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The processes of freezing and melting were present at the beginnings of the Earth and continue to dominate the natural and industrial worlds. The solidification of a liquid or the melting of a solid involves a complex interplay of many physical effects. This 2001 book presents in a systematic way the field of continuum solidification theory based on instability phenomena. An understanding of the physics is developed by using examples of increasing complexity with the object of creating a deep physical insight applicable to more complex problems. Applied mathematicians, engineers, physicists, and materials scientists will all find this volume of interest.

Solidification. --- Crystallization --- Heat --- Melting points --- Solutions, Solid --- Solidification

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This collection of papers provides the most up-to-date information available for researchers and engineers who are interested in any aspect of the field of solidification processes. Herein, theoretical analyses are presented, as well as studies of the technological problems which are associated with solidification in various gravitational environments. The topics covered range from fundamental aspects and modelling, to practical engineering applications. The contents are presented under the headings of: I. Microgravity effect; II. Rapid solidification, Glasses; III. Single crystal, Semi solid;

Microstructure --- Materials --- Solidification --- Effect of high gravity on

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Hazardous wastes --- Glass. --- Glass ceramics. --- Borates. --- Tellurates. --- Tellurates --- Tellurite compounds --- Trioxidotellurates --- Trioxotellurates --- Oxo compounds --- Tellurium compounds --- Devitrified glass --- Pyroceram --- Pyroceramics --- Ceramics --- Glass --- Amorphous substances --- Glazing --- Solidification --- Soil vitrification --- Solidification. --- Chemical fixation --- Fixation

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Principles of Solidification  offers comprehensive descriptions of liquid-to-solid transitions encountered in shaped casting, welding, and non-biological bulk crystal growth processes. The book logically develops through careful presentation of relevant thermodynamic and kinetic theories and models of solidification occurring in a variety of materials. Major topics encompass the liquid-state, liquid-solid transformations, chemical macro- and microsegregation, purification by fractional crystallization and zone refining, solid-liquid interfaces, polyphase freezing, and rapid solidification processing. Solid-liquid interfaces are discussed quantitatively both as sharp and diffuse entities, with supporting differential geometric descriptions. The book offers: ¢ Detailed mathematical examples throughout to guide readers ¢ Applications of solidification and crystal growth methodologies for preparation and purification of metals, ceramics, polymers and semiconductors ¢ Appendices providing supporting information on special topics covered in the chapters. Readers in materials, metallurgical, chemical, and mechanical engineering will find this to be a useful source on the subjects of solidification and crystal growth. Chemists, physicists, and geologists concerned with melting/freezing phenomena will also find much of value in this book.

Thermodynamics --- Mechanical properties of solids --- Solid state physics --- Macromolecules --- Materials sciences --- thermodynamica --- materiaalkennis --- fysica --- polymeren --- warmteoverdracht --- Solidification --- Metals --- Crystallization --- Métaux --- Cristallisation --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVCHIMI SPRINGER-B --- 548.2 --- 66.065 --- 548.2 Crystal growths. Crystalline aggregates --- Crystal growths. Crystalline aggregates --- 66.065 Solidification. Precipitation. Crystallization. Inspissation --- Solidification. Precipitation. Crystallization. Inspissation --- Heat --- Melting points --- Solutions, Solid --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Chemistry --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Separation (Technology)

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Ceramic materials. --- Nanocrystals. --- Nanostructured materials. --- Eutectics. --- Melting points --- Mixtures --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Solidification --- Nanomaterials --- Nanometer materials --- Nanophase materials --- Nanostructure controlled materials --- Nanostructure materials --- Ultra-fine microstructure materials --- Microstructure --- Nanotechnology --- Nanosized crystals --- Crystals --- Nanoparticles --- Ceramic industries --- Ceramics --- Mines and mineral resources --- Materials