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Society's use and management of water relies on professional expertise spanning diverse fields: from biology and technology to economics and law. This book examines current issues related to regulating water through chapters summarizing various sets of regulation as well as chapters that take a scientific deep dive into selected themes. The diversity of professional expertise is also reflected in the law aspect. We explore such subjects as surface runoff, natural disasters, drinking water, groundwater, salmon, hydropower, and human rights, as well as general impact assessment requirements and duty of knowledge in environmental law administration. A key objective of the book has been to provide an interdisciplinary understanding of the legal circumstances associated with water, and in addition, deliberate the pros and cons of some of the current regulations. This book will be particularly useful for those who in various ways support and facilitate procedures within the public sector at both the national and municipal levels. It will also be useful for private sector actors seeking familiarity with legal questions that can arise in relation to public administration and other private actors. From a broader perspective, we hope the book can help to throw light on conflicts between different interests and groups within society that occur, for example, when introducing fees, special injunctions against private actors, and requirements for knowledge basis. This book project is the result of legal research conducted at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) and is supplemented by national expertise in several areas. It has been edited by Steinar Taubøll, a professor at NMBU's Department of Property and Law. Taubøll has a background in both law and the natural sciences, and extensive experience with interdisciplinary work.
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Este reporte provee una evaluación de la estrategia de promoción del cumplimiento regulatorio y de las fiscalizaciones en el sector ambiental de Perú, además de incluir recomendaciones para fortalecer dicha estrategia. Este reporte evalúa las políticas y el marco legal del Organismo de Evaluación y Fiscalización Ambiental de Perú, así como las prácticas y recursos empleados en las actividades de promoción del cumplimiento y fiscalizaciones.
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Green budgeting is emerging at subnational levels as an important tool for regions and cities to use to align their expenditure and revenues with their green objectives, and enhance the transparency and accountability of their climate and environmental action. It is also a tool that subnational governments can use to prioritise low-carbon investments and identify funding gaps, as well as to mobilise additional sources of both private and public climate finance. In order for subnational governments to make full use of green budgeting however, more methodological, technical, and financial support is needed. This report presents a first stocktake of subnational green budgeting practices in OECD and EU countries as well as a set of guidelines for subnational governments to use in developing and launching a green budgeting practice. It is accompanied by two green budgeting case studies - one with the Region of Brittany (France) and one with the City of Venice (Italy) - and a self-assessment tool. The self-assessment tool allows regions and cities to measure their capacity to launch a green budgeting practice or strengthen an existing one, and is available on the OECD Subnational Government Climate Finance Hub as a downloadable Excel file.
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Environmental Groups and Legal Expertise explores the use and understanding of law and legal expertise by environmental groups. Rather than the usual focus on the court room, it scrutinises environmental NGO advocacy during the extraordinarily dramatic Brexit process, from the referendum on leaving the EU in June 2016 to the debate around the new Environment Bill in the first half of 2020. There is generally a weak understanding of both the complexity and the potential of legal expertise in the environmental NGO community. Legal expertise can be more than a tool for campaigners, and more than litigation: it provides distinctive ways of both seeing the world and changing the world. The available legal resource in the sector is not just a practical limit on what can be done, but spills into the very understanding of what should be done, and what resource is needed. Mutually reinforcing links between capacity, understanding, culture and investment affect legal expertise across the board. There are, however, pockets of sophisticated legal expertise in the community, and legal expertise was heavily and often effectively used in the anomalously law-heavy Brexit-environment debate. The ability to call on thinly spread legal expertise in a crisis was in part due to effective NGO collaboration around Brexit-environment.
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Der vorliegende Band enthält erste Ergebnisse aus dem Forschungsprojekt "Herausforderungen für ein zukunftsfähiges Umweltrecht", das im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes im Sommer 2020 begonnen wurde.Gegenstand der Untersuchung sind die Herausforderungen, die sich dem Umweltrecht im Anthropozän stellen. Das Projekt nähert sich diesen Herausforderungen durch eine gründliche Bestandsaufnahme der nationalen und der internationalen rechtswissenschaftlichen Literatur zu den Aufgaben des Umweltrechts im Anthropozän und es setzt darüber hinaus einen Schwerpunkt bei den Aufgaben und der Leistungsfähigkeit, die dem Vorsorgeprinzip im Prozess der Politik- und Rechtsentwicklung zukommt bzw. zukommen sollte.
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Les travaux publiés dans cet ouvrage sont le fruit de recherches collectives menées en France, à travers l'ensemble des ordres juridiques (constitutionnel, administratif, judiciaire) mais aussi au Japon et au Québec. Il s'agit de porter un regard comparatiste sur les actions en justice en matière de protection de l'environnement, sous le prisme de la stratégie contentieuse. Sont appréhendés tout à la fois les spécificités de tel ou tel type d'action, les difficultés juridiques propres aux actions formées par des associations, les stratégies que celles-ci doivent privilégier ainsi que les risques auxquels elles s'exposent en agissant en justice, les potentialités de l'action de groupe, mais aussi celle de l'octroi de droits à la nature elle-même.
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