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This book deepens the study and knowledge on fiber-reinforced plastics (FRPs), which are composite materials made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers. The fibers are usually glass, carbon, or aramid, although other fibers such as paper, wood, or asbestos are sometimes used. The polymer is usually an epoxy, vinyl ester, or polyester thermosetting plastic, and phenol-formaldehyde resins are still in use. Among, the most prominent applications of FRPs are in the aerospace, automotive, marine, and construction industries. The development of FRPs has a very promising future with a marked annual increase and with a wide range of sources. This book presents comprehensive information on FRPs and their wide variety of applications in the industry worldwide.

Fiber-reinforced plastics. --- Reinforced plastics.

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Discontinuous fiber-reinforced polymers have gained importance in transportation industries due to their outstanding material properties, lower manufacturing costs and superior lightweight characteristics. One of the most attractive attributes of discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites is the ease with which they can be manufactured in large numbers, using injection and compression molding processes. The main aim of this Special Issue is to collect various investigations focused on the processing of discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites and the effect that processing has on fiber orientation, fiber length and fiber density distributions throughout the final product. Papers presenting investigations on the effect that fiber configurations have on the mechanical properties of the final composite products and materials were welcome in the Special Issue. Researchers who model and simulate processes involving discontinuous fiber composites as well as those performing experimental studies involving these composites were welcomed to submit papers. The authors were encouraged to present new models, constitutive laws, and measuring and monitoring techniques to provide a complete framework on these groundbreaking materials and to facilitate their use in different engineering applications.

fiber reinforced plastics --- long fiber reinforced thermoplastics (LFT) --- sliding plate rheometer --- fiber microstructure --- fiber orientation --- direct fiber simulation --- mechanistic model --- fiber reinforced thermoplastics --- modeling --- short fiber reinforcement --- process simulation --- smoothed particle hydrodynamics --- composite foams --- closed cells --- image processing --- finite element analysis --- polymer composites --- long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (LFTs) --- core region --- shell region --- fiber length distribution (FLD) --- selective laser sintering --- recoating --- PA6 --- polyamide --- glass --- fibres --- beads --- orientation --- recoating speed --- layer thickness --- energy density --- pARD-RSC --- short fiber reinforced --- mechanistic modelling --- Carbon nanotubes --- CNTs --- nanocomposites --- electrical resistivity --- conductivity --- electric fields --- computational modelling --- compression moulding --- moulding compounds --- optimisation --- wet laid --- isotropic --- tensile --- carbon fiber --- discontinuous --- recycling --- hybrid composites --- polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) --- thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer --- glass fibers --- long fiber reinforced plastics --- fiber breakage --- fiber length --- additive tooling --- additive manufacturing --- rapid tooling --- injection molding --- polypropylene --- long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics --- fiber concentration --- stereolithography --- carbon fiber recycling --- lightweight design --- long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics --- parameter-optimization --- injection molding compounding --- long fiber reinforced thermoplastics --- fiber orientation models --- calibration --- discontinuous fiber composites (DFC) --- compression molding --- sheet molding compound (SMC) --- carbon fiber sheet molding compound (CF-SMC) --- randomly oriented strands (ROS) --- computed tomography (CT) --- direct fiber simulation (DFS) --- prepreg platelet molding compound (PPMC) --- tow-based discontinuous composite (TBDC) --- plastics processing --- composites --- glass fiber --- sheet molding compound --- long fiber --- fiber content --- n/a

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The advancement in manufacturing technology and scientific research has improved the development of enhanced composite materials with tailored properties depending on their design requirements in many engineering fields, as well as in thermal and energy management. Some representative examples of advanced materials in many smart applications and complex structures rely on laminated composites, functionally graded materials (FGMs), and carbon-based constituents, primarily carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene sheets or nanoplatelets, because of their remarkable mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and high permeability. For such materials, experimental tests usually require a large economical effort because of the complex nature of each constituent, together with many environmental, geometrical and or mechanical uncertainties of non-conventional specimens. At the same time, the theoretical and/or computational approaches represent a valid alternative for designing complex manufacts with more flexibility. In such a context, the development of advanced theoretical and computational models for composite materials and structures is a subject of active research, as explored here for a large variety of structural members, involving the static, dynamic, buckling, and damage/fracturing problems at different scales.

prestressed concrete cylinder pipe --- external prestressed steel strands --- theoretical study --- wire-breakage --- first-principles calculation --- Heusler compounds --- gapless half metals --- spin gapless semiconductor --- bi-directional functionally graded --- bolotin scheme --- dynamic stability --- elastic foundation --- porosity --- two-axis four-gimbal --- electro-optical pod --- dynamics modeling --- coarse–fine composite --- Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) --- fastener --- arc --- Joule heat --- finite element analysis (FEA) --- piezoelectric effect --- bimodular model --- functionally-graded materials --- cantilever --- vibration --- functional reinforcement --- graphene nanoplatelets --- higher-order shear deformable laminated beams --- nanocomposites --- nonlinear free vibration --- sandwich beams --- fractional calculus --- Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative --- viscoelasticity --- pipe flow --- fractional Maxwell model --- fractional Zener model --- fractional Burgers model --- Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative --- fractional Kelvin–Voigt model --- fractional Poynting–Thomson model --- curved sandwich nanobeams --- nonlocal strain gradient theory --- quasi-3D higher-order shear theory --- thermal-buckling --- FG-GPL --- GDQ --- heat transfer equation --- higher-order shear deformation theory --- buckling --- FE-GDQ --- functionally graded materials --- 3D elasticity --- 3D shell model --- steady-state hygro-elastic analysis --- Fick moisture diffusion equation --- moisture content profile --- layer-wise approach --- n/a --- coarse-fine composite --- fractional Kelvin-Voigt model --- fractional Poynting-Thomson model

