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Following Fernand Braudel's Méditerranée, historians interpreted the Mediterranean, Baltic, Atlantic, Indian Ocean or Pacific as closed maritime systems, consisting of multiple micro-environments. This essay seeks to overcome these limited perspectives and to examine, how the various seas and oceans were connected by the Vikings, the Cairo Genizah merchants and the Italian trading companies of the Middle Ages. The second part of my article "Connected Seas" examines the perception and memory of the seas as an element of maritime connectivity. It introduces the concept of realm of memory (lieu de mémoire) into maritime history and tests it in four case studies on the Sound, the Straits of Gibraltar, the Dardanelles and the Straits of Malacca.
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Norse history comes alive in this story of a Viking who became a king. Though he had a humble start in life-orphaned as a child and sold into slavery-Olaf became known for bringing the Roman Catholic religion to the early Norwegians. Olaf's heroic life-from his time in King Valdemar's court to his Viking exploits and battles to his ascension to the throne of his native land-has been heralded in Icelandic sagas. These provided the inspiration for nineteenth-century author Robert Leighton's historical novel of Middle Age valor and glory.
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Henrik Ibsen (20th March, 1828 - 23rd May, 1906) is often referred to as the father of realism and ranked just below Shakespeare as Europe's greatest ever playwright especially as his plays are performed most frequently throughout the world after Shakespeare's. He was Norwegian and although set his plays in Norway, he wrote them in Danish and lived most of his professional life in Italy and Germany. His affect on the theatre is still evident today and shapes the distinction of plays being art as opposed to entertainment since he broke down all previous traditions and explored issues, developed characterisation, revealed uncomfortable truths, challenged assumptions and brokedown facades in ourselves as well as society. These factors are clearly demonstrated in The Vikings of Helgeland, another of Ibsen's historical tragedies. The play takes place in the tenth century, during the time of Erik Blood-Axe in northern Norway when the country was becoming Christian and the influence of the Old Norse Sagas was diminishing. Ornulf and his seven sons are seeking their abducted sisters but tragedy awaits them in Ibsen's fine play.
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In the ninth century, Vikings carried out raids on the Christian north and Muslim south of the Iberian peninsula (modern Spain and Portugal), going on to attack North Africa, southern Francia and Italy and perhaps sailing as far as Byzantium. A century later, Vikings killed a bishop of Santiago de Compostela and harried the coasts of al-Andalus. Most of the raids after this date were small in scale, but several heroes of the Old Norse sagas were said to have raided in the peninsula. These Vikings have been only a footnote to the history of the Viking Age. Many stories about their activities survive only in elaborate versions written centuries after the event, and in Arabic. This book reconsiders the Arabic material as part of a dossier that also includes Latin chronicles and charters as well as archaeological and place-name evidence. Arabic authors and their Latin contemporaries remembered Vikings in Iberia in surprisingly similar ways. How they did so sheds light on contemporary responses to Vikings throughout the medieval world
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Fourteen papers explore a variety of inter-disciplinary approaches to understanding the Viking past, both in Scandinavia and in the Viking diaspora. Contributions employ both traditional inter- or multi-disciplinarian perspectives such as using historical sources, Icelandic sagas and Eddic poetry and also specialised methodologies and/or empirical studies, place-name research, the history of religion and technological advancements, such as isotope analysis. Together these generate new insights into the technology, social organisation and mentality of the worlds of the Vikings.Geographically, c
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Jón Viðar Sigurðsson returns to the Viking homeland, Scandinavia, highlighting such key aspects of Viking life as power and politics, social and kinship networks, gifts and feasting, religious beliefs, women's roles, social classes, and the Viking economy, which included farming, iron mining and metalworking, and trade. Drawing of the latest archeological research and on literary sources, namely the sagas, Sigurðsson depicts a complex and surprisingly peaceful society that belies the popular image of Norsemen as bloodthirsty barbarians.
Vikings --- Civilization, Viking --- Vikings --- Social conditions. --- Scandinavia --- History
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This is a book covering the life of Cnut the Great, the Danish prince who won the throne of England in 1016 after years of Viking activity in northwestern Europe. He later became King of Denmark in 1018 and Norway in 1028, uniting the three kingdoms under his rule, known as the North Sea Empire. Cnut sought to unite Danes and English under cultural bonds of wealth and custom, and his possession of England's dioceses and the continental Diocese of Denmark gave him leverage within the Catholic Church and among the magnates of Christendom. A masterful leader, Cnut was deemed "King of all England and Denmark and the Norwegians and of some of the Swedes".
Northmen --- Vikings --- Civilization. --- Denmark --- Kings and rulers
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Professor Sawyer offers some new interpretations of the development of Scandinavian society and history of the Christian conversion.
Vikings. --- Christianity --- Religions --- Church history --- Northmen --- Scandinavia --- Europe --- Civilization. --- History
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In this, the first of six volumes, the main results of the excavations which the University of Oslo carried out at Kaupang 1998-2003 are presented. A completely new picture is put forward of the port that the adventurer Ohthere visited in c. 890. It is now clear that Kaupang was one of the four Scandinavian towns that were founded around the year 800. Kaupang is connected to the power centre of Skiringssal, to the Ynglings - the legendary Norwegian royal lineage, and to the King of the Danes - the dominant political actor in south-west Scandinavia.Kaupang is shown to have had several of the sa
Excavations (Archaeology) --- Viking antiquities --- Vikings --- Antiquities --- Kaupang Site (Norway) --- Norway
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Civilization, Viking. --- Viking civilization --- Vikings --- Civilization --- Hårdh, Birgitta,
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