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Téléphonie mobile: structures et tendances en matière de prix
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ISBN: 9264288236 Year: 2000 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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Les communications mobiles sont l'un des succès éclatants de l'industrie des télécommunications. Ainsi, en juin 1999, on dénombrait 293 millions d'abonnés mobiles dans la zone de l'OCDE, soit environ un téléphone mobile pour quatre habitants. La croissance actuelle continue d'être supérieure à la plupart des prévisions antérieures. Et les avantages procurés par la mobilité dans les télécommunications sont de plus en plus manifestes en termes de développement aussi bien économique que social. S'il y a une nuance à apporter à ce bilan exceptionnel, c'est que la croissance très rapide des communications mobiles a eu tendance à masquer de grandes disparités dans les performances à l'intérieur de la zone de l'OCDE. Aussi importe-t-il d'analyser ces performances en se référant à des critères internationaux qui progressent rapidement. Sans une telle analyse, la concrétisation des grands objectifs stratégiques en matière de commerce électronique et de concurrence dans l'infrastructure locale échappera à tout examen critique. De plus, les taux de croissance élevés ont eu tendance à occulter certains problèmes liés à une concurrence insuffisante par les prix. Dans de nombreux pays, les communications mobiles sont un secteur pionnier de la libéralisation. Il est cependant du devoir des décideurs politiques de réexaminer continuellement les cadres réglementaires. Cet ouvrage identifie plus particulièrement les domaines que les décideurs devront examiner avec attention.


Book
Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
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ISBN: 926418211X 9264576363 Year: 2000 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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Die Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehr zielen darauf ab, Verbrauchern bei Online-Käufen einen ebenso hohen Schutz zu gewährleisten wie bei Einkäufen in herkömmlichen Geschäften oder bei Bestellungen im Versandhandel. Die Leitlinien orientieren sich an den in traditionelleren Handelsformen bereits existierenden gesetzlichen Verbraucherschutzmaßnahmen. Sie sollen folgende Ziele fördern: – Faire Geschäfts-, Werbe- und Marketingpraktiken; – klare Informationen über die Identität von Online-Unternehmen, die angebotenen Waren oder Dienstleistungen sowie die Modalitäten und Bedingungen einer jeden Transaktion; – transparente Verfahren für die Bestätigung von Transaktionen; – sichere Zahlungsmechanismen; – faire, zügige und finanziell tragbare Streitbeilegungs- und Abhilfeverfahren; – den Schutz der Privatsphäre sowie – die Aufklärung von Verbrauchern und Unternehmen.


Periodical
Perspectives des technologies de l'information
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ISSN: 19991452 Year: 2000 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing.

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Publication bisannuelle qui décrit la dynamique et les tendances récentes des secteurs d’activité qui fournissent des biens et des services des TI. Elle propose une vue d’ensemble de la mondialisation du secteur des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) et de l’essor de la sous-traitance internationale permise par ces technologies. Elle analyse la progression et les répercussions de la redistribution au niveau mondial des activités de services, et la montée en puissance de la Chine et de l’Inde en tant que fournisseurs de premier plan de biens et de services liés aux TIC. Elle examine également l’importance croissante du contenu numérique dans certains secteurs d’activité et la façon dont ce contenu transforme les chaînes de valeur et les modèles d’entreprise. Sont également étudiés les innovations technologiques telles que les réseaux ubiquitaires, les services géolocalisés, les systèmes d’alerte face aux catastrophes naturelles, le web participatif et la convergence des technologies de l’information, des nanotechnologies et des biotechnologies. Cet ouvrage inclut StatLink, un système de liens qui permet de passer des graphiques statistiques et des tableaux aux tableurs contenant les données correspondantes.


