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"Cell biology, medicinal & pharmaceutical chemistry."
Enzyme inhibitors --- Enzyme Inhibitors. --- Enzyme inhibitors. --- Animal Biochemistry
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"Cell biology, medicinal & pