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Decommissioning of both commercial and R&D nuclear facilities is expected to increase significantly in the coming years, and the largest of such industrial decommissioning projects could command considerable budgets. It is important to understand the costs of decommissioning projects in order to develop realistic cost estimates as early as possible based on preliminary decommissioning plans, but also to develop funding mechanisms to ensure that future decommissioning expenses can be adequately covered. Sound financial provisions need to be accumulated early on to reduce the potential risk for residual, unfunded liabilities and the burden on future generations, while ensuring environmental protection. Decommissioning planning can be subject to considerable uncertainties, particularly in relation to potential changes in financial markets, in energy policies or in the conditions and requirements for decommissioning individual nuclear installations, and such uncertainties need to be reflected in regularly updated cost estimates. This booklet offers a useful overview of the relevant aspects of financing the decommissioning of nuclear facilities. It provides information on cost estimation for decommissioning, as well as details about funding mechanisms and the management of funds based on current practice in NEA member countries.

Nuclear facilities --- Decommissioning. --- Decommissioning of nuclear facilities

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A report intended to help officials responsible for nuclear security to establish more effective systems for protecting against nuclear crimes, by drawing plausible inferences about actions and targets that adversaries are likely to prefer. Three categories of motivation are considered: ideological, economic, and personal. Possible criminals include, among others, psychotics, religious and philosophical fanatics, professional criminals, environmental extremists, political terrorists, adolescent pranksters, and disgruntled or self-seeking employees. Their crimes may range all the way from empty hoaxes to theft, sabotage, direct attack, and the holding of nuclear material or weapons for ransom or extortion. The report includes a matrix that identifies the most likely combinations of adversaries and actions, and indicates crimes that have already occurred or may have occurred.

Nuclear facilities --- Motivation (Psychology) --- Security measures

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This report explores the characteristics of 62 reported "insider" crimes that may provide insights into potential threats to the security of Department of Energy (DOE) nuclear weapons programs. In particular, it considers (1) the identity of the insiders, including their motivations, age, length of employment, and status within the corporation, institution, or government agency; (2) the particulars of the crimes, including the illegal actions perpetrated and, in the case of theft, what was taken, as well as how the insiders gained access to their target, and how they were persuaded to commit the crime; and (3) the effectiveness of the security procedures of the corporation, institution, or agency--specifically those implemented to prevent insider crime--and any changes in those procedures that might have resulted from these crimes. The study defines three types of insider crimes: those committed by insiders conspiring with outsiders, those committed by insiders conspiring with other insiders, and those committed by lone insiders. The authors find that the success of most of the incidents examined depended less on detailed planning or expert execution than on the exploitation of existing security flaws. Guard forces are a particular problem, as they were responsible for 41 percent of the crimes committed against guarded targets.

Nuclear industry --- Nuclear facilities --- Security measures --- Employees.

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One of the many important lessons learnt about nuclear safety over the years has been that human aspects of nuclear safety are as important as any technical issue that may arise in the course of nuclear operations. The international nuclear community can work together to identify and address issues associated with components and systems and compare operational experiences, but identifying how human behaviour affects safety and the best approaches to examine this behaviour from country to country remains less common. Practical experience has nevertheless shown that there are important differences in how people work together and communicate across borders. People's behaviours, attitudes and values do not stop at the gate of a nuclear installation, and awareness of the systemic nature of culture and its deeper aspects, such as the dynamics of how values and assumptions influence behaviours, continues to evolve. The NEA safety culture forum was created to gain a better understanding of how the national context affects safety culture in a given country and how operators and regulators perceive these effects in their day-to-day activities. The ultimate goal is to ensure safe nuclear operations. The first NEA safety culture forum - a collaborative effort between the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA), the World Association of Nuclear Operators (WANO) and the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM) - was held in Sweden in early 2018. This report outlines the process used to conduct the forum, reveals findings from the discussions and invites the nuclear community to further reflect and take action.

Nuclear power plants --- Nuclear energy --- Nuclear facilities --- Nuclear facilities --- Safety measures. --- Safety measures. --- Safety measures. --- Safety measures.

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Nuclear engineering --- Nuclear facilities --- Génie nucléaire --- Installations nucléaires --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Nuclear engineering. --- Nuclear facilities. --- nuclear installations --- nuclear reactors --- nuclear industry --- Nuclear Engineering. --- Atomic facilities --- Facilities, Nuclear --- Nuclear installations --- Nuclear energy --- Atomic power engineering --- Engineering --- Nuclear physics --- Nuclear Engineering --- kernenergie