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« La bienvenue et l'adieu » : c'est sous le signe de ce poème de Goethe que les auteurs ont souhaité placer les contributions au colloque Migrations, identité et modernité au Maghreb, tenu à Essaouira du 17 au 20 mars 2010. Ce colloque est une initiative d'universitaires français et marocains, auxquels se sont joints des collègues du monde entier, dans un engagement commun pour une lecture pluraliste de l'histoire récente du Maroc et du Maghreb. Accueilli à Essaouira et soutenu par deux instances chargées de la défense des droits humains et de la mise en application des recommandations de l'Instance équité et réconciliation, ce colloque a essayé d'aborder, de façon publique, pour la première fois dans un pays du Maghreb, la question du départ des juifs, recontextualisée dans sa profondeur historique et mise en perspective avec les flux migratoires des communautés musulmanes. Sans esquiver les dimensions spécifiques ni les enjeux politiques de ces départs, il a cherché à en réévaluer la place. Il a pour cela réintroduit au cœur du questionnement les projets migratoires, les parcours des migrants et les dynamiques de constructions communautaires. La mémoire de ces communautés migrantes est aussi celle du Maghreb, à différents moments de son histoire. Actes du colloque d’Essaouira, Migrations, identité et modernité au Maghreb, 17-21 mars 2010, publiés avec le soutien du Conseil de la communauté marocaine à l’étranger (CCME) et du Conseil national des droits de l’Homme (CNDH). Une bibliographie établie à l'occasion de ce colloque est disponible, en pdf, à http://bibmed.mmsh.univ-aix.fr/Syntheses_Biblio/Bibliographie_Migration_identite-modernite-au-Maghreb.pdf Cet ouvrage est publié au Maroc en co-édition avec le soutien du Centre Jacques Berque. Un coffret réunissant les trois volumes est disponible aux Éditions Karthala sous l'ISBN 978-2-8111-0606-5. Prix du coffret : 44 €
Jews --- History --- Africa, North --- Emigration and immigration --- History. --- Jews - Africa, North - History - Congresses --- Africa, North - Emigration and immigration - History - Congresses --- Migrants juifs XVe-XXe siècles --- Identité judéo-marocaine --- Séfarades --- Communautés migrantes --- Identité --- Diasporas --- Migrants musulmans XVe-XXe siècles --- Départ juifs
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L’effondrement final de la romanité en Afrique du Nord a longtemps été expliqué par ce que Christian Courtois appelait « l’insuffisante assimilation du monde berbère » : ceux que les Anciens désignaient par le nom de Maures se seraient, à partir de la fin du IVe siècle, détachés progressivement de la civilisation romaine, avant, grâce à l’aide de «Néoberbères» chameliers venus de Libye, de multiplier les révoltes à l’époque byzantine, préparant ainsi en quelque sorte le succès de la conquête arabe au VIIe siècle. Constamment réaffirmée depuis presque deux siècles, cette théorie n’était pourtant en fait qu’une hypothèse, qui n’avait jamais été vérifiée par une véritable recherche scientifique. Fruit d’une enquête de près de vingt ans entreprise pour mettre fin à ce paradoxe historiographique, l’ouvrage place pour la première fois les Maures eux-mêmes au centre de la problématique, en s’interrogeant longuement sur l’identité et la construction identitaire des populations que ce nom recouvrit du IVe au VIIe siècle. Après avoir établi le caractère mythique de la migration des Néoberbères, il met ainsi en évidence l’existence et la constitution progressive non d’une, mais de deux communautés maures, différenciées fondamentalement par leur rapport à la romanité et au christianisme, et il montre comment cette bipartition permet d’expliquer la nature et les incohérences apparentes des révoltes africaines des IVe-VIIe siècles, et aussi les réactions contrastées des «Berbères» face à la conquête arabe de 643 à 698.
