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In diesem Band werden Folgerungen aus den Ergebnissen der Bildungsstandardüberprüfungen in Mathematik auf der 8. Schulstufe (2012 und 2017) für den Unterricht aufgezeigt. Dazu werden die Daten anhand neuer Fragestellungen und Aspekte ausgewertet und anschließend fachdidaktisch für den praktischen Einsatz interpretiert. So sollen die Handelnden in der Aus-, Fort- und -Weiterbildung für Lehrer/innen sowie in den Schulen motiviert werden, die vorgestellten Ergebnisse für den eigenen Unterricht zu nutzen.

Quality assurance. --- Quality control

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Annotation Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is known to have far-ranging impacts on human health through to climate forcing. The characterization of emission sources and the quantification of specific source impacts to PM concentrations significantly enhance our understanding of, and our ability to, eventually predicting the fate and transport of atmospheric PM and its associated impacts on humans and the environment. Recent advances in source apportionment applications have contributed unique combinations of chemical and numerical techniques for determining the contributions of specific sources, including diesel exhaust and biomass burning. These advances also identify and help characterize the contributions of previously uncharacterized sources. Numerical modeling has also enabled estimations of contributions of emission sources to atmospherically processed PM in urban and rural regions. Investigation into the emissions sources driving air quality is currently of concern across the globe. This Special Issue offers studies at the intersection of air quality and source apportionment for study areas in China, Germany, Iceland, Mexico, and the United States. Studies cover diverse methods for chemical characterization and modeling of the impact of different emission sources on air quality.

Air quality.

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This paper sets out Management's response to the Independent Evaluation Office's (IEO) evaluation of IMF Forecasts: Process, Quality, and Country Perspectives.The implementation plan proposes specific actions to address the five recommendations that received broad support from the Executive Board, namely(i) maintaining the practice of commissioning external evaluations of IMF forecasts,(ii) enhancing the processes and incentives for learning from past forecast performance,(iii) extending guidance to desk economists on forecasting methodologies,(iv) publishing a description of the WEO forecasting process, and(iv) improving the public availability of data related to forecasts and outturns.Several of the proposed actions to address the Board-endorsed IEO recommendations have already been implemented following the Board discussion, while the implementation of some other actions is underway. This paper also explains how implementation will be monitored.

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Water quality. --- Freshwater --- Freshwater quality --- Marine water quality --- Quality of water --- Seawater --- Seawater quality --- Water --- Environmental quality --- Quality --- Composition

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Natural processes and human activities alter the properties and quality of soils over time. Nowadays, the growing interest in soil protection prompts abundant research to estimate soil quality in wide-ranging environmental scenarios. The assessment of soil quality entails the evaluation of the capability of a soil to perform its functions in present scenarios but also how those functions can be preserved for future land use. Currently, soil processes, physical, chemical, and biological properties are recognized as indicators to estimate soil quality. Soil processes and current trends in quality assessment provides a wide depiction of current research conducted in soil quality assessment, encompassing general studies on soil processes, evaluation of significant indicators of soil quality such as soil organic matter dynamic and soil-plant interaction, while presenting diverse strategies for soil fitness amelioration.

Soils Quality. --- Soils --- Quality. --- Soil quality --- Soil science, sedimentology