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"Les articles de ce livre font suite à cinq débats qui se sont tenus à la Bibliothèque publique d'information-Centre Georges Pompidou, en collaboration avec le Centre de documentation et d'information d'éthique pour les sciences de la vie et de la santé (INSERM) et le Collège international de philosophie, du 12 mars au 9 avril 1987"-- T.p. verso.

Medical ethics --- Human rights --- Ethique médicale --- Droits de l'homme (Droit international) --- Congresses. --- Ethics, Medical. --- Human Experimentation. --- #GBIB:CBMER --- Human Research Subject Protection --- Experimentation, Human --- Helsinki Declaration --- Bioethical Issues --- Ethics, Research --- Embryo Research --- Fetal Research --- Research Subjects --- Medical Ethics --- Medicine --- Professionalism --- Bioethics --- ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION --- congresses --- congresses. --- Ethics, medical --- Human experimentation --- Ethique médicale --- Human Experimentation --- Congresses --- Medical ethics. --- Bioethics. --- Medical laws and legislation.

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Human experimentation in medicine --- Clinical trials --- Expérimentation humaine en médecine --- Etudes cliniques --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Aspect moral --- Clinical Trials as Topic. --- Ethics, Medical. --- Human Experimentation. --- -Human experimentation in medicine --- -#GBIB:CBMER --- Experimentation on humans, Medical --- Medical experimentation on humans --- Medical ethics --- Medicine --- Medicine, Experimental --- Controlled clinical trials --- Patient trials of new treatments --- Randomized clinical trials --- Trials, Clinical --- Clinical medicine --- Human Research Subject Protection --- Experimentation, Human --- Helsinki Declaration --- Bioethical Issues --- Ethics, Research --- Embryo Research --- Fetal Research --- Research Subjects --- Medical Ethics --- Professionalism --- Bioethics --- Clinical Trial as Topic --- Clinical Protocols --- Drug Evaluation --- Drugs, Investigational --- Clinical Trials Data Monitoring Committees --- Therapies, Investigational --- Research --- ethics --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Expérimentation humaine en médecine --- Clinical Trials as Topic --- Ethics, Medical --- Human Experimentation --- #GBIB:CBMER --- Addresses, essays, lectures

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At the end of the Second World War, a diagnosis of cancer was a death sentence. Sixty years later, it is considered a chronic disease rather than one that is invariably fatal. Although survival rates have improved, the very word continues to evoke a special terror and guilt, inspiring scientists and politicians to wage war against it. In Under the Radar, Ellen Leopold shows how nearly every aspect of our understanding and discussion of cancer bears the imprint of its Cold War entanglement. The current biases toward individual rather than corporate responsibility for rising incidence rates, research that promotes treatment rather than prevention, and therapies that can be patented and marketed all reflect a largely hidden history shaped by the Cold War. Even the language we use to describe the disease, such as the guiding metaphor for treatment, "fight fire with fire," can be traced back to the middle of the twentieth century. Writing in a lucid style, Leopold documents the military, governmental, industrial, and medical views of radiation and atomic energy to examine the postwar response to cancer through the prism of the Cold War. She explores the role of radiation in cancer therapies today, using case studies and mammogram screening, in particular, to highlight the surprising parallels. Taking into account a wide array of disciplines, this book challenges our understanding of cancer and how we approach its treatment. Examines the postwar response to cancer through the prism of the Cold War Goes beyond medical science to look at the influence of Cold War policies on the way we think about cancer today Links the experience of postwar cancer patients with the broader evolution of what have become cancer industries Traces the history of human-made radiation as a state-sponsored environmental toxin