Article
The Contribution of Information and Communication Technology to Output Growth : A Study of the G7 Countries
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Year: 2000 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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This paper deals with the contribution of information and communication technology (ICT) to economic growth and to labour and multi-factor productivity. It uses a well-established growth accounting framework to assess the role of ICTs as capital inputs and the contribution of these capital inputs to output growth. The paper provides an international perspective by presenting results for the G7 countries. For this purpose, data on ICT investment expenditure were compiled from several sources, to construct measures of ICT capital stocks and capital services. Special care was taken to account for the methodological differences in price deflators for computers as they exist across OECD countries. For all seven countries, the report finds that ICT capital goods have been important contributors to economic growth, although the role of ICT has been most accentuated in the United States. An important limitation of the study lies in the timeliness of internationally comparable data. ...


Article
The Impact of Public R&D Expenditure on Business R&D
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Year: 2000 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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This document attempts to quantify the aggregate net effect of government funding on business R&D in 17 OECD Member countries over the past two decades. Grants, procurement, tax incentives and direct performance of research (in public laboratories or universities) are the major policy tools in the field. The major results of the study are the following: Direct government funding of R&D performed by firms (either grants or procurement) has a positive effect on business financed R&D (one dollar given to firms results in 1.70 dollars of research on average). Tax incentives have a positive (although rather short-lived) effect on business-financed R&D. Direct funding as well as tax incentives are more effective when they are stable over time: firms do not invest in additional R&D if they are uncertain of the durability of the government support. Direct government funding and R&D tax incentives are substitutes: increased intensity of one reduces the effect of the other on business R&D. The ...


Article
International Strategic Alliances : Their Role in Industrial Globalisation
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Year: 2000 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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This paper reviews recent trends in international strategic alliances, which have grown more than fivefold between 1989 and 1999 paralleling the increase in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). The paper covers frequency, type, purpose and geographical patterns of international alliances during the 1990s as an important aspect of industrial globalisation and analyses sectoral trends in industries such as telecommunications, pharmaceuticals, automobiles and airlines. While international alliances provide firms with strategic flexibility, enabling them to respond to changing market conditions, they can also be effective paths for achieving global scale in enterprise operations along with M&As and greenfield investment. Driving forces behind international strategic alliances include cost economising in production and R&D, strengthening market presence, and accessing intangible assets. The paper presents the recent and comprehensive data available on strategic alliances and ...


Article
Telecommunications Regulations : Institutional structures and responsibilities
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Year: 2000 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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The liberalisation of telecommunication markets has required a new set of regulatory principles that can ensure fair competition in the marketplace.


Article
The Internationalisation of Venture Capital Activity in OECD Countries : Implications for Measurement and Policy
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Year: 2000 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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Venture capital has grown significantly in most OECD countries during the 1990s, and is increasingly associated with improved firm performance in terms of survival rates, innovation and growth. This paper compares venture capital activity across OECD countries by taking into account international venture capital flows. Most comparisons are based on data concerning investments made by venture capital funds located in a given country (“country of management”). In contrast, this paper also uses a more policy relevant measure that examines data on investments made in a country (“country of destination”), by subtracting cross-border outflows and including inflows. For countries such as Ireland, Denmark and Switzerland, inflows plus outflows largely outweigh investments by domestic venture capital funds. Some countries, especially Ireland and Denmark, have significant net inflows of venture capital, while net outflows appear for the United Kingdom and Switzerland. While such cross-border ...


Article
Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions : Their Role in Industrial Globalisation
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Year: 2000 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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This paper examines recent trends and drivers of cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) which grew six-fold in 1991-98 and now account for more than 85% of foreign direct investment. They are prompted by a range of factors, including excess capacity and increased competition in traditional industries and new market opportunities in high-technology sectors. However, the main driver of M&As in place of greenfield investment is the need to acquire complementary intangible assets –technology, human resources, brand names, etc. In allowing for global industrial restructuring and efficiency gains, crossborder M&As can yield dividends in terms of company performance and profits. The extent to which they result in benefits for home and host countries is argued to be strongly influenced by policy frameworks ...


Article
Cellular Mobile Pricing Structures and Trends
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Year: 2000 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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Mobile communications is one of the tremendous success stories of the telecommunications industry. By June 1999 there were 293 million mobile subscribers in the OECD area, or around one mobile phone for every four inhabitants.

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