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This book provides comprehensive up-to-date information on the structure and function of immunoglobulins. It describes the basic features of these molecules, which assists the reader in understanding how they function as an integral part of the immune system. The Immunoglobulins describes the localization and structure of different binding sites of immunoglobulin molecules, including the antigen-binding site, on the basis of latest x-ray crystallography studies. It discusses recently developed biotechnological methods that allow scientists to obtain fully active antibody molecules in vitro even without immunization and to construct new variants of immunoglobulins and their fragments by fusing with various other active molecules. A survey of recent knowledge on immunoglobulin-binding molecules other than antigens and on flexibility of immunoglobulin molecules concludes the discussion of functional aspects of the problem. Key Features * Describes recent reviews on the structure and function of immunoglobulin molecules of various species * Summarizes in detail recent findings on the fine structure of the antigen-combining site * Presents comparative data on the antigen-recognizing sites of other molecules such as MHC proteins and T-cell receptors * Summarizes growing data on immunoglobulin binding sites responsible for the reaction of immunoglobulins with molecules other than antigens * Explores the rapid advance of recent biotechnological methods used for the construction of antibody molecules and their fragments with new properties * Presents extensive references and is lavishly illustrated.

Immunoglobulins.

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Monoclonal Antibodies: A Practical Approach covers the preparation, testing, derivation, and applications of monoclonal antibodies. New immunological techniques incorporating tried and tested methodologies are described, making the book of interest to established and inexperienced immunologists. Both the standard somatic hybridization technique and recombinant techniques, including the use of phage libraries, for the preparation of rodent and human monoclonal antibodies are described. Protocols for both the small and large scale production are detailed, as well as purification and labelling (with both radioisotopes and non-radioisotopes) methods. The applications of monoclonal antibodies in immunoblotting, enzyme linked immunoassays, immunofluorescence, and FACS analysis are all covered in detail. Finally protocols are given for the use of monoclonal antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, tissue typing, detecting DNA modified during chemotherapy, and in the clinical analysis of transplantation samples for malignancy. This book will therefore be an invaluable laboratory companion to anyone using monoclonal antibodies in their research.

Monoclonal antibodies. --- Antibodies, Monoclonal --- Monoclonal immunoglobulins --- Immunoglobulins --- Molecular cloning

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The untold story of monoclonal antibodies-the molecular heroes of biotechnology that revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of more than fifty major diseases This book is the first to tell the extraordinary yet unheralded history of monoclonal antibodies. Often referred to as Mabs, they are unfamiliar to most nonscientists, yet these microscopic protein molecules are everywhere, quietly shaping our lives and healthcare. Discovered in the mid-1970s in the laboratory where Watson and Crick had earlier unveiled the structure of DNA, Mabs have radically changed understandings of the pathways of disease. They have enabled faster, cheaper, and more accurate clinical diagnostic testing on a vast scale. And they have played a fundamental role in pharmaceutical innovation, leading to such developments as recombinant interferon and insulin, and personalized drug therapies such as Herceptin. Today Mabs constitute six of the world's top ten blockbuster drugs and make up a third of new introduced treatments. Lara V. Marks recounts the risks and opposition that a daring handful of individuals faced while discovering and developing Mabs, and she addresses the related scientific, medical, technological, business, and social challenges that arose. She offers a saga of entrepreneurs whose persistence and creativity ultimately changed the healthcare landscape and brought untold relief to millions of patients. Even so, as Marks shows, controversies over Mabs remain, and she examines current debates over the costs and effectiveness of these innovative drugs.

Monoclonal antibodies --- Antibodies, Monoclonal --- Monoclonal immunoglobulins --- Immunoglobulins --- Molecular cloning --- Therapeutic use. --- Therapeutic use --- History.

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The topic of antigenic variation is important in both biology and medicine. It is of enormous interest, as it describes the process(es) whereby microorganisms 'shift shape', by genetic rearrangement or otherwise. In medical terms, this has a major impact on the infectious disease process, since the immune system has great difficulty in keeping up with this variation, and thus eliminating the infectious agent. Antigenic variation is a major method by which microbes evade the immune response, and persist in the body.The broad scope of the book appeals to all those working in the field of in

Antigens --- Immunity. --- Immunity --- Immunoglobulins --- Immunology --- Genetic aspects. --- Physiological aspects.

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This volume is THE definitive, completely up-to-date, reference work for ALL researchers and clinicians working in autoimmunity. Up-to-Date: This is a timely critical review of more than 100 autoantibodies by leading experts in their respective fields, and includes many recent references. International Experts: The 120 Chapters have been written by the top international cadre of authors who have provided structured, expert contributions. Comprehensive: A total comprehensive perspective on the processes which induce, inhibit or otherwise affect autoantibodies in human

Immunology. Immunopathology --- Autoantibodies. --- Autoimmune Diseases --- etiology. --- Immunoglobulins. --- Antibodies --- Immune globulins --- Immune serum globulin --- Blood proteins --- Globulins --- Plasma cells --- Antibody diversity --- Antigens --- Bacterial immunoglobulin-binding proteins --- Immunoglobulins --- Autoimmunity