų supaprastinimas --- upravno breme --- burokraci --- Kosten der Verwaltung --- simplificación de las formalidades administrativas --- birokrātija --- administrativní zátěž --- cost administrativ --- byrokratia --- administrative omkostninger --- simplification des formalités administratives --- halduskoormus --- трошкови администрације --- administrative simplification --- koszty formalności administracyjnych --- správní podmínky --- administratīvo formalitāšu vienkāršošana --- бирократија --- administratieve kosten --- burocrazia --- administratívne zjednodušovanie --- hallinnon yksinkertaistaminen --- uproszczenie formalności --- sarcină administrativă --- asjaajamise lihtsustamine --- κόστος της διοίκησης --- hallinnolliset kustannukset --- poenostavitev upravnih formalnosti --- avbyråkratisering --- oneri amministrativi --- spiża tal-amministrazzjoni --- coste de los trámites administrativos --- управни формалности --- förenklad förvaltning --- simplificación de los trámites administrativos --- upravna poenostavitev --- náklady na administratívu --- simplificação das formalidades administrativas --- γραφειοκρατία --- administrativ byrde --- custo das formalidades administrativas --- administrativ forenkling --- burokrazija --- costi delle formalità amministrative --- semplificazione delle formalità amministrative --- zjednodušovanie administratívnych formalít --- simplifikazzjoni amministrattiva --- административно опростяване --- bureaukrati --- thjeshtim i formaliteteve administrative --- encargos administrativos --- custo da administração --- administracinių formalumų sąnaudos --- administrativni stroški --- hallintokustannus --- ualach riaracháin --- kosto administrimi --- административна тежест --- administratieve lasten --- birokracija --- administratívne náklady --- опростяване на административните процедури --- administrationskostnader --- coût de l'administration --- biurokratija --- costi dell'amministrazione --- simplification of administrative formalities --- Verwaltungslasten --- simplificare administrativă --- asjaajamiskulud --- стойност на административните процедури --- administrativa --- közigazgatási eljárási költségek --- spiża amministrattiva --- поедноставување административни формалности --- administrative burden --- armonización de formalidades administrativas --- административни трошкови --- simplificação administrativa --- birocrație --- kosto e formaliteteve administrative --- kosto administrative --- administratívne zaťaženie --- bürokrácia --- cost of administration --- bureaucracy --- náklady na administratívne formality --- διοικητική επιβάρυνση --- administrativ börda --- bürokraatia --- simplification administrative --- administratīvās izmaksas --- hallinnon kustannukset --- administravimo išlaidos --- charge administrative --- vereenvoudiging van administratieve formaliteiten --- byrokracia --- cost of administrative formalities --- carga administrativa --- administrative cost --- igazgatás egyszerűsítése --- κόστος των διοικητικών διατυπώσεων --- поједностављење административних формалности --- förenkling av administrativa formaliteteter --- simplificación administrativa --- Kosten der administrativen Formalitäten --- stroški uprave --- administratīvais slogs --- costi amministrativi. --- formalità amministrattiva --- Vereinfachung der administrativen Formalitäten --- διοικητικό κόστος --- coût administratif --- simplifikazzjoni tal-formalitajiet amministrattivi --- coste de las formalidades administrativas --- formalidade administrativa --- hallinnolliset muodollisuudet --- administraciniai formalumai --- formalidad administrativa --- administratieve formaliteit --- administrativne formalnosti --- formalità amministrativa --- административне формалности --- formalitete administrative --- административни формалности --- administrativa formaliteter --- administratívne formality --- formalności administracyjne --- διοικητική διατύπωση --- haldusformaalsused --- közigazgatási alaki követelmények --- formalité administrative --- administrative formaliteter --- upravna formalnost --- správní formality --- administratīvās formalitātes --- formalitajiet amministrattivi --- Verwaltungsformalität --- foirmiúlachtaí riaracháin --- formalități birocratice --- forskrift --- udstedelse af forordninger --- пропис --- rechtsetzende Bestimmung --- reglamento nuostata --- saistoši noteikumi --- reglement --- myndighetsföreskrift --- bestämmelse --- regolamentazione --- määruse säte --- κανονιστική πράξη --- önkormányzati rendelet --- asetuksen säännös --- kungörelse --- regulačné ustanovenie --- regula --- nolikums --- možnost nařízení --- föreskrift --- udstedelse af bestemmelser --- rendeleti rendelkezés --- verordeningsbesluit --- disposition réglementaire --- taisyklės --- voorschrift --- acto de regulación administrativa --- bestemmelser --- disposição regulamentar --- normativa --- atto regolamentare --- kormányrendelet --- dispoziție regulamentară --- disposizione regolamentare --- регулаторен акт --- dispozitë rregullatore --- rendeletalkotás --- κανονιστική διάταξη --- acte réglementaire --- tvarka --- regulatory provision --- udstedelse af forskrifter --- ρύθμιση --- miniszteri rendelet --- rendelet --- regulamento --- noteikumi --- reglamento administrativo --- reglamentas --- nařízení --- rregullore --- forordning --- regolamento --- règlement --- förordning --- Verordnung --- asetus tai hallinnollinen määräys --- akt prawny --- regulament --- регламент --- propis --- rialachán --- nariadenie --- уредба --- regolament --- määrus --- κανονισμός --- verordening --- регулатива --- uredba --- lagstiftningsprocess --- zákonodárná procedura --- proces legislativ --- zákonodarná procedúra --- vaivém legislativo --- įstatymų leidybos būdas --- proces normotvorby --- tvorba práva --- legislativní technika --- likumdošanas tehnika --- Weg der Gesetzgebung --- zákonodárný proces --- legislatívna technika --- menetlus --- iter legislativo --- técnica legislativa --- Gesetzgebungstechnik --- legislative process --- procesi legjislativ --- номотехника --- legislativní postup --- zákonodárný postup --- legislative technique --- technique législative --- seadusandlik protsess --- νομοτεχνική επεξεργασία --- lovgivningsteknik --- processus législatif --- tecnica parlamentare --- törvényhozási eljárás --- zakonodavna procedura --- lainsäädäntöprosessi --- lainsäädäntöjärjestelmä --- постапка за донесување закон --- įstatymų leidybos procesas --- tvorba norem --- törvényhozási folyamat --- teknikë legjislative --- proceso legislativo --- normotvorba --- navette législative --- método legislativo --- tvorba zákonů --- metodo della navette --- legislativní činnost --- νομοθετικό έργο --- likumdošanas process --- zakonodavni proces --- procedurë legjislative --- wetgevende procedure --- Gesetzgebungsverfahren --- lainsäädäntömenettely --- procedimiento legislativo --- procédure législative --- νομοθετική διαδικασία --- seadusandlik menetlus --- törvényalkotási eljárás --- законодавни поступак --- законодавна постапка --- įstatymų leidyba --- zakonodajni postopek --- legislativní proces --- procedura legislativa --- likumdošanas kārtība --- nós imeachta reachtach --- procedură legislativă --- lovgivningsprocedure --- legislatívny proces --- законодателна процедура --- zakonodavni postupak --- procedura ustawodawcza --- processo legislativo --- proċedura leġiżlattiva --- lagstiftningsförfarande --- контрола од повисока судска инстанција --- soudní kontrola --- судски надзор --- tiesu iestādes veikta kontrole --- судска контрола на законитоста --- sudbeni nadzor --- δικαστικός έλεγχος --- control jurisdiccional --- controlo jurisdicional --- судска контрола --- sudska kontrola --- control jurisdicțional --- reviżjoni ġuridika --- domstolsprøvelse --- juridiskā kontrole --- sindacato giurisdizionale --- shqyrtim gjyqësor --- domstolsprövning --- управни спор --- tuomioistuinvalvonta --- contrôle juridictionnel --- юридически преглед --- kohtulik läbivaatus --- athbhreithniú breithiúnach --- rewizja --- soudní přezkum --- sodniški pregled --- súdny prieskum --- teisinė priežiūra --- rechterlijke toetsing --- bírósági felülvizsgálat --- Normenkontrolle --- valutazione analitica

