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Can Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) and Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) find common ground? A distinguished historian of medicine, John S. Haller Jr., explores the epistemological foundations of EBM and the challenges these conceptual tools present for both conventional and alternative therapies. As he explores a possible reconciliation between their conflicting approaches, Haller maintains a healthy, scientific skepticism yet finds promise in select complementary and alternative (CAM) therapies. Haller elucidates recent research on the placebo effect and shows how a new engagement between EBM and CAM might lead to a more productive medical practice that includes both the objectivity of evidence-based medicine and the subjective truth of the physician-patient relationship. Haller's book tours key topics in the standoff between EBM and CAM: how and why the double blinded, randomized clinical trial (RCT) came to be considered the gold standard in modern medicine; the challenge of postmodern medicine as it counters the positivism of evidence-based medicine; and the politics of modern CAM and the rise of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. He conducts an in-depth case study of homeopathy, explaining why it has emerged as a poster-child for CAM, and assesses CAM's popularity despite its poor performance in clinical trials. Haller concludes with hope, showing how new experimental protocols might tease out the evidentiary basis for the placebo effect and establish a foundation for some reconciliation between EBM and CAM.
Alternative medicine --- Placebos (Medicine) --- Therapeutics --- Medicine and psychology
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Clinical trials of medicinal products on human subjects are a balancing act between the protection of the study participant and the preservation of his dignity on the one hand and the constant striving for medical progress on the other hand. This applies likewise to the control group as an essential part of every clinical testing of pharmaceuticals without which no drug will receive marketing authorisation in Germany by the competent authorities. Nevertheless, significant gaps in the German legislation concerning this matter still remain as the German legislator has yet to implement any specific rules with regard to the handling and management of the control group in clinical trials. In view of this unsettled legal situation, the author critically analyses the core of the problem areas in this field's current research practice and creates solutions reflecting the interests of the study participant as well as the practical needs of medical research. Only legal clarity regarding the control group can provide for the safety that is crucial in this field of tension between ethics, medicine and the law.
Placebos (Medicine) --- Clinical trials --- Law --- Law and legislation.
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Daniel Moerman presents an innovative and enlightening discussion of human reaction to the meaning of medical treatment. Traditionally, the effectiveness of medical treatments is attributed to specific elements, such as drugs or surgical procedures, but many things happen in medicine which simply cannot be accounted for in this way. The same drug can work differently when presented in different colours; drugs with widely advertised names can work better than the same drug without the name; inert drugs (placebos, dummies) often have dramatic effects on people (the 'placebo effect'); and effects can vary hugely among different European countries where the 'same' medical condition is understood differently, or has different meanings. This is true for surgery as well as for internal medicine. This lively 2002 book reviews and analyses these matters in lucid, straightforward prose, guiding the reader through a very complex body of literature, leaving nothing unexplained but avoiding any over-simplification.
Healing --- Placebos (Medicine). --- Hulpwetenschappen --- Psychological aspects. --- medische wetenschappen. --- Placebos (Medicine) --- Therapeutics --- Medicine and psychology --- Social Sciences --- Anthropology
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The role that the placebo effect plays in many treatments is clear: it not only plays a complimentary role in most treatments but it can sometimes be the only benefit of treatment. Brain imaging studies over the past decade have shown that placebo-treated patients undergo some of the same changes in brain activity as those treated with pharmacologically active substances. Yet this important component of healing is not yet harnessed in clinical settings. The Placebo Effect in Clinical Practice brings together what we know about the mechanisms behind the placebo response, as well as the procedur
Placebos (Medicine) --- Therapeutics. --- Medical treatment --- Therapy --- Treatment of diseases --- Treatments for diseases --- Clinical medicine --- Therapeutics --- Medicine and psychology --- Therapeutic use.