Radiotherapy --- Radioactive Fallout --- Patient Rights --- Human Experimentation --- History, 20th Century --- Cobalt Radioisotopes --- Neoplasms --- Radiation carcinogenesis --- Radioactive fallout --- Informed consent (Medical law) --- Cold War --- Cobalt --- Cancer --- World politics --- Transition metals --- Cancers --- Carcinoma --- Malignancy (Cancer) --- Malignant tumors --- Tumors --- Radiation-induced cancer --- Radiation-induced tumors --- Tumors, Radiation-induced --- Carcinogenesis --- Radiation injuries --- Dust, Radioactive --- Fallout, Radioactive --- Radioactive dust --- Atomic bomb --- Fallout shelters --- Fission products --- Hydrogen bomb --- Nuclear energy and meteorology --- Radioactive pollution --- Radioactive pollution of the atmosphere --- Radioactive substances --- Benign Neoplasms --- Malignancy --- Malignant Neoplasms --- Neoplasia --- Neoplasm --- Neoplasms, Benign --- Benign Neoplasm --- Malignancies --- Malignant Neoplasm --- Neoplasias --- Neoplasm, Benign --- Neoplasm, Malignant --- Neoplasms, Malignant --- Tumor --- Medical Oncology --- Radioisotopes, Cobalt --- 20th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 20th Cent. History of Medicine --- 20th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 20th Century --- History of Medicine, 20th Cent. --- History, Twentieth Century --- Medical History, 20th Cent. --- Medicine, 20th Cent. --- 20th Century History --- 20th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 20th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 20th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 20th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 20th --- Century Histories, Twentieth --- Century History, 20th --- Century History, Twentieth --- Histories, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 20th Century --- Histories, Twentieth Century --- History, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Twentieth Century Histories --- Twentieth Century History --- Human Research Subject Protection --- Experimentation, Human --- Helsinki Declaration --- Bioethical Issues --- Ethics, Research --- Embryo Research --- Fetal Research --- Research Subjects --- Patient's Rights --- Patients' Rights --- Right to Treatment --- Patient Right --- Patient's Right --- Patients Rights --- Patients' Right --- Right to Treatments --- Right, Patient --- Right, Patient's --- Right, Patients' --- Rights, Patient --- Rights, Patient's --- Rights, Patients' --- Treatment, Right to --- Treatments, Right to --- Patient Advocacy --- Truth Disclosure --- Fallouts, Radioactive --- Radioactive Fallouts --- Atomic Bomb Survivors --- Nuclear Warfare --- Radiation Therapy --- Radiation Therapy, Targeted --- Radiation Treatment --- Targeted Radiation Therapy --- Radiotherapy, Targeted --- Targeted Radiotherapy --- Radiation Therapies --- Radiation Therapies, Targeted --- Radiation Treatments --- Radiotherapies --- Radiotherapies, Targeted --- Targeted Radiation Therapies --- Targeted Radiotherapies --- Therapies, Radiation --- Therapies, Targeted Radiation --- Therapy, Radiation --- Therapy, Targeted Radiation --- Treatment, Radiation --- Disease --- Radiation --- history --- Health aspects --- Isotopes --- Therapeutic use --- History --- radiotherapy --- therapeutic use

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A legal and moral analysis of medical decision making on behalf of those with such severe cognitive impairments that they cannot exercise self-determination.In this book, Norman Cantor analyzes the legal and moral status of people with profound mental disabilities--those with extreme cognitive impairments that prevent their exercise of medical self-determination. He proposes a legal and moral framework for surrogate medical decision making on their behalf. The issues Cantor explores will be of interest to professionals in law, medicine, psychology, philosophy, and ethics, as well as to parents, guardians, and health care providers who face perplexing issues in the context of surrogate medical decision making.The profoundly mentally disabled are thought by some moral philosophers to lack the minimum cognitive ability for personhood. Countering this position, Cantor advances both theoretical and practical arguments for according them full legal and moral status. He also argues that the concept of intrinsic human dignity should have an integral role in shaping the bounds of surrogate decision making. Thus, he claims, while profoundly mentally disabled persons are not entitled to make their own medical decisions, respect for intrinsic human dignity dictates their right to have a conscientious surrogate make medical decisions on their behalf. Cantor discusses the criteria that bind such surrogates. He asserts, contrary to popular wisdom, that the best interests of the disabled person are not always the determinative standard: the interests of family or others can sometimes be considered. Surrogates may even, consistent with the intrinsic human dignity standard, sometimes authorize tissue donation or participation in nontherapeutic medical research by profoundly disabled persons. Intrinsic human dignity limits the occasions for such decisions and dictates close attention to the preferences and feelings of the profoundly disabled persons themselves. Cantor also analyzes the underlying philosophical rationale that makes these decision-making criteria consistent with law and morals.

