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Orbiting astronomical observatories

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This is the story of humankind's quest over centuries to learn the true nature of the most dominant object in our Solar System: the Sun. Award-winning science writer Peter Bond describes in detail how our ideas about the Sun have changed over the millennia, starting with the simple observations of classical astronomy and continuing through telescopic observations to the age of nuclear physics. He shows how we discovered the Sun's basic characteristics -- its distance, size, temperature and composition -- and then describes how, with evermore sophisticated instruments, we have learned about the Sun's enormous energy output, its atmosphere and the explosive eruptions that blast clouds of magnetized gas and high-energy particles toward our world. Most of this book focuses on the Space Age, when suborbital rockets and satellites have probed every aspect of our nearby star. Each of these missions is described in detail, with summaries of their objectives, spacecraft designs, scientific payloads and results. The book also looks forward, describing forthcoming missions that will shed new light on remaining solar mysteries, notably the source of the energy that heats the outer corona to millions of degrees. Richly illustrated with mission photos, design diagrams, and infocharts, this book is a fascinating read for anybody interested in the Sun and our attempts to unravel its secrets.

Orbiting solar observatories. --- Sun --- Observations. --- Research. --- Orbiting astronomical observatories --- OSO (Orbiting solar observatories) --- Solar observatories, Orbiting --- Temperature.

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This volume gives an historical overview of the development of professional optical and radio observatories from 1945 to today. It covers the environment in which these facilities were developed by organisations in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, often led by larger-than-life individuals, as well as exploring the financial and political factors that both constrained and encouraged progress. As ever more expensive optical facilities were built, they exploited new technologies to significantly improve their performance: CCDs, active and adaptive optics, and spun honeycomb and segmented mirrors. The second half of this volume turns to the parallel history of radio astronomy facilities throughout the world, finishing with the ALMA observatory in Chile. This is the ground-based companion to the author's previous work on space astronomy, New Cosmic Horizons (2001). It is written for both technical and non-technical readers interested in the modern history of astronomy and its observational facilities.

Astronomical observatories. --- Radio astronomy observatories. --- Observatories. --- Telescopes. --- Radio telescopes. --- Astronomy --- History --- Radio telescope --- Radiotelescopes --- Telescopes --- Radar telescopes --- Astronomical telescopes --- Optical telescopes --- Telescope --- Astronomical instruments --- Optical instruments --- Astronomical observatories --- Observatories --- Buildings --- Research

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The Weather Observer's Handbook provides a comprehensive, practical and independent guide to all aspects of making weather observations. Automatic weather stations today form the mainstay of both amateur and professional weather observing networks around the world and yet - prior to this book - there existed no independent guide to their selection and use. Traditional and modern weather instruments are covered, including how best to choose and to site a weather station, how to get the best out of your equipment, how to store and analyse your records and how to share your observations with other people and across the Internet. From amateur observers looking for help in choosing their first weather instruments on a tight budget to professional observers looking for a comprehensive and up-to-date guide covering World Meteorological Organization recommendations on observing methods and practices, all will welcome this handbook.

Meteorological instruments --- Meteorological stations --- Meteorology --- Atmospheric physics --- Aerophysics --- Meteorology, Physical --- Physical meteorology --- Atmospheric science --- Instruments, Meteorological --- Physical instruments --- Geophysical instruments --- Meteorological observatories --- Observatories, Meteorological --- Stations, Meteorological --- Weather stations --- Geophysical observatories --- Observatories --- Meteorological instruments - Handbooks, manuals, etc --- Meteorological stations - Handbooks, manuals, etc

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This book develops an original theory of the search for space objects, on which only crude orbital information is known. It uses a special principle to construct a plan for searching for such objects through optical or radar sensors. This principle maximally eliminates the loss of the sought-for object and provides an economical use of the resources used in the search. This book will be of great interest for astronomers-observers, space control services, space researchers, and students at technical universities.

Space perception. --- Astronomy --- Astronomical instruments. --- Observatories --- Environmental monitoring. --- Astronomie --- Observatoires. --- Environnement --- Observations. --- Instruments. --- Surveillance.