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Placebo and Pain enhances readers' knowledge about placebo and nocebo effects, reexamines the methodology of clinical trials, and improves the therape
Pain. --- Placebos (Medicine) --- Pain --- Analgesia. --- Placebos --- Pain Management. --- Placebo Effect. --- Treatment. --- therapeutic use. --- Pain -- Treatment. --- Placebos (Medicine). --- Analgesia --- Therapeutics --- Effect Modifiers (Epidemiology) --- Pharmaceutical Preparations --- Anesthesia and Analgesia --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Epidemiologic Factors --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Quality of Health Care --- Public Health --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Environment and Public Health --- Health Care --- Placebo Effect --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Medicine --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Pathology --- Treatment --- Medicine and psychology --- Pain Management
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This book discusses the role of placebos and nocebos in the treatment of headache disorders. These disorders are usually treatable, but safety and tolerability issues mean that available preventive treatments have often limited success, even in the right hands – one in five patients treated with a migraine preventive pharmaceutical agent discontinues treatment for those reasons. The nocebo effect plays a role here, with patients’ negative expectation and previous unpleasant treatment experiences creating negative belief in the treatment’s benefits and safety, which in turn limits treatment outcomes and adherence significantly. In RCTs on migraine prevention, one in 20 patients treated with a placebo discontinued treatment because of adverse events, indicating a considerable nocebo effect; the fewer potential adverse events described in the consent form, the smaller the nocebo effect. As such, physicians treating headache sufferers should acknowledge nocebo as a significant cofactor for treatment adherence and failure, and plan techniques to limit the effects, such as patient education and close follow-up. This highly informative and painstakingly presented book provides scientific insights for professionals and scholars with an interest in internal medicine, neurology and pain medicine. .
Internal medicine. --- Neurology. --- Pain Medicine. --- Internal Medicine. --- Placebos (Medicine) --- Headache --- Treatment. --- Therapeutics --- Medicine and psychology --- Medicine --- Nervous system --- Neuropsychiatry --- Medicine, Internal --- Diseases --- Algiatry --- Neurology . --- Pain medicine.
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Medicine and psychology. --- Hope --- Placebo (Medicine) --- Sick --- Mental healing. --- Mind and body. --- Placebos. --- Mental Healing. --- Emotions --- Behavioral medicine --- Psychology and medicine --- Psychology, Applied --- Sham Treatment --- Mind-Body Therapies --- Healing, Mental --- Religion --- Body and mind --- Body and soul (Philosophy) --- Human body --- Mind --- Mind-body connection --- Mind-body relations --- Mind-cure --- Somatopsychics --- Brain --- Dualism --- Philosophical anthropology --- Holistic medicine --- Mental healing --- Parousia (Philosophy) --- Phrenology --- Psychophysiology --- Self --- Absent treatment --- Health thoughts --- Psychic healing --- Alternative medicine --- Healing --- Parapsychology --- Mind and body --- Therapeutics, Suggestive --- Diseases --- Illness behavior --- Sick role --- Medicine and psychology --- Psychological aspects. --- Psychology. --- Psychological aspects --- Mind-Bdy Relations, Meetaphysical. --- Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical. --- Placebos (Medicine)
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This book provides a perspective on the concepts placebo and placebo effects, which has been missing so far: a detailed analysis of the history of the terms, their current use, suggested alternatives and the implications of the conceptual confusion. Everybody knows something about placebos and placebo effects. If, however, people are asked to define the concepts, the spectrum becomes wide. Does 'placebo' refer to an inert treatment or does it cover all elements of the patient-physician-interaction except for pharmacological or other physiological mechanisms? Furthermore, if, by definition, a placebo has no effect, what sense does it make to talk about a 'placebo effect'? Even in scientific literature the concepts ‘placebo’ and ‘placebo effect’ are used in many senses and often in a confusing way. While this book discusses many issues which keep puzzling physicians, it also covers the historical developments of the concepts of placebo and placebo effect as well as the conceptual confusion in the definitions. This book is intended for physicians, philosophers, psychologists and any other people interested in placebos, placebo effects and the physician-patient relationship.
