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Vormoderne Texte erzählen vielfach Geschichten von mächtigen Herrschern und tapferen Kriegern, wobei sie deren Männlichkeit literarisch Gestalt verleihen. Im historischen (Antike, Mittelalter, Neuzeit) und interdisziplinären Vergleich ist festzustellen, dass es sich aber um semantisch sehr unterschiedliche Männlichkeitsentwürfe handelt, die die Erzählungen hervorbringen. 00Diesem pluralen Männlichkeitsverständnis trägt der vorliegende Band Rechnung, indem die einzelnen Beiträge nicht nur die ?klassischen? männlichen Idealtypen (Ritter, Heilige, Hausväter, Gelehrte) fokussieren, sondern auch Abweichungen von der hegemonialen Norm vormoderner Männlichkeit beleuchten. Typische männliche Praktiken und Handlungsmodelle, die gewaltförmig (Kampf, Duell) oder gewaltlos (Wissen, Galanterie, Askese) im Spannungsfeld von Ehre und Schande stehen, werden in den Beiträgen perspektiviert und hinterfragt. Sie lassen das vormoderne Männlichkeitsnarrativ ebenso konstruiert und facettenreich erscheinen wie moderne Maskulinität.

Masculinity in literature. --- Masculinity --- Honor in literature. --- Honor --- Masculinité dans la littérature. --- Masculinité --- Honneur dans la littérature. --- Honneur --- History. --- History. --- Histoire. --- Histoire.

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"In the predawn hours of April 12, 1861, James Chesnut Jr. piloted a small skiff across the Charleston Harbor and delivered the fateful order to open fire on Fort Sumter-the first shots of the Civil War. In The Man Who Started the Civil War, Anna Koivusalo offers the first comprehensive biography of Chesnut and through him a history of emotion and honor in elite white southern culture. Rather than static ideas, Koivusalo reveals the dynamic, and at times fragile, nature of these concepts as they were tested and transformed from the era of slavery through Reconstruction. Best remembered as the husband of Mary Boykin Chesnut, author of A Diary from Dixie, James Chesnut served in the South Carolina legislature and as a US senator before becoming a leading figure in the South's secession from the Union. Koivusalo recounts how honor and emotion shaped Chesnut's life events and the decisions that culminated in his ordering of the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter. Challenging the traditional view of honor as a code, Koivusalo sheds light on honor's vital but fickle role as a source for summoning, channeling, and expressing appropriate emotions in the nineteenth-century South"-- "In the pre-dawn hours of April 12, 1861 James Chesnut Jr. hand-delivered a message to Major Robert Anderson, the U.S. Army commander at Fort Sumter. Chesnut informed Anderson that Confederate guns would commence the bombardment of the fort within the hour. Chesnut then piloted a small skiff across the dark waters of Charleston Harbor and delivered a fateful order to the batteries stationed on James Island. They were to open fire on Fort Sumter. Chesnut had just ordered the first shots of the Civil War. In 'The Man Who Started the Civil War' historian Anna Koivusalo offers the first full-length biography of South Carolina soldier and politician James Chesnut Jr. Prior to the Civil War, Chesnut served in both the South Carolina House and Senate before being appointed as a US Senator from South Carolina in 1858. Chesnut resigned his position in the US Senate shortly after the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860. During the Civil War he served on the staff of Confederate President Jefferson Davis and was later appointed brigadier general of South Carolina reserve troops. Today he is probably best remembered as the husband of memoirist Mary Boykin Chesnut, whose wildly popular book 'A Diary from Dixie' remains an important source for understanding the Civil War era. In fact, Mary Chesnut had intended to write a biography of her husband, but she died before she was able. Koivusalo not only finishes that work, but in so doing deepens and expands our understanding of antebellum southern society, the coming of the Civil War, and its aftermath. 'The Man Who Started the Civil War' is more than just a biography of Chesnut, it is an emotional history of the man and his society. It deftly weaves together the history of emotions and the study of southern honor, showing how honor served as a dynamic means of creating, refining, and expressing honorable emotions. Understanding that the emotional worlds of elite white southerners like James Chesnut is crucial to understanding the coming of the Civil War. Focusing on the role of emotion in the coming of the Civil War does not ignore the central role of slavery. Both honor culture and honorable emotional expression were predicated on the existence of slavery. Without enslavement, there could be no mastery for men like Chesnut. It was one of the things they feared most. Honor and emotion were also central to the proslavery argument and Koivusalo shows how Chesnut and others used emotional expression to justify slavery and thus preserve the wealth and privilege of the upper class. But understanding the how and when of the Civil War requires more than just acknowledging the role of slavery. Koivusalo helps readers to understand why political solutions came to be seen as untenable and why the war came in 1861 rather than earlier or later. These are questions that have long vexed historians. Because Chesnut's life spanned the antebellum and postbellum years, Koivusalo is also able to explore how the war shifted and shattered pre-war conceptions of honor and emotional expression. The latter portions of the book examine Chesnuts' attempts, largely unsuccessful, to navigate that postwar world"--

Honneur --- Soldiers --- Honor --- Chesnut, James, --- Confederate States of America. --- Officers --- United States --- United States. --- Southern States. --- South Carolina. --- Caroline du Sud --- États-Unis (Sud) --- South Carolina --- Southern States --- Moeurs et coutumes --- History --- Social life and customs

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Mothers, wives, concubines, entertainers, attendants, officials, maids, drudges. By offering the first comparative view of the women who lived, worked, and served in royal courts around the globe, this work opens a new perspective on the monarchies that have dominated much of human history. Written by leading historians, anthropologists, and archeologists, these lively essays take us from Mayan states to twentieth-century Benin in Nigeria, to the palace of Japanese Shoguns, the Chinese Imperial courts, eighteenth-century Versailles, Mughal India, and beyond. Together they investigate how women's roles differed, how their roles changed over time, and how their histories can illuminate the structures of power and societies in which they lived. This work also furthers our understanding of how royal courts, created to project the authority of male rulers, maintained themselves through the reproductive and productive powers of women.

Courtesans --- Courts and courtiers --- Ladies-in-waiting --- Favorites, Royal --- Harems --- Courtisanes --- Cour et courtisans --- Dames d'honneur --- Favorites --- Harems (Femmes) --- History. --- Histoire --- J4201 --- J4624 --- Harem --- Polygyny --- Court favorites --- Royal favorites --- Queens --- Court and courtiers --- Courtiers --- Kings and rulers --- Manners and customs --- Prostitutes --- History --- Japan: Sociology and anthropology -- communities -- social classes and groups -- upper class, elite --- Japan: Politics and law -- state -- emperor --- african royal harem. --- anthropology. --- archeology. --- attendants. --- aztec royalty. --- benin. --- chinese imperial courts. --- concubines. --- drudges. --- entertainers. --- french royalty. --- gender and power. --- gender studies. --- global history. --- history. --- human history. --- japanese shogun. --- maids. --- male rulers. --- mayan states. --- men and women. --- monarchy. --- mothers. --- mughal india. --- nigeria. --- nobility. --- officials. --- patriarchal society. --- productive power. --- reproductive power. --- royal courts. --- royalty. --- sex. --- versailles. --- wives. --- women in royal courts. --- world history.

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Since Russia has re-emerged as a global power, its foreign policies have come under close scrutiny. In Russia and the West from Alexander to Putin, Andrei P. Tsygankov identifies honor as the key concept by which Russia's international relations are determined. He argues that Russia's interests in acquiring power, security and welfare are filtered through this cultural belief and that different conceptions of honor provide an organizing framework that produces policies of cooperation, defensiveness and assertiveness in relation to the West. Using ten case studies spanning a period from the early nineteenth century to the present day - including the Holy Alliance, the Triple Entente and the Russia-Georgia war - Tsygankov's theory suggests that when it perceives its sense of honor to be recognized, Russia cooperates with the Western nations; without such a recognition it pursues independent policies either defensively or assertively.

Honor --- Political science --- Political aspects --- History. --- International Relations --- General. --- Russia --- Russia (Federation) --- Foreign relations --- History --- Honneur --- Histoire --- Western countries --- Russie --- Occident --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Relations extérieures --- Honour --- Chivalry --- Conduct of life --- Russian Federation --- Rossiyskaya Federatsiya --- Rossiya (Federation) --- Rossii︠a︡ (Federation) --- Российская Федерация --- Rossiĭskai︠a︡ Federat︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Російська Федерація --- Rosiĭsʹka Federat︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Federazione della Russia --- Russische Föderation --- RF --- Federation of Russia --- Urysye Federat︠s︡ie --- Правительство России --- Pravitelʹstvo Rossii --- Правительство Российской Федерации --- Pravitelʹstvo Rossiĭskoĭ Federat︠s︡ii --- Правительство РФ --- Pravitelʹstvo RF --- Rosja (Federation) --- O-lo-ssu (Federation) --- Roshia Renpō --- Federazione russa --- OKhU --- Orosyn Kholboony Uls --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- Rossīi︠a︡ --- Rossīĭskai︠a︡ Imperīi︠a︡ --- Russia (Provisional government, 1917) --- Russia (Vremennoe pravitelʹstvo, 1917) --- Russland --- Ṛusastan --- Russia (Tymchasovyĭ uri︠a︡d, 1917) --- Russian Empire --- Rosja --- Russia (Territory under White armies, 1918-1920) --- Eluosi (Federation) --- 俄罗斯 (Federation) --- Social Sciences --- Political Science --- Honor - Political aspects - Russia - History --- Honor - Political aspects - Russia (Federation) - History --- Russia - Foreign relations - Western countries --- Russia (Federation) - Foreign relations - Western countries --- RF (Russian Federation) --- Россия (Federation)