Berbers --- Romans --- Berbères --- Romains --- Africa, North --- Afrique du Nord --- History --- Civilization --- Histoire --- Civilisation --- History & Archaeology --- Regions & Countries - Africa --- #GOSA:II.P.AU.1 --- #GOSA:XI.Oud.M --- #GOSA:XI.Lok.N-Af --- Berbères --- Amazigh --- Imazighan --- Imazighen --- Mazigh --- North Africans --- Arab countries --- Civilization. --- Berbers - Africa, North --- Romans - Africa, North --- Maures --- Africa, North - History - To 647 --- Africa, North - Civilization --- Afrique romaine --- Empire bizantin
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Longtemps considéré comme une région périphérique en Méditerranée et dans l’Islam, le Maghreb médiéval est au contraire très tôt intégré dans des réseaux d’échanges, d’abord dans le cadre de la construction d’un espace islamique largement ouvert sur la mer, ensuite dans celui d’une Méditerranée dominée par les puissances latines européennes. Connecté à la fois à l’Orient, à l’Afrique subsaharienne et à la Méditerranée, le Maghreb islamique s’insère entre le viie et le xve siècle dans des connexions complexes qui donnent à ses ports un rôle croissant dans les échanges commerciaux, mais aussi plus largement dans la structuration de l’espace maghrébin et méditerranéen, à la fois comme pôles d’impulsion régionaux et interfaces entre des réseaux terrestres et maritimes. L’analyse des sources arabes et latines permet ainsi de montrer comment les acteurs politiques et économiques contribuent à faire évoluer ces réseaux commerciaux à différentes échelles, en premier lieu dans un espace centré sur les pays d’Islam, puis à partir du xie siècle dans une économie-monde en formation, connectant l’Afrique, l’Europe latine et l’Asie. Vinculado a la vez con Oriente, el África subsahariana y el Mediterráneo, el Magreb Islámico se inserta entre el siglo vii y el xv en redes complejas que otorgan a sus puertos un papel cada vez más importante en los intercambios comerciales. El análisis de las fuentes árabes y latinas permite mostrar cómo los actores políticos y económicos contribuyen a la evolución de estas redes, primero en los países islámicos, y luego, a partir del siglo xi, en una economía mundial en desarrollo que conecta África, la Europa latina y Asia. The Islamic Maghreb was connected to the Orient, Sub-Saharan Africa and the Mediterranean, and thus was integrated, between the 7th and the 15th centuries, into complex networks giving an increasing role to port cities, in the commercial exchanges but also, more broadly, in the structuration of space. The study of both Arabic…
Trade routes - Africa, North - History - To 1500 --- Trade routes - Mediterranean Sea - History - To 1500 --- Commerce - History - Medieval, 500-1500 --- Mediterranean Sea --- Africa, North --- Harbors --- Shipping --- History. --- Afrique du Nord --- Relations extérieures --- History --- commerce --- Maghreb --- Moyen Âge --- Islam --- Méditerranée --- musulman --- comercio --- Edad Media --- Mediterráneo --- musulmán --- Trade routes --- Commerce
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This volume contains twelve contributions on the urban development of the Near East and North Africa in Late Antiquity. On the one hand the authors consider historical and cultural aspects of the region. A comprehensive section of illustrations of new archaeological material and its interpretation then form the second focus of this volume of papers.
City and town life --- Cults --- Vie urbaine --- Cultes --- History --- Histoire --- Middle East --- Africa, North --- Moyen-Orient --- Afrique du Nord --- Afrique du nord --- Social life and customs. --- Antiquities, Roman. --- Moeurs et coutumes --- Antiquités romaines --- Africa, North --Antiquities, Roman. --- Africa, North --History --To 647. --- Africa, North --Social life and customs. --- City and town life --Africa, North --History --To 1500. --- City and town life --Middle East --History --To 1500. --- Cults --Africa, North --History --To 1500. --- Cults --Middle East --History --To 1500. --- Middle East --Antiquities, Roman. --- Middle East --History --To 622. --- Middle East --Social life and customs. --- Regions & Countries - Asia & the Middle East --- History & Archaeology --- Antiquités romaines --- History. --- Alternative religious movements --- Cult --- Cultus --- Marginal religious movements --- New religions --- New religious movements --- NRMs (Religion) --- Religious movements, Alternative --- Religious movements, Marginal --- Religious movements, New --- Religions --- Sects --- City life --- Town life --- Urban life --- Sociology, Urban --- Barbary States --- Maghreb --- Maghrib --- North Africa --- Asia, South West --- Asia, Southwest --- Asia, West --- Asia, Western --- East (Middle East) --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Fertile Crescent --- Levant --- Mediterranean Region, Eastern --- Mideast --- Near East --- Northern Tier (Middle East) --- South West Asia --- Southwest Asia --- West Asia --- Western Asia --- Orient --- Arab countries --- Late Antiquity/Cult. --- Late Antiquity/Urban Development.
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For the popes it was inevitable to maintain relations with the Arab-Muslim world, of course eastern - Egypt and the Middle East - but also Western - Spain and the Maghreb. Thus in 1199, Innocent III addressed himself to the "Miramolin, king of Morocco". Some two hundred and one letters, written during the 13th and 14th centuries, mostly recorded in the registers of the Vatican Secret Archives, help to clarify the position of the Holy See vis-a -vis the Maghreb. In order to carry out their policy and to maintain ties with the faithful, the Popes wrote to the Christian or Muslim sovereigns, sent messengers across the Mediterranean Sea, encouraged the works of the brothers in this part of the world, A bishopric in Marrakesh. They regularly supported attempts to expand Christianity in North Africa, but this was not their only concern. They also cared about the Christians who lived in the Maghreb, whether they were merchants, mercenaries or captives. The papacy had to reconcile these two aspects and had to adapt to the reality of the life of these communities in the land of Islam. Clara Maillard at the MSH of Nantes on December 8, 2011, her thesis in medieval history entitled "Popes and Maghreb in the XIIIth and XIVth centuries, study of apostolic letters from 1199 to 1419", under the direction of John Tolan , Professor at the University of Nantes. She worked with the RELMIN project in 2014 as a post-doctoral student on the pontifical letters concerning Christians who lived in the Maghreb.