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The volume gives an overview on how legislators all over the world have come up with different legal solutions for governing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and food security and provides a compact summary of the existing regulations in this field. In a comparative legal approach, a general report analyses and compares these various national and supranational legal systems. It closely follows the newest developments at the interface between genetic engineering law and food law. The emergence of a new technology usually leads to fundamental questions as to how the law should respond to it. The regulation of genetically modified organisms is a prime example, they have been discussed controversially ever since they were subject of legislation and regulation. In particular, this applies to the use of GMOs in food production. There is a variety of interesting legislations and a differentiated width of legal frameworks on international, supranational (EU) and national level to be found. The different regulations that thereby came to light are evidence of the various opinions and policies the societies and states have developed on this matter. It is this variety of regulations the volume examines, primarily on the basis of national reports that were handed in concerning the topic of genetic technology and food security at the occasion of the XIX International Congress of Comparative Law.

Biomedical Engineering --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Food --- Comparative law. --- Biotechnology --- Safety measures. --- Comparative jurisprudence --- Comparative legislation --- Jurisprudence, Comparative --- Law, Comparative --- Legislation, Comparative --- Environmental law. --- International Environmental Law. --- Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice. --- Environment law --- Environmental control --- Environmental protection --- Environmental quality --- Environmental policy --- Law --- Sustainable development --- Law and legislation --- International environmental law. --- Environmental policy. --- Environment and state --- Environmental management --- State and environment --- Environmental auditing --- International environmental law --- International law --- Common heritage of mankind (International law) --- Government policy --- food safety --- genetically modified organism --- comparative analysis --- environmental policy --- Germany --- Belgium --- Finland --- Italy --- Norway --- Ireland --- Switzerland --- America --- Canada --- Mexico --- Taiwan --- Macao --- organizëm i ndryshuar gjenetikisht --- genetički promijenjen organizam --- γενετικά τροποποιημένος οργανισμός --- organiżmu ġenetikament modifikat --- geneettisesti muunnettu organismi --- geneticky upravený organizmus --- генетично модифициран организъм --- organismo geneticamente modificato --- genetisch gemodificeerd organisme --- OGM --- genetiskt modifierad organism --- генетски модификован организам --- géntechnológiával módosított szervezet --- genetsko spremenjen organizem --- organisme génétiquement modifié --- organismo geneticamente modificado --- genetisk modificeret organisme --- genetisch veränderter Organismus --- genetiškai modifikuotas organizmas --- organism modificat genetic --- генетски модификуван организам --- geneticky modifikovaný organismus --- ģenētiski pārveidots organisms --- organismo genéticamente modificado --- geneetiliselt muundatud organism --- organizm genetycznie zmodyfikowany --- organzëm transgjenetik --- βιοτεχνολογική εφεύρεση --- ГМО --- biotechnologický vynález --- shpikje bioteknologjike --- biotechnologinis išradimas --- creación biotecnológica --- GVO --- gensplejset organisme --- invenção biotecnológica --- GGO --- organismo modificado genéticamente --- OMGJ --- GMO --- gentekniskt modifierad organism --- biotechnologische Erfindung --- genetiškai pakeistas organizmas --- organismos transgénicos --- genotyp --- organisme transgénique --- organism alterat genetic --- organismo transgenico --- génmanipulált szervezet --- invention biotechnologique --- invenție biotehnologică --- transgēns organisms --- διαγονιδιακός οργανισμός --- transgen organism --- biotechnologický objav --- transgēnu dzīvnieks --- geneetiliselt muudetud organism --- geneticky změněný organismus --- генетски модификувани микроорганизми --- gentechnisch veränderter Organismus --- ģenētiski modificēti augi --- ĢMO --- genetically altered organism --- bioteknologisk opfindelse --- organism transgenic --- biotechnologische uitvinding --- geneetiliselt modifitseeritud organism --- organismo geneticamente