Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

"Tells the story of early modern European calculating machines, from the early attempts of Blaise Pascal in the 1640s through Charles Babbage{u2019}s efforts of the 1820s to 40s. All failed spectacularly. By exploring these failed technologies, Matthew L. Jones tracks diverse forms of technical life--different social arrangements of practitioners, different legal conceptions of the ownership of work and ideas, and different philosophical conceptions of knowledge and skill. Philosophers, engineers, and craftspeople wrote about their distinctive competencies, about technical novelty, and about the best way to coordinate their efforts, and drawing on these remarkably well-preserved records, Jones reveals the concrete processes of imagining, elaborating, testing, and building key components for calculating machines. By highlighting the makers and their conceptions of invention right up to the instauration of modern patent regimes and the solidification of the concept of Romantic genius, Jones argues that these conceptions of creativity and of making are often more incisive--and more honest--than those still dominating our own legal, political, and aesthetic culture."--Provided by publisher.

Calculators --- Computers --- Technology --- History --- History --- History

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Practical Astronomy with your Calculator, first published in 1979, has enjoyed immense success. The author's clear and easy to follow routines enable you to solve a variety of practical and recreational problems in astronomy using a scientific calculator. Mathematical complexity is kept firmly in the background, leaving just the elements necessary for swiftly making calculations. The major topics are: time, coordinate systems, the Sun, the planetary system, binary stars, the Moon, and eclipses. In the third edition there are entirely new sections on generalised coordinate transformations, nutrition, aberration, and selenographic coordinates. The calculations for sunrise and moonrise are improved. A larger page size has increased the clarity of the presentation. This handbook is essential for anyone who needs to make astronomical calculations. It will be enjoyed by amateur astronomers and appreciated by students studying introductory astronomy. • Clear presentation • Reliable approximations • Covers orbits, transformations, and general celestial phenomena • Can be used anywhere, worldwide • Routines extensively tested by thousands of readers round the world

Astronomy --- Calculators. --- Adding-machines --- Calculating-machines --- Computers, Mechanical --- Desk calculators --- Mathematical machines (Calculators) --- Mechanical computers --- Mathematical instruments --- Office equipment and supplies --- Arithmetic --- Computers --- Tabulating machines

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Before Palm Pilots and iPods, PCs and laptops, the term "computer" referred to the people who did scientific calculations by hand. These workers were neither calculating geniuses nor idiot savants but knowledgeable people who, in other circumstances, might have become scientists in their own right. When Computers Were Human represents the first in-depth account of this little-known, 200-year epoch in the history of science and technology. Beginning with the story of his own grandmother, who was trained as a human computer, David Alan Grier provides a poignant introduction to the wider world of women and men who did the hard computational labor of science. His grandmother's casual remark, "I wish I'd used my calculus," hinted at a career deferred and an education forgotten, a secret life unappreciated; like many highly educated women of her generation, she studied to become a human computer because nothing else would offer her a place in the scientific world. The book begins with the return of Halley's comet in 1758 and the effort of three French astronomers to compute its orbit. It ends four cycles later, with a UNIVAC electronic computer projecting the 1986 orbit. In between, Grier tells us about the surveyors of the French Revolution, describes the calculating machines of Charles Babbage, and guides the reader through the Great Depression to marvel at the giant computing room of the Works Progress Administration. When Computers Were Human is the sad but lyrical story of workers who gladly did the hard labor of research calculation in the hope that they might be part of the scientific community. In the end, they were rewarded by a new electronic machine that took the place and the name of those who were, once, the computers.

Mental calculators --- Science --- Calculus --- Calculating prodigies --- Calculators, Mental --- Computers, Human --- Human computers --- Gifted persons --- Mental arithmetic --- Natural science --- Natural sciences --- Science of science --- Sciences --- History. --- Mathematics

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Math is a subject many people find intimidating. But many don't understand the history of math and how it came to be what it is today. Here, G. Arnell Williams illuminates, in plain and simple terms, how we got the math we use today, the math our children learn, and the math we struggle at times to explain.

Mathematics --- Arithmetic --- Set theory --- Calculators --- Numbers, Real --- Math --- Science --- Study and teaching (Early childhood) --- Parent participation.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Arithmetic --- -#PEDA *6.546 --- #PEDA *6.06 --- #PEDA *6.041.3 --- Mathematics --- Set theory --- Calculators --- Numbers, Real --- Study and teaching --- #PEDA *6.546