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The U.S. Department of Homeland Security is responsible for controlling the flow of goods and people across the U.S. border, but compelling methods for producing estimates of the total flow of illicit goods or border crossings do not yet exist. This paper describes four innovative approaches to estimating the total flow of illicit border crossings between ports of entry. Each approach is sufficiently promising to warrant further attention.

Border security -- United States -- Measurement. --- Immigration enforcement -- United States -- Measurement. --- Border security --- Immigration enforcement --- Measurement

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Border security --- Border patrols --- Pattern recognition systems --- Political Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Immigration & Emigration --- Planning --- Pattern classification systems --- Pattern recognition computers --- Border control --- Border management --- Boundaries --- Cross-border security --- Security measures --- Pattern perception --- Computer vision --- National security

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In De migratiemachine bespreken deskundigen uit verschillende vakgebieden deze neveneffecten. De biometrische technieken die momenteel in Nederlands en Europees verband worden gebruikt om de toestroom van migranten te beteugelen, maken inbreuk op de integriteit van het lichaam. Onbetrouwbare en onvoldoende controleerbare en corrigeerbare informatiebestanden kunnen leiden tot onterechte afwijzingen van migranten. En een buitenproportionele inzet van technologie legt een onevenredig grote nadruk op controle. Vroeger was migratiebeleid niet zo van technologie afhankelijk. Met paspoorten en een slagboom bij de grensovergang kwam je al een heel eind. Nu kent het migratiebeleid een sterke technologische dimensie. Leeftijdsonderzoek door middel van botanalyse voor minderjarige asielzoekers, DNA-tests voor gezinshereniging, spraakherkenningstechnologie bij het inburgeringsexamen in het land van herkomst en Europese databanken om de gegevens van illegale migranten in op te slaan. Deze technologisering helpt om procedures efficiënter te laten verlopen, maar genereert ook neveneffecten.

Border security --- Emigration and immigration --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- Border control --- Border management --- Boundaries --- Cross-border security --- National security --- Technological innovations --- Security measures --- E-books --- migrantenbeleid --- Nederland --- Nederland.

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What are the human rights obligations of Frontex and its member states at the borders of Europe? Who is responsible when the rights of people crossing those borders are breached? Those are the main questions that this open access book addresses while exploring the evolution of the European integrated border management (EIBM). The mode of administration of European borders has become a complex and polymorphous affair involving multiple actors working at different levels, with different competences and powers. In this context, borders are no longer lines on a map but enmeshed in a tapestry of different actors and technologies. This evolution not only puts to test the relationship between territory and public power, but it also requires a different understanding of the responsibility for the exercise of that power by a panoply of actors. This book addresses the challenges related to the implementation of the EIBM and the human rights responsibilities that it can trigger. It entwines two separate but interlaced discourses: the first being a reflection on the concept of EIBM and its human rights impact; the second being the question of the attribution of international responsibility for violations that occurred in the implementation of the EIBM. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation.

Border security --- Human rights --- International Relations. --- EU (European Union) --- Immigration law --- Refugees & political asylum --- European Border and Coast Guard Agency

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"We're going to build a wall." Borders have been drawn since the beginning of time, but in recent years artificial barriers have become increasingly significant to the political conversation across the world. Donald Trump was elected President of the United States while promising to build a wall on the Mexico border, and in Europe, the international movements of migrants and refugees have sparked fierce discussion about whether and how countries should restrict access to their territory by erecting physical barriers. Virtual walls are also built and crushed at increasing speed. In the post-9/11 era there is a greater danger from so-called "transnational non-state actors", and computer hacking and cyberterrorism threaten to overwhelm our technological barriers. In this timely and original book, Said Saddiki scrutinises the physical and virtual walls located in four continents, including Israel, India, the southern EU border, Morocco, and the proposed border wall between Mexico and the US. Saddiki's detailed analysis explores the tensions between the rise of globalisation, which some have argued will lead to a "borderless world" and "the end of the nation-state", and the rapid development in recent decades of border control systems. Saddiki examines both regular and irregular cross-border activities, including the flow of people, goods, ideas, drugs, weapons, capital, and information, and explores the disparities that are reflected by barriers to such activities. He considers the consequences of the construction of physical and virtual walls, including their impact on international relations and the rise of the multi-billion dollar security market. World of Walls: The Structure, Roles and Effectiveness of Separation Barriers is important reading for all those interested in the topics of immigration, border security, international relations, and policy.

Border security. --- Border patrols. --- Globalization. --- Emigration and immigration. --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- International relations --- Anti-globalization movement --- Boundary patrols --- Frontier patrols --- Surveillance by border patrols --- Police --- Border control --- Border management --- Boundaries --- Cross-border security --- National security --- Security measures --- International Relations --- Mexico --- immigration --- Israël --- international relations --- Marocco --- India --- Borders --- walls --- border security --- virtual barriers