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This book derives from the Special Issue of the Manufacturing Engineering Society (MES) that was launched as a Special Issue of the journal Materials. The 48 contributions, published in this book, explore the evolution of traditional manufacturing models toward the new requirements of the Manufacturing Industry 4.0 and present cutting-edge advances in the field of Manufacturing Engineering focusing on additive manufacturing and 3D printing, advances and innovations in manufacturing processes, sustainable and green manufacturing, manufacturing systems (machines, equipment and tooling), metrology and quality in manufacturing, Industry 4.0, product lifecycle management (PLM) technologies, and production planning and risks.

ultrasonic metal welding --- finite element analysis --- temperature distribution --- strength of the joint in tension --- heat flux --- friction --- plastic deformation --- thermocouple --- WEDM --- deep learning --- deep neural networks --- Industry 4.0 --- crash boxes --- joining by forming --- resistance spot-welding --- crashworthiness --- UNS A92024 --- WC–Co --- wear mechanism --- tribology --- adhesion --- laser --- additive manufacturing --- laser beam machining --- laser polishing --- waviness --- roughness --- Inconel 718 --- Ti6Al4V alloy --- chip geometry --- dry machining --- parametric models --- turning --- UNS A92024-T3 --- corrosion --- surface integrity --- Ra --- residual stress --- functional performance --- ultimate tensile strength --- wear --- drilling --- machining --- dry drilling --- stack --- FML --- CFRP --- UNS A97075 --- stepped shaft --- cross wedge rolling --- plastic flow kinetic theories --- variable cone angle billets --- near-net forming --- gear manufacturing --- roughness model --- multitasking machines/multiprocess machines --- NEXAFS --- soft X-rays SXR --- SXR absorption spectroscopy --- respiratory movement --- lung tumor --- radiotherapy --- arduino --- cancer treatment --- linear accelerator --- ultrasonic molding --- microchannel --- thin-wall plate --- replicability --- polystyrene --- medical devices --- FDM --- PLA --- material color --- pigmentation --- extrusion temperature --- humidity --- micro-manufacturing --- manufacturing systems --- production planning --- polylactide (PLA) --- acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) --- tensile behaviour --- layer height --- infill density --- layer orientation --- cybernetics --- system dynamics --- production management --- maintenance management --- Viable System Model --- automotive industry --- hybrid components stack --- titanium --- magnesium --- repair and maintenance operations --- roughness average (Ra) --- ANOVA --- in-process measurement --- geometric accuracy --- grinding process --- tapered roller bearings --- single --- point --- incremental --- forming --- thermoplastics --- biocompatible --- temperature --- process --- parameters --- 3D printing --- correlation coefficients --- fused deposition modeling --- non-parametric tests --- surface roughness --- LMD --- laser metal deposition --- shielding gas --- argon --- helium --- melt pool temperature --- synthetic polymer --- bioprinting --- multi-material microextrusion --- bioink --- Selective Laser Melting --- thermo fluidic --- phase change --- consolidation --- Arbitrary Lagrangean–Eulerian Method --- metallic powder --- basalt fiber reinforced plastic (BFRP) --- delamination --- edge trimming --- tool wear --- scaffold --- PCL --- RepRap --- fused filament fabrication --- three-dimensional --- cell culture --- design --- topological optimization --- cost --- stock --- spare parts --- free-form filament fabrication (FFF) --- robot-assisted polishing --- force signal --- end point detection --- WAAM --- GMAW --- cold metal transfer --- hardness --- mechanical properties --- thermal input --- microstructure --- Synchrotron X-rays --- lithography --- curved substrate --- microstructures --- computed tomography --- surface extraction --- Canny algorithm --- Deriche algorithm --- carbon fiber reinforced polymer --- hole quality characteristics --- geometrical parameters --- roughness parameters --- taper --- heat affected zone --- product lifecycle management (PLM) --- manufacturing problem solving (MPS) --- fault diagnosis --- smart factory --- process failure mode and effect analysis (PFMEA) --- case-based reasoning (CBR) --- hole making --- surface texture --- contact measurement --- optical measurement --- delphi prospection --- education --- employment --- feature-based modeling --- inspection planning --- dimensional and geometrical specification --- process specification --- collaborative and integrated product-process development --- modeling --- laser processing --- simulation --- pyrometer --- aluminum --- brain --- rapid prototyping --- atlas --- rat --- magnetic resonance imaging --- educative model --- scaffolds --- porosity --- pore size --- multiobjective optimization --- priority dispatching rules --- simulation optimization --- job shop scheduling --- flexible manufacturing systems --- service-oriented manufacturing systems --- maintenance --- aircrat engine repair and overhaul (MRO) --- incremental forming --- FEM --- force prediction --- numerical model --- semi-analytical model --- specific energy --- welding distortion --- LSND (low stress no distortion) --- htTTT --- model validation --- Compression-After-Impact testing --- Compression-After-Impact strength --- carbon fiber reinforced plastics --- flat specimen --- AA7075 --- risk assessment --- dangerous substance --- Directive 89/391/EEC --- Directive 2012/18/EU --- ISO 45001:2018 standard --- emerging risk --- major accident --- manufacturing --- occupational accident --- risk management --- manufacturing industry --- bow-tie analysis --- pallet mover accidents --- accident analysis --- safety barriers --- sheet metal forming --- flanging --- hole-flanging --- incremental sheet forming --- Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) --- thickness distribution --- additive manufacturing and 3D printing --- advances and innovations in manufacturing processes --- sustainable and green manufacturing --- manufacturing systems: machines --- equipment and tooling --- metrology and quality in manufacturing --- product lifecycle management (PLM) technologies --- risks