Brieven [Pauselijke ] --- Letters [Papal ] --- Lettres apostoliques --- Lettres papales --- Lettres pontificales --- Papal letters --- Papes -- Lettres --- Pauselijke brieven --- Christianity and other religions --- Islam --- Christianisme --- Relations --- Christianity --- Africa, North --- Afrique du Nord --- History --- Histoire --- Papst. --- Islam. --- Christentum. --- Letters, Papal --- Church history --- Christianity. --- Middle Ages. --- Catholic Church --- Catholic Church. --- Maghreb. --- Church history. --- Maghreb --- Église catholique --- Catholic church --- Décrétales --- Église --- Afrique du nord --- Histoire religieuse --- To 1500 --- Africa [North ] --- 647-1517 --- Foreign relations --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Papal documents --- Bibliography --- Eglise --- Middle Ages, 500-1500 --- Letters, Papal - History - To 1500 --- Church history - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Christianity and other religions - Islam --- Décrétales - Histoire - Jusqu'à 1500 --- Eglise - Histoire - 600-1500 (Moyen Age) --- Christianisme - Relations - Islam --- Africa, North - Church history --- Africa, North - History - 647-1517 --- Afrique du nord - Histoire religieuse --- Afrique du nord - Histoire - 647-1517
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This open access book provides a multi-perspective approach to the caravan trade in the Sahara during the 19th century. Based on travelogues from European travelers, recently found Arab sources, historical maps and results from several expeditions, the book gives an overview of the historical periods of the caravan trade as well as detailed information about the infrastructure which was necessary to establish those trade networks. Included are a variety of unique historical and recent maps as well as remote sensing images of the important trade routes and the corresponding historic oases. To give a deeper understanding of how those trading networks work, aspects such as culturally influenced concepts of spatial orientation are discussed. The book aims to be a useful reference for the caravan trade in the Sahara, that can be recommended both to students and to specialists and researchers in the field of Geography, History and African Studies.
Africa—Economic conditions. --- Historical geography. --- Africa, North—History. --- Remote sensing. --- Ethnology—Africa. --- African Economics. --- Historical Geography. --- History of North Africa. --- Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry. --- African Culture. --- Remote-sensing imagery --- Remote sensing systems --- Remote terrain sensing --- Sensing, Remote --- Terrain sensing, Remote --- Aerial photogrammetry --- Aerospace telemetry --- Detectors --- Space optics --- Geography, Historical --- Geography --- African Economics --- Historical Geography --- History of North Africa --- Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry --- African Culture --- Economy-wide Country Studies --- Caravan Trading in the 19th century --- Libyan Sahara --- Central Sahara --- Open Access --- Atlas of Caravan Tracks --- Historical Maps --- Concepts of Spacial Orientation --- Trade Networks --- Caravan Routes --- 19th century Trade in the Sahara --- Trans-Saharan trails --- Historic Oases --- Economics --- Historical geography --- African history --- Geographical information systems & remote sensing --- Cultural studies
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The landscapes of the Middle East have captured our imaginations throughout history. Images of endless golden dunes, camel caravans, isolated desert oases, and rivers lined with palm trees have often framed written and visual representations of the region. Embedded in these portrayals is the common belief that the environment, in most places, has been deforested and desertified by centuries of misuse. It is precisely such orientalist environmental imaginaries, increasingly undermined by contemporary ecological data, that the eleven authors in this volume question. This is the first volume to
Human ecology --- History --- Middle East --- Africa, North --- Great Britain --- France --- Environmental conditions --- Historiography --- Foreign public opinion, British --- Foreign public opinion, French --- Colonies --- Ecology --- Environment, Human --- Human beings --- Human environment --- Ecological engineering --- Human geography --- Nature --- History. --- Social aspects --- Effect of environment on --- Effect of human beings on --- Asia, South West --- Asia, Southwest --- Asia, West --- Asia, Western --- East (Middle East) --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Fertile Crescent --- Levant --- Mediterranean Region, Eastern --- Mideast --- Near East --- Northern Tier (Middle East) --- South West Asia --- Southwest Asia --- West Asia --- Western Asia --- Orient --- Barbary States --- Maghreb --- Maghrib --- North Africa --- Foreign public opinion, French. --- Foreign public opinion, British. --- Historiography. --- Environmental conditions. --- Human ecology - Middle East - History --- Human ecology - Africa, North - History --- Middle East - Environmental conditions --- Africa, North - Environmental conditions --- Middle East - Environmental conditions - Historiography --- Africa, North - Environmental conditions - Historiography --- Middle East - Foreign public opinion, British --- Middle East - Foreign public opinion, French --- Great Britain - Colonies - History --- France - Colonies - History
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