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Les Perspectives de l'economie mondiale (PEM) presentent des analyses de l'evolution economique mondiale a court et moyen termes, preparees par les principaux economistes du FMI. Elles constituent une ressource respectee, centrale et fiable d'informations fouillees et equilibrees, permettant aux decideurs et aux dirigeants du monde entier de prendre le recul necessaire. Publiees deux fois par an, les Perspectives de l'economie mondiale presentent sous une forme claire et pratique les perspectives en matiere de croissance, d'inflation, de commerce international et d'emploi, et s'interessent egalement a d'autres domaines economiques. Chaque numero des PEM se penche sur les problemes qui touchent les pays avances, emergents et en developpement. Les banques centrales, les economistes, les institutions financieres, les chefs d'entreprises, les gouvernements, les groupes de reflexion et les chercheurs attendent avec impatience cette etude sans pareille de la situation actuelle et de ce qui se prepare.

Commercial policy.

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Former Soviet republics --- Commercial policy.

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Commercial policy --- Protectionism --- Foreign exchange

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What are the potential benefits from establishing international rules for the conduct of trade policy and how should these rules be designed? These questions are of central importance to the evolution of national trade policies in the post-war era, a period in which an elaborate system of international rules has evolved to facilitate the process of reciprocal trade liberalization. Yet the theory of trade policy has traditionally had little to say about these rules and the issues that underlie them. Below I review and synthesize several of the currents of a growing literature that is concerned with these questions. I attempt to accomplish three objectives: To describe the basic structure of international trade agreements as they exist in practice; to explore theoretically the normative consequences of actual and alternative trade agreements; and to offer some theoretically-based explanation for the structure of trade agreements that we observe. I attempt to achieve the first objective by describing the important features of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. I attempt to achieve the latter two objectives by reviewing a body of literature and drawing out its implications as they relate to these issues.

Commercial policy. --- Commercial treaties. --- Economic policy.

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Free trade --- Developing countries --- Commercial policy.