Placebos (Medicine). --- Physician and patient. --- Bioethics. --- Medical ethics. --- History. --- Theory of Medicine/Bioethics. --- History of Science. --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Biology --- Life sciences --- Life sciences ethics --- Science --- Moral and ethical aspects
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Due to the recent explosion of placebo research at many levels the Editors believe that a volume on Placebo would be a good addition to the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology series. In particular, this volume will be built up on a meeting on Placebo which will be held in Tuebingen (Germany) in January 2013, and where the most prominent researchers in this field will present and exchange their ideas. The authors who will be invited to write chapters for this volume will be the very same speakers at this meeting, thus guaranteeing high standard and excellence in the topic that will be treated. The approach of the book is mainly pharmacological, including basic research and clinical trials, and the contents range from different medical conditions and systems, such as pain and the immune system, to different experimental approaches, like in vivo receptor binding and pharmacological/behavioral conditioning. Overall, the volume will give an idea of modern placebo research, of timely concepts in both experimental and clinical pharmacology, as well as of modern methods and tools in neuroscience.
Placebos (Medicine) --- Therapeutics --- Medicine and psychology --- Toxicology. --- Neurosciences. --- Medicine. --- Pain Medicine. --- Psychiatry. --- Psychopharmacology. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Medicine/Public Health, general. --- Behavioral pharmacology --- Drugs --- Chemotherapy --- Pharmacology --- Psychotropic drugs --- Mental health --- Psychology, Pathological --- Medicine --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Nervous system --- Chemicals --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Psychotropic effects --- Toxicology --- Health Workforce --- Pharmacology. --- Pain medicine. --- Algiatry --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect
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A significantly expanded third edition, this book provides a comprehensive and concise overview of cardiac arrhythmias and their ECG/telemetry manifestations, including the principles of cardiac electrophysiology, current concepts of pharmacology, clinical features, diagnoses, and state-of-the-art treatments. Additionally, the book emphasizes decision-making strategies in approaching each individual patient and the application of technical innovations in specific clinical situations. Organized into eight parts, beginning chapters introduce the concepts and principles of cardiac electrophysiology, unique rhythms, and ECG waves/signs. These chapters are designed to integrate emerging knowledge in basic science and clinical medicine. Subsequent chapters focus on the diagnosis of a variety of cardiac arrhythmias using non-invasive methodology. Throughout the book, chapters continue to analyze pharmacological and other approaches to therapy of specific arrhythmias, including supraventricular tachycardias, atrial fibrillation and flutter, ventricular arrhythmias, and bradyarrhythmias. Finally, the book closes with coverage on inherited cardiac arrhythmia syndromes including the long, short QT, and J-wave syndromes, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. The third edition of Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias, is an essential resource for physicians, residents, fellows, and medical students in cardiology, cardiac surgery, vascular surgery, cardiac electrophysiology, and cardiac radiology.
Cardiology. --- Cardiac surgery. --- Cardiac Surgery. --- Cardiac surgery --- Heart --- Open-heart surgery --- Internal medicine --- Diseases --- Surgery --- Surgery. --- Arrítmia --- Farmacologia clínica --- Cardiologia --- Electrocardiografia --- ECG --- EKG --- Electrodiagnòstic --- Electrofisiologia --- Fonocardiografia --- Medicina interna --- Anestèsia en cardiologia --- Cardiologia geriàtrica --- Cardiologia pediàtrica --- Cardiologia veterinària --- Medicina intensiva en cardiologia --- Malalties cardiovasculars --- Malalties del cor --- Malalties vasculars --- Efecte dels medicaments en els éssers humans --- Efectes dels medicaments en els éssers humans --- Farmacologia --- Medicina clínica --- Assaigs clínics de medicaments --- Farmacologia experimental --- Placebos --- Farmacoepidemiologia --- Arítmia --- Al·lorítmia --- Trastorns del ritme cardíac --- Batecs cardíacs --- Aleteig auricular --- Fibril·lació auricular --- Fibril·lació ventricular --- Taquicàrdia --- Antiarrítmics cardíacs
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