Conservatorships --- Informed consent (Medical law) --- Insanity (Law) --- Medical ethics --- Mental health laws --- Consentement éclairé (Droit médical) --- Droit à la mort --- Santé mentale --- Tutelle et curatelle --- Éthique médicale --- Mental Competency --- Mentally Disabled Persons --- Decision Making --- Informed Consent --- Legal Guardians --- Right to Die --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Human Rights --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Human Experimentation --- Social Control, Formal --- Jurisprudence --- Principle-Based Ethics --- Sterilization, Reproductive --- Freedom --- Disabled Persons --- Ethics --- Thinking --- Social Control, Informal --- Persons --- Health Services --- Named Groups --- Sociology --- Philosophy --- Humanities --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Biomedical Research --- Investigative Techniques --- Mental Processes --- Research --- Urogenital Surgical Procedures --- Health Care --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Science --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Social Sciences --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Ethical Analysis --- Personal Autonomy --- Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation --- Personhood --- Tissue and Organ Procurement --- Third-Party Consent --- Coercion --- Patient Rights --- Sterilization, Involuntary --- Law - U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Disabled Legislation - U.S. --- Decision making. --- Droit --- Prise de décision. --- legislation & jurisprudence --- ethics --- Decision making --- United States --- Libertarianism --- Liberty --- Freedoms --- Female Sterilization --- Female Sterilization, Voluntary --- Male Sterilization --- Male Sterilization, Voluntary --- Reproductive Sterilization --- Voluntary Sterilization --- Female Sterilizations --- Female Sterilizations, Voluntary --- Male Sterilizations --- Male Sterilizations, Voluntary --- Reproductive Sterilizations --- Sterilization, Female --- Sterilization, Male --- Sterilization, Voluntary --- Sterilizations, Female --- Sterilizations, Male --- Sterilizations, Reproductive --- Sterilizations, Voluntary --- Voluntary Female Sterilization --- Voluntary Female Sterilizations --- Voluntary Male Sterilization --- Voluntary Male Sterilizations --- Voluntary Sterilizations --- Principlism --- Ethic, Principle-Based --- Ethics, Principle-Based --- Principle Based Ethics --- Principle-Based Ethic --- Constitutional Law --- Court Decision --- Law --- Legal Aspects --- Legal Obligations --- Legal Status --- State Interest --- Litigation --- Medical Jurisprudence --- Aspect, Legal --- Aspects, Legal --- Constitutional Laws --- Court Decisions --- Decision, Court --- Decisions, Court --- Interest, State --- Interests, State --- Jurisprudence, Medical --- Law, Constitutional --- Laws --- Laws, Constitutional --- Legal Aspect --- Legal Obligation --- Litigations --- Obligation, Legal --- Obligations, Legal --- State Interests --- Status, Legal --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Human Research Subject Protection --- Experimentation, Human --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Equal Rights --- Equal Right --- Human Right --- Right, Equal --- Right, Human --- Rights, Equal --- Rights, Human --- Conservators --- Law and mental illness --- Mental disability law --- Mental health --- Mental illness --- Mental illness and law --- Mentally ill --- People with mental disabilities --- Decision Making, Shared --- Decision Makings, Shared --- Making, Shared Decision --- Makings, Shared Decision --- Shared Decision Making --- Shared Decision Makings --- Death with Dignity --- Dignity, Death with --- Guardian, Legal --- Guardians, Legal --- Legal Guardian --- Consent, Informed --- Competence --- Incompetence, Mental --- Mental Competence --- Competency, Mental --- Incompetency, Mental --- Competence, Mental --- Mental Incompetence --- Mental Incompetency --- Mentally Retarded --- Mentally Disabled --- Mentally Handicapped --- Disabled, Mentally --- Mentally Disabled Person --- Person, Mentally Disabled --- Persons, Mentally Disabled --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Compulsory Sterilization --- Forced Sterilization --- Involuntary Sterilization --- Compulsory Sterilizations --- Forced Sterilizations --- Involuntary Sterilizations --- Sterilization, Compulsory --- Sterilization, Forced --- Sterilizations, Compulsory --- Sterilizations, Forced --- Sterilizations, Involuntary --- Patient's Rights --- Patients' Rights --- Right to Treatment --- Patient Right --- Patient's Right --- Patients Rights --- Patients' Right --- Right to Treatments --- Right, Patient --- Right, Patient's --- Right, Patients' --- Rights, Patient --- Rights, Patient's --- Rights, Patients' --- Treatment, Right to --- Treatments, Right to --- Involuntary Fertility Control --- Fertility Control, Involuntary --- Donor Cards --- Organ Donation --- Required Organ Donation Request --- Required Request --- Tissue Donation --- Organ Procurement --- Organ Procurement Systems --- Tissue Procurement --- Card, Donor --- Cards, Donor --- Donor Card --- Organ Donations --- Organ Procurement System --- Organ Procurements --- Required Requests --- Tissue Donations --- Tissue Procurements --- Human Dignity --- Dignity, Human --- Nontherapeutic Research --- Research, Nontherapeutic --- Human Experimentation, Nontherapeutic --- Experimentation, Nontherapeutic Human --- Free Will --- Self Determination --- Autonomy, Personal --- Analysis, Ethical --- Analyses, Ethical --- Ethical Analyses --- Natural Sciences --- Physical Sciences --- Discipline, Natural Science --- Disciplines, Natural Science --- Natural Science --- Natural Science Discipline --- Physical Science --- Science, Natural --- Science, Physical --- Sciences, Natural --- Sciences, Physical --- Ghost Surgery --- Operative Procedures --- Operative Surgical Procedure --- Operative Surgical Procedures --- Procedure, Operative Surgical --- Procedures, Operative Surgical --- Surgery, Ghost --- Surgical Procedure, Operative --- Operative Procedure --- Procedure, Operative --- Procedures, Operative --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Sciences --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Healthcare Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Procedure, Urogenital Surgical --- Procedures, Urogenital Surgical --- Surgical Procedure, Urogenital --- Surgical Procedures, Urogenital --- Urogenital Surgical Procedure --- Laboratory Research --- Research Activities --- Research and Development --- Research Priorities --- Activities, Research --- Activity, Research --- Development and Research --- Priorities, Research --- Priority, Research --- Research Activity --- Research Priority --- Research, Laboratory --- Human Information Processing --- Information Processing, Human --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Experimental Medicine --- Investigational Medicine --- Investigative Medicine --- Research, Biomedical --- Research, Medical --- Medical Research --- Medicine, Experimental --- Medicine, Investigational --- Medicine, Investigative --- Philosophical Overview --- Hedonism --- Stoicism --- Overview, Philosophical --- Overviews, Philosophical --- Philosophical Overviews --- Philosophies --- General Social Development and Population --- Services, Health --- Health Service --- Service, Health --- Person --- Informal Social Control --- Control, Informal Social --- Controls, Informal Social --- Informal Social Controls --- Social Controls, Informal --- Critical Thinking --- Thinking Skills --- Thinking Skill --- Thinking, Critical --- Egoism --- Ethical Issues --- Metaethics --- Moral Policy --- Natural Law --- Situational Ethics --- Ethical Issue --- Ethics, Situational --- Issue, Ethical --- Issues, Ethical --- Law, Natural --- Laws, Natural --- Moral Policies --- Natural Laws --- Policies, Moral --- Policy, Moral --- Physically Disabled --- Handicapped --- People with Disabilities --- Persons with Disabilities --- Physically Challenged --- Physically Handicapped --- Disabilities, People with --- Disabilities, Persons with --- Disability, Persons with --- Disabled Person --- Disabled, Physically --- Handicapped, Physically --- People with Disability --- Person, Disabled --- Persons with Disability --- Persons, Disabled --- Law and legislation --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Community Consent --- Third Party Consent --- Spousal Consent --- Community Consents --- Consent, Community --- Consent, Spousal --- Consent, Third Party --- Consent, Third-Party --- Consents, Community --- Population Control --- Ethical Theory --- Defamation --- Lawyers --- Public Policy --- Helsinki Declaration --- Bioethical Issues --- Ethics, Research --- Embryo Research --- Fetal Research --- Research Subjects --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Social Justice --- Human Rights Abuses --- Guardian and ward --- Problem Solving --- Euthanasia --- Advance Directives --- Living Wills --- Treatment Refusal --- Disclosure --- Therapeutic Misconception --- Insanity Defense --- Comprehension --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Patient Advocacy --- Truth Disclosure --- Behavior Control --- Mandatory Programs --- Informed Consent By Minors --- Proxy --- Tissue and Organ Harvesting --- Beginning of Human Life --- Human Characteristics --- Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic --- Self Concept --- Professional Autonomy --- Paternalism --- General Surgery --- Animals, Laboratory --- Pharmacy Philosophy --- Pharmacy Philosophies --- Philosophies, Pharmacy --- Philosophy, Pharmacy --- Power (Psychology) --- Social Conformity --- Thought --- Thoughts --- Censorship, Research --- Rehabilitation Research --- Bedridden Persons --- Immobilization --- Sports for Persons with Disabilities --- Health Services for Persons with Disabilities --- Freedom of Religion --- Religious Freedom --- Right to Movement --- Freedom, Religious --- Freedoms, Religious --- Movement, Right to --- Movements, Right to --- Religion Freedom --- Religion Freedoms --- Religious Freedoms --- Right to Movements --- to Movement, Right --- to Movements, Right --- Collective Human Rights --- Linguistic Rights --- Right to Housing and Shelter --- Rights of Indigenous Peoples --- Human Rights, Collective --- Indigenous Peoples Rights --- Rights, Collective Human --- Rights, Linguistic --- Citizen Science --- Power, Psychological --- PHILOSOPHY/Ethics & Bioethics --- BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES/General