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Wie läuft kreatives Arbeiten ab? Was bedeutet Kreativität für den Arbeitsalltag und wie wird in komplexen Organisationen Kreativität verankert? Am Beispiel der Arbeitspraxis in der Werbeindustrie rekonstruiert Hannes Krämer die Entdeckung, Formierung und Stabilisierung kreativer Produkte en détail. Hierbei zeichnet er ethnografisch die Entstehung eines Werbeprodukts anhand prägender Stationen nach und schließt so eine systematische Leerstelle: den Einblick in die konkrete Praxis künstlerisch-kreativer Arbeit in zeitgenössischen Ökonomien. Kreativarbeit erscheint demnach nicht vordergründig als mythische Tätigkeit, sondern als Ensemble kreativer Routinen.

Ethnology.

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Es sind die Begegnungen mit Menschen, die unser Leben prägen. Dabei beeinflussen die kulturellen, gesellschaftlichen und sozialen Umstände oder persönlichen Neigungen die Qualität und Intensität dieser Begegnungen und wirken sich auf unser weiteres Handeln und Verhalten aus. Wie sich Begegnungen und Beziehungen gestalten und verändern, wird in der Ausstellung anhand der Sammlungen zweier Göttinger Ethnologen dargestellt, die knapp drei Jahrzehnte am Institut für Ethnologie gewirkt haben. Der Ozeanist Erhard Schlesier führte Feldforschungen im Südpazifik durch. Sein regionaler Schwerpunkt lag dabei auf Südost-Neuguinea. Die Forschungen des Afrikanisten Peter Fuchs erstreckten sich auf das Gebiet der Sahara und des Sahel. Beide Ethnologen betrachteten Begegnungen als einen Prozess von wechselseitigen kulturellen Beeinflussungen, denen man im Hinblick auf ihre jeweilige Dynamik und Wirksamkeit auf die Spur kommen sollte.

Ethnology

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This remarkable and timely ethnography explores how fishing communities living on the fringe of the South China Sea in central Vietnam interact with state and religious authorities as well as their farmer neighbors - even while handling new geopolitical challenges. The focus is mainly on marginal people and their navigation between competing forces over the decades of massive change since their incorporation into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 1975. The sea, however, plays a major role in this study as does the location: a once-peripheral area now at the center of a global struggle for sovereignty, influence and control in the South China Sea. The coastal fishing communities at the heart of this study are peripheral not so much because of geographical remoteness as their presumed social 'backwardness'; they only partially fit into the social imaginary of Vietnam's territory and nation. The state thus tries to incorporate them through various cultural agendas while religious reformers seek to purify their religious practices. Yet, recently, these communities have also come to be seen as guardians of an ancient fishing culture, important in Vietnam's resistance to Chinese claims over the South China Sea. The fishers have responded to their situation with a blend of conformity, co-option and subtle indiscipline. A complex, triadic relationship is at play here. Within it are various shifting binaries - e.g. secular/religious, fishers/farmers, local ritual/Buddhist doctrine, etc. - and different protagonists (state officials, religious figures, fishermen and -women) who construct, enact, and deconstruct these relations in shifting alliances and changing contexts. Fishers, Monks and Cadres is a significant new work. Its vivid portrait of local beliefs and practices makes a powerful argument for looking beyond monolithic religious traditions. Its triadic analysis and subtle use of binaries offer startlingly fresh ways to view Vietnamese society and local political power. The book demonstrates Vietnam is more than urban and agrarian society in the Red River Basin and Mekong Delta. Finally, the author builds on intensive, long-term research to portray a region at the forefront of geopolitical struggle, offering insights that will be fascinating and revealing to a much broader readership.

Ethnology

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No auge da efervescência desencadeada pela Revolução de 25 de Abril, mais de uma centena de adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, passa o Verão de 1975 numa acção concertada de recolha de cultura popular. Foi a resposta a um apelo de Michel Giacometti, o homem que, desde finais da década de 50, percorrera Portugal continental captando a voz do Povo. Faltava um museu dedicado a esta causa. Este livro desenvolve uma abordagem sistemática do acervo de cultura material então reunido a nível nacional. A principal finalidade deste volume é exemplificar potencialidades de tratamento e dinamização do património etnográfico existente em estruturas museológicas. [Versão reduzida e revista de Ao Encontro do Povo. I. A Missão, Oeiras, Celta Editora, 1993].

Ethnology

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The publication is a contribution to the discussion of institutional and personnel tools of ideological use of ethnography and related scientific disciplines by Nazi Germany in the 1940s in the intentions of its foreign policy plans. It focuses on the efforts of the Third Reich and German researchers to influence the homeland and ethnographic research in Slovakia and follows it on the example of the activities of the Institute for homeland Research (Institut für Heimatforschung) in Kežmarok and those associated with its activities (Franz. J. Beranek and his wife Hertha Wolf-Beranek, Bruno Schier and others). The authors try to clarify the issues concerning the ideological contexts of ethnographic research of the German minority in Slovakia during the Second World War. They draw on period sources that have been preserved in the Institute of Ethnology and Social Anthropology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences and in other archival collections in Slovakia and abroad. The obtained archival data are also analysed with regard to the current research of the monitored issues in Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland. At the same time, the researched examples of the influence of Nazi ideology on the activity of specific personalities and institutions during the Second World War inspire a broader discussion on the relationship between political ideologies and science. Publikácia je príspevkom k diskusii o inštitucionálnych a personálnych nástrojoch ideologického užívania národopisu a príbuzných vedných disciplín nacistickým Nemeckom v 40. rokoch 20. storočia v intenciách jeho zahraničnopolitických plánov. Zameriava sa na snahu Tretej ríše a nemeckých bádateľov ovplyvňovať národopisné a vlastivedné výskumy na území Slovenska a sleduje ju na príklade činnosti Ústavu pre vlastivedný výskum (Institut für Heimatforschung) v Kežmarku a osôb, ktoré boli s jeho činnosťou spojené (Franz. J. Beranek a jeho manželka Hertha Wolf-Beranek, Bruno Schier a i.). Snahou autorov je predovšetkým objasnenie otázok týkajúcich sa ideologických kontextov národopisného výskumu nemeckej menšiny na Slovensku počas druhej svetovej vojny. Čerpajú z dobových prameňov, ktoré sa zachovali v Ústave etnológie a sociálnej antropológie SAV i v ďalších archívnych zbierkach na Slovensku i v zahraničí. Získané archívne dáta analyzujú aj s ohľadom na doterajší výskum sledovanej problematiky na Slovensku, v Čechách, Nemecku a Poľsku. Skúmané príklady vplyvu nacistickej ideológie na pôsobenie konkrétnych osobností a inštitúcií počas druhej svetovej vojny zároveň inšpirujú k širšej diskusii na tému vzťahu politických ideológií a vedy.

Ethnology