alterado --- genetički modificiran organizam --- genetikailag módosított szervezet --- transgenní organismus --- biotehnoloģisks izgudrojums --- GMSZ --- biotechnological invention --- ģenētiski modificēts organisms --- transgeninis organizmas --- bioteknisk uppfinning --- transzgenikus szervezet --- orgánach géinathraithe --- transgeenne organism --- geneticky pozměněný organismus --- biotehnoloogiline leiutis --- invenzione biotecnologica --- genetické upravovanie --- organismo transgénico --- biotekninen keksintö --- ГММ --- transgenic organism --- OMG --- ΓΤΟ --- transgeeninen organismi --- sicurezza degli alimenti --- bezpečnost potravin --- maisto sauga --- sábháilteacht bia --- bezpečnosť potravín --- varnost hrane --- voedselveiligheid --- siguri ushqimore --- bezpieczeństwo żywności --- безопасност на храните --- livsmedelssäkerhet --- elintarviketurvallisuus --- fødevaresikkerhed --- sécurité des aliments --- élelmiszer-biztonság --- sikurezza alimentari --- ασφάλεια των τροφίμων --- Lebensmittelsicherheit --- pārtikas nekaitīgums --- segurança dos alimentos --- sigurnost hrane --- toiduohutus --- безбедност хране --- seguridad de los alimentos --- siguranță alimentară --- безбедност на храната --- здравословност на храните --- tiesiski nesaistošie instrumenti --- sicurezza dell'alimentazione --- hygienická nezávadnosť potravín --- zdravotní nezávadnost potravin --- zdravotná nezávadnosť potravinových výrobkov --- veiligheid van voeding --- segurança da qualidade da alimentação --- inocuidade dos alimentos --- l-iġjene tal-prodotti tal-ikel --- nezávadnosť potravín --- seguridad cualitativa de la alimentación --- bezpieczeństwo produktów żywnościowych --- sécurité sanitaire des aliments --- salubridade dos produtos alimentares --- hygienická nezávadnost potravin --- veiligheid van levensmiddelen --- fødevarers sikkerhed --- ασφάλεια της ποιότητας των τροφίμων --- az élelmiszerek biztonsága --- безбедност на прехранбените производи --- υγιεινή των τροφίμων --- kopregulēšana --- salubridade dos alimentos --- toiduainete ohutus --- food product safety --- säkra livsmedel --- sigurnost prehrambenih proizvoda --- is-sikurezza tal-kwalità tal-ikel --- sikurezza tal-ikel --- toidu ohutus --- jakość i bezpieczeństwo żywności --- elintarvikkeiden turvallisuus --- maisto produktų sauga --- inocuidad de los alimentos --- ispravnosti namirnica --- segurança sanitária dos alimentos --- salubrità degli alimenti --- zdravstvena ispravnost hrane --- salubrité des aliments --- bezpieczeństwo sanitarne żywności --- segurança dos produtos alimentares --- siguria e ushqimit --- food quality safety --- siguranța calitativă a alimentelor --- veiligheid van voedsel --- siguranța alimentației --- pārtikas produktu nekaitīgums --- maisto produktų saugumas --- maisto produktų sveikumas --- salubritatea alimentelor --- υγιεινή των προΪόντων διατροφής --- безвредност на хранителните продукти --- innocuité des aliments --- хранителна безопасност --- is-sikurezza tal-prodotti tal-ikel --- безопасност на хранителните продукти --- maisto sanitarija --- salubritatea produselor alimentare --- Lebensmittelunschädlichkeit --- inocuidad de los productos alimenticios --- siguranța alimentelor --- inocuitatea alimentelor --- inocuidade dos produtos alimentares --- sicurezza dei prodotti alimentari --- varnost živil --- innocuité des produits alimentaires --- salubrité des produits alimentaires --- salubrità dei prodotti alimentari --- nezávadnost potravin --- zdravstvena ispravnost prehrambenih proizvoda --- hygienická nezávadnosť potravinových výrobkov --- Lebensmittelunbedenklichkeit --- pārtikas produktu higiēna --- ασφάλεια τροφίμων --- ασφάλεια των προϊόντων διατροφής --- turvalliset elintarvikkeet --- sécurité qualitative de l'alimentation --- salubridad de los productos alimenticios --- inocuitatea produselor alimentare --- veiligheid van voedingsmiddelen --- bezpieczeństwo produktów spożywczych --- sigurnost kvalitete hrane --- safety of food --- salubridad de los alimentos --- zdravotná nezávadnosť potravín --- pārtikas kvalitātes drošums --- sikkerhed for fødevarekvalitet --- brīvprātīga regulēšana --- Taiwán --- Ταϊβάν --- Тајван --- An Téaváin --- it-Tajwan --- Taïwan --- Taivāna --- Tajvan --- Taivanas --- Tajvani --- Tajwan --- Тайван --- Tchaj-wan --- República da China (Taiwan) --- Republiek China (Taiwan) --- República China (Taiwán) --- Republik China (Taiwan) --- Formoza --- Kínai Köztársaság (Tajvan) --- Republiken Kina (Taiwan) --- Republika Kina na Tajvanu --- Republika Kitajska (Tajvan) --- Ķīnas Republika (Taivāna) --- Formosa --- Kinijos Respublika (Taivanas) --- Republikken Kina (Taiwan) --- Poblacht na Síne (an Téaváin) --- Repubblica di Cina (Taiwan) --- Формоза --- Δημοκρατία της Κίνας (Ταϊβάν) --- Republica Chineză (Taiwan) --- ir-Repubblika taċ Ċina (it-Tajwan) --- Formóza --- Китайска република (Тайван) --- Čínská republika (Tchaj-wan) --- Republic of China (Taiwan) --- Čínska republika (Taiwan) --- Republika e Kinës --- République de Chine (Taïwan) --- Φορμόζα --- Republika Chi´nska (Tajwan) --- Formose --- Република Кина (Тајван) --- México --- Мексико --- Meksiko --- Messico --- Mehhiko --- Mexic --- Μεξικό --- il-Messiku --- Mexiko --- Mexikó --- Meksyk --- Meksika --- Mexique --- Mehika --- Meicsiceo --- Stati Uniti messicani --- Mehhiko Ühendriigid --- United Mexican States --- Shtetet e Bashkuara Meksikane --- l-Istati Uniti Messikani --- Estados Unidos Mexicanos --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες του Μεξικού --- Spojené státy mexické --- Statele Unite Mexicane --- Mexikói Egyesült Államok --- Mexikos förenta stater --- États-Unis du Mexique --- die Vereinigten Mexikanischen Staaten --- Meksikon yhdysvallat --- Meksikos Jungtinės Valstijos --- Meksykańskie Stany Zjednoczone --- Sjedinjene Meksičke Države --- États-Unis mexicains --- Združene mehiške države --- Verenigde Mexicaanse Staten --- De Forenede Mexicanske Stater --- Соединети Мексикански Држави --- Meksikas Savienotās Valstis --- Spojené štáty mexické --- Сједињене Мексичке Државе --- Мексикански съединени щати --- Kanada --- Канада --- Kanāda --- il-Kanada --- Ceanada --- Καναδάς --- Canadá --- Terre-Neuve --- Њуфаундленд --- Квебек --- Νέα Γη --- Nový Foundland --- Njufaundlend --- Niufaundlandas --- Terra Nova --- Κεμπέκ --- Terranova --- New-Foundland --- Quebec --- Kebeku --- Kvebekas --- Quebeque --- Új-Fundland --- Newfoundland --- Neufundland --- Québec --- Amerikka --- Ameryka --- América --- Ameerika --- Америка --- Amerika --- Amérique --- Αμερική --- Amerikos šalys --- Amerikan maat --- αμερικανικές χώρες --- país americano --- amerikanska länder --- americké krajiny --- vende amerikane --- americké státy --- American countries --- amerikai országok --- țări americane --- американски држави --- países da América --- país de América --- paesi americani --- Ameerika riigid --- Amerikaanse landen --- pays d'Amérique --- Länder Amerikas --- Svizzera --- Elveția --- Suisse --- Швајцарија --- Šveits --- Швајцарска --- Švajčiarsko --- Schweiz --- An Eilvéis --- Suiza --- Швейцария --- Švica --- Šveice --- Sveitsi --- Švicarska --- Zvicra --- die Schweiz --- Szwajcaria --- Švýcarsko --- Suíça --- Šveicarija --- Ελβετία --- Svájc --- Zwitserland --- Sveitsin valaliitto --- Švicarska konfederacija --- Šveicarijos Konfederacija --- Konfederata Helvetike --- Хелветска Конфедерација --- Confederação Helvética --- Хелвеција --- Confédération suisse --- Helveetsia --- Šveitsi Konföderatsioon --- Švajčiarska konfederácia --- Švicarska Konfederacija --- die Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft --- Confederación Helvética --- Confederazione elvetica --- Šveices Savienība --- Schweiziska edsförbundet --- Ελβετική Συνομοσπονδία --- Confederazione svizzera --- Det Schweiziske Forbund --- Švýcarská konfederace --- Helvetic Confederation --- Svájci Államszövetség --- Конфедерация Швейцария --- Švýcarské spříseženectvo --- Swiss Confederation --- Švýcarská republika --- Швајцарска Конфедерација --- Konfederacja Szwajcarska --- Confederația Elvețiană --- Zwitserse Bondsstaat --- Konfederata Zvicerane --- Confédération helvétique --- Šveices Konfederācija --- Helvetische Confederatie --- Helvétská konfederace --- Confederação Suíça --- Írsko --- Ирска --- Irlanti --- Éire --- Irland --- Írország --- Īrija --- Ierland --- Irlande --- Ιρλανδία --- Irska --- Irlanda --- Iirimaa --- Ирландия --- Irsko --- Irlandia --- l-Irlanda --- Airija --- Republika Irska --- jižní Irsko --- Southern Ireland --- Ейре --- Irlanda de Sud --- južné Írsko --- Etelä-Irlanti --- Ejre --- Airijos Respublika --- Pietų Airija --- Republica Irlanda --- Lõuna-Iirimaa --- Eire --- Irlanda Jugore --- Република Ирска --- Норвешка --- Norja --- Norvégia --- in-Norveġja --- Норвегия --- Noorwegen --- Norvège --- Norwegia --- Norwegen --- Nórsko --- Norvegija --- Norvegjia --- Norvēģija --- Norvegia --- Νορβηγία --- Noruega --- Norra --- An Iorua --- Norge --- Norveška --- Norsko --- Кралство Норвегия --- Royaume de Norvège --- Norjan kuningaskunta --- Królestwo Norwegii --- Reino de Noruega --- Norra Kuningriik --- ir-Renju tan-Norveġja --- Kraljevina Norveška --- Norvég Királyság --- Kongeriget Norge --- Regno di Norvegia --- Nórske kráľovstvo --- Mbretëria e Norvegjisë --- Kingdom of Norway --- Кралство Норвешка --- Norvegijos Karalystė --- Краљевина Норвешка --- Norské království --- Koninkrijk Noorwegen --- das Königreich Norwegen --- Reino da Noruega --- Regatul Norvegiei --- Konungariket Norge --- Norvēģijas Karaliste --- Βασίλειο της Νορβηγίας --- Taliansko --- Itália --- Италија --- Italia --- Italien --- Włochy --- An Iodáil --- Itálie --- Itālija --- Ιταλία --- l-Italja --- Olaszország --- Italië --- Italie --- Itaalia --- Italija --- Италия --- Republika Włoska --- República Italiana --- Италианска република --- Olasz Köztársaság --- Republika e Italisë --- Talijanska Republika --- Italian Republic --- Itaalia Vabariik --- Italian tasavalta --- Repubblica italiana --- Itālijas Republika --- ir-Repubblika Taljana --- Italijos Respublika --- Republica Italiană --- Италијанска Република --- Italijanska republika --- Italská republika --- République italienne --- Talianska republika --- Република Италија --- Italiaanse Republiek --- die Italienische Republik --- Republiken Italien --- Den Italienske Republik --- Ιταλική Δημοκρατία --- An Fhionlainn --- Soome --- Suomija --- il-Finlandja --- Finlande --- Finlândia --- Finnland --- Fínsko --- Финландия --- Somija --- Suomi --- Φινλανδία --- Finsko --- Финска --- Finnország --- Finlanda --- Finlandia --- Finska --- Finn Köztársaság --- Suomijos Respublika --- Φιλλανδία --- République de Finlande --- Republika Finska --- Republica Finlanda --- Republiek Finland --- Република Финландия --- ir-Repubblika tal-Finlandja --- Suomen tasavalta --- Fínska republika --- Republika Finlandii --- Republika e Finlandës --- Finská republika --- República de Finlandia --- Republiken Finland --- Repubblica di Finlandia --- República da Finlândia --- Soome Vabariik --- Somijas Republika --- Republic of Finland --- Δημοκρατία της Φινλανδίας --- Republikken Finland --- die Republik Finnland --- Република Финска --- Bélgica --- Belgija --- Belgique --- Belgien --- Belgie --- Belgicko --- België --- Beļģija --- Белгија --- Belgio --- Белгия --- Belgia --- il-Belġju --- An Bheilg --- Βέλγιο --- Belgjika --- Belgia Kuningriik --- Beļģijas Karaliste --- Royaume de Belgique --- Belgian kuningaskunta --- Belgické kráľovstvo --- Koninkrijk België --- Belgijos Karalystė --- das Königreich Belgien --- Βασίλειο του Βελγίου --- Kingdom of Belgium --- Кралство Белгија --- Краљевина Белгија --- Belgické království --- Reino de Bélgica --- ir-Renju tal-Belġju --- Regatul Belgiei --- Kongeriget Belgien --- Кралство Белгия --- Mbretëria e Belgjikës --- Belga Királyság --- Królestwo Belgii --- Konungariket Belgien --- Reino da Bélgica --- Kraljevina Belgija --- Regno del Belgio --- Германија --- Германия --- Duitsland --- Tyskland --- Deutschland --- Γερμανία --- Nemčija --- Njemačka --- Germania --- Allemagne --- An Ghearmáin --- Nemecko --- Niemcy --- Saksa --- Vokietija --- Németország --- il-Ġermanja --- Vācija --- Saksamaa --- Alemanha --- Alemania --- Německo --- Gjermania --- Немачка --- spolkové Německo --- Сојузна Република Германија --- Federal Republic of Germany --- West-Duitsland --- Allemagne RF --- Vācijas Federatīvā Republika --- Alemanha do Oeste --- Bondsrepubliek Duitsland --- RFA --- Germania ovest --- NSR --- Germania federale --- RFT --- Alemanha Ocidental --- Västtyskland --- ir-Repubblika Federali tal-Ġermanja --- Repubblica federale di Germania --- RFN --- BR Deutschland --- Vakarų Vokietija --- Germania occidentale --- Németországi Szövetségi Köztársaság --- Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland --- SRN --- Saksamaa Liitvabariik --- západní