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Public policy is regularly shaken by health crises or unexpected discoveries; future directions in toxicology assessment are therefore urgently needed. Convergent evidences suggest endocrine or nervous disrupting effects of pesticides, as well as effects on wildlife and the environment. These effects are amplified by the use of surfactants and/or combinations of different active principles. The usual concepts of regulatory toxicology are challenged by endocrine, nervous or immune disruption, or epigenetic effects. Indeed, most pollutants alter cell-cell communication systems to promote chronic diseases. They may accumulate in the food chain. Mixtures effects with other pollutants may change their bioavailability and their toxicity. The lack of scientific knowledge in these matters has large costs for public health. This Research Topic focuses on the toxic effects of pesticides associated with large scale cultivation of genetically modified (GM) plants.

Toxicity --- Bt toxins --- Pesticides --- Neonicotinoids --- Multidisciplinary research --- GM crops --- glyphosate

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Contaminants of emerging concern in water are an ongoing challenge globally. This Special Issue is devoted solely to emerging contaminants in water. Research papers in this Special Issue address sampling and analysis, treatment effectiveness, and regulation to limit human exposure. Emerging contaminants addressed include pharmaceuticals and personal care products, glyphosate, microplastics and nanoplastics, venlafaxine, and benzodiazepine. Regulation of emerging contaminants in drinking water is reviewed focusing on PFOA and PFOS.

Taiwan rivers --- water quality --- multivariate statistical analysis --- river pollution index --- pollution source apportionment --- emerging pollutants --- wastewater --- drinking water --- bank infiltration --- artificial recharge --- environmental pollution --- pharmaceuticals --- freshwaters --- crayfish --- environmental analysis --- glyphosate --- pesticides --- phenyldipyrrinate --- spectrophotometry --- water pollution --- average daily concentration --- mass loading --- micropollutants --- removal efficiency --- sampling mode --- uncertainties --- perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) --- perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS --- Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) --- US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) --- regulation --- best available technology (BAT) --- maximum contaminant level (MCL) --- nanoplastics --- microplastics --- removal --- settling --- centrifugation --- filtration --- n/a

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Pesticides are used worldwide, and despite the fact that organic farming is increasing, they are still widely applied in different countries with pesticide regulations and monitoring programs. This Special Issue will cover the topic of the presence of pesticide residues in food, paying special attention to the use of modern analytical techniques based on chromatographic techniques coupled to mass spectrometry. Generic extraction methods are needed to allow the detection of pesticides with different physic-chemical properties, as well as different families of contaminants can be extracted simultaneously. Nevertheless, pluriresidue methods are still necessary for “orphan” compounds that cannot be included in multiresidue methods. Thus, in addition to targeted pesticides, the scope of this analysis can be increased and nowadays, metabolites are also detected, evaluating the degradation of pesticide residues in different food matrices.

dispersive solid-liquid extraction --- sulfonylurea herbicides --- QuEChERS --- strawberry --- cleanup --- OCPs --- PCBs --- smoked pork meat products --- pancetta --- pork neck --- pork tenderloin --- sausage --- traditional and industrial smoking --- high polar pesticides --- UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS --- QuPPe --- pluri-residue analysis --- pesticide residues --- low-residue production --- zero-residue production --- half-lives --- pre-harvest interval --- lettuce --- onion --- leek --- carrot --- parsley --- phytohormones --- acidic herbicides --- fruits and vegetables --- multifamily method --- UHPLC–MS/MS --- residues in food --- pesticides --- LC-MS/MS --- GC-MS/MS --- honey --- persistent organic pollutants (POPs) --- glyphosate --- AMPA --- organic honey --- IC-HRMS --- food safety --- tea --- pyrethroid pesticide metabolite --- ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry --- modified QuEChERS --- herbicide residues --- non-residual production --- low-residual production --- pesticide degradation in vegetables --- n/a --- UHPLC-MS/MS