Německo --- Repubblica federale tedesca --- Alemania Federal --- Ομοσπονδιακή Δημοκρατία της Γερμανίας --- Alemania Occidental --- Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland --- Alemanha RF --- ФРГ --- Republika Federalna Niemiec --- Савезна Република Немачка --- Gjermania Perëndimore --- Saksan liittotasavalta --- German Federal Republic --- Savezna Republika Njemačka --- Vokietijos Federacinė Respublika --- СРН --- PCG --- ΟΔΓ --- SLV --- Alemanha Federal --- Западна Немачка --- Länsi-Saksa --- Spolková republika Nemecko --- FRG --- Duitse Bondsrepubliek --- NSZK --- Westdeutschland --- República Federal de Alemania --- Nemecká spolková republika --- Allemagne de l'Ouest --- Poblacht Chónaidhme na Gearmáine --- Lääne-Saksamaa --- die Bundesrepublik Deutschland --- Δυτική Γερμανία --- Alemania RF --- Allemagne fédérale --- Γερμανία ΟΔ --- Německá spolková republika --- VFR --- RFGJ --- República Federal da Alemanha --- západné Nemecko --- West Germany --- Vesttyskland --- Republica Federală Germania --- Федерална република Германия --- Zvezna republika Nemčija --- Západní Berlín --- BRD --- République fédérale d'Allemagne --- Ομοσπονδιακή Γερμανία --- Spolková republika Německo --- Republika Federale e Gjermanisë --- aplinkos politika --- vides politika --- milieubeleid --- Umweltpolitik --- keskkonnapoliitika --- política do ambiente --- екологична политика --- okoljska politika --- polityka ochrony środowiska --- politika ambjentali --- политика заштите животне средине --- politica mediului înconjurător --- politika životného prostredia --- környezetvédelmi politika --- miljöpolitik --- politique de l'environnement --- politika okoliša --- politica ambientale --- política de medio ambiente --- politikë mjedisore --- miljøpolitik --- περιβαλλοντική πολιτική --- политика за животна средина --- ympäristöpolitiikka --- environmentální politika --- miljøstyring --- starostlivosť o životné prostredie --- gestion de l'environnement --- política medioambiental --- gestione dell'ambiente --- política ambiental --- ochrana a tvorba životního prostředí --- upravljanje okolišem --- politica dell'ambiente --- menaxhim mjedisor --- ympäristöjohtaminen --- vides apsaimniekošana --- környezetpolitika --- miljöförvaltning --- Umweltpflege --- διαχείριση του περιβάλλοντος --- gospodarenje okolišem --- managementul mediului --- környezetgazdálkodás --- a környezet gondozása --- politika ochrany životního prostředí --- keskkonnajuhtimine --- politika na ochranu životního prostředí --- péče o životní prostředí --- gestión del medio ambiente --- politica in materia di ambiente --- environmental management --- aplinkos valdymas --- Umweltschutzpolitik --- gestão do ambiente --- milieubeheer --- vergelijkend onderzoek --- сравнителен анализ --- võrdlev analüüs --- összehasonlító elemzés --- análisis comparativo --- lyginamoji analizė --- analiżi komparattiva --- analisi comparativa --- споредбена анализа --- komparativní analýza --- sammenlignende analyse --- analiză comparativă --- упоредна анализа --- vertaileva analyysi --- vergleichender Test --- analizë krahasuese --- análise comparativa --- analiza porównawcza --- συγκριτική ανάλυση --- salīdzinošā analīze --- primerjalna analiza --- analyse comparative --- komparatívna analýza --- jämförande analys --- poredbena analiza --- összehasonlítás --- ricerca comparativa --- comparative assessment --- lyginamasis tyrimas --- évaluation comparative --- összehasonlító kutatás --- vlerësim krahasues --- comparație --- komparatívny výskum --- упоредно истраживање --- tqabbil --- komparativna analiza --- lyginimas --- evalwazzjoni komparattiva --- jämförande utvärdering --- vertaileva arviointi --- investigação comparativa --- сравнителна оценка --- paragone --- investigación comparativa --- упоређивање --- vergleichende Analyse --- kërkim krahasues --- riċerka komparattiva --- võrdlus --- сравнение --- evaluación comparativa --- srovnávací test --- vergleichende Forschung --- krahasim --- vergelijkende analyse --- vergleichende Methoden --- salīdzinošs novērtējums --- lyginamasis įvertinimas --- sammenligning --- srovnání --- võrdlev hindamine --- összehasonlító értékelés --- võrdlusanalüüs --- poredbeno istraživanje --- συγκριτική έρευνα --- primerjalna ocena --- σύγκριση --- ocena porównawcza --- revision och utvärdering --- sammenlignende vurdering --- jämförelse --- srovnávací posouzení --- porównanie --- comparative research --- pesquisa comparativa --- srovnávací výzkum --- komparativ forskning --- búsqueda comparativa --- prestatiebeoordeling --- comparison --- vertailuanalyysi --- méthode comparative --- komparatívne hodnotenie --- cercetare comparativă --- comparação --- vergelijking --- primerjalne raziskave --- badania porównawcze --- упоредна оцена --- comparaison --- Vergleich --- vertailu --- võrdlev uurimine --- evaluare comparativă --- jämförande forskning --- komparácia --- valutazione comparativa --- srovnávací analýza --- comparación --- sammenlignende forskning --- recherche comparative --- salīdzinājums --- vergleichende Bewertung --- компаративна анализа --- vertailututkimus --- primerjava --- Il-Makaw --- Μακάο --- Makaó --- Makau --- Makao --- Macau --- Макао --- Ķīnas Tautas Republikas Makao Īpašās pārvaldes apgabals --- il-Makaw SAR --- Hiina Rahvavabariigi Macau erihalduspiirkond --- Macao (China) --- die Sonderverwaltungsregion Macau der Volksrepublik China --- Speciale Administratieve Regio Macau --- RAE de Macau --- Специален административен район на Китайската народна република Макао --- SAR Macau --- Macao (Kina) --- Makaó (Kína) --- Folkerepublikken Kina Særlige Administrative Område Macao --- ΕΔΠ του Μακάο --- Макао (Китай) --- Rajoni i Posaçëm Administrativ i Makaos --- Makaó KKT --- Kiinan kansantasavallan erityishallintoalue Macao --- Regione amministrativa speciale di Macao della Repubblica Popolare Cinese --- Ειδική Διοικητική Περιοχή Μακάο της Λαϊκής Δημοκρατίας της Κίνας --- Hiina Rahvavabariigi Aomeni erihalduspiirkond --- Makao (Ķīna) --- Makao īpašās pārvaldes apgabals --- Reġjun Amministrattiv Speċjali ta' Macau tar-Repubblika tal-Popolari taċ-Ċina --- ειδική διοικητική περιοχή του Μακάο --- Det Særlige Administrative Område Macao --- Macau (China) --- Makau (Chiny) --- Regiunea administrativă specială Macao a Republicii Populare Chineze --- Sainréigiún Riaracháin Macao --- Makao (Kinija) --- RAS Macao --- Посебна управна област НР Кине Макао --- Osobitná administratívna oblasť Macao Čínskej ľudovej republikyo --- Región Administrativa Especial de Macao --- RPA-ja e Makaos --- il-Makaw (iċ-Ċina) --- Macao (Čína) --- САР Макао --- Macao (Cina) --- Macau (Hiina) --- Μακάο (Κίνα) --- Región Administrativa Especial de Macao de la República Popular China --- Макао (Кина) --- Macao (Chine) --- A Kínai Népköztársaság Makaói Különleges Közigazgatási Területe --- Macao Special Administrative Region --- den särskilda administrativa regionen Macao --- Zvláštní administrativní oblast Macao --- Regiunea Administrativă Specială Macao --- ir-Reġjun Amministrattiv Speċjali tal-Makaw --- Specjalny Region Administracyjny Makau Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej --- Posebno upravno območje Ljudske republike Kitajske Macao --- Regione amministrativa speciale di Macao --- Região Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China --- Folkrepubliken Kinas särskilda administrativa region Macao --- RAS de Macao --- Speciale Administratieve Regio Macau van de Volksrepubliek China --- Posebno upravno območje --- Ypatingasis Administracinis Kinijos Regionas Makao --- RAS di Macao --- Специјален Автономен Регион Макао --- Macao (Kitajska) --- Zvláštní administrativní oblast Číny Macao --- die Sonderverwaltungsregion Macau --- Região Administrativa Especial de Macau --- ПАР Макао --- Полуостров Макао --- OAO Macao --- Zvláštní administrativní oblast Čínské lidové republiky Macao --- région administrative spéciale de Macao de la République populaire de Chine --- Aomiņa --- Macaon erityishallintoalue --- Makaó Különleges Közigazgatási Terület --- Macao SAR --- Макао Специјална Административна Регија Народне Републике Кине --- Specjalny Region Administracyjny Makau --- Osobitná administratívna oblasť Macao --- Posebna upravna regija Makao --- Macao (Kiina) --- Aomen --- Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China --- RAE de Macao --- région administrative spéciale de Macao --- PUO Macao --- Посебен Автономен Регион Макао --- ZAO Macao --- orgánach géinmhodhnaithe --- Meiriceá --- beartas comhshaoil --- anailís chomparáideach --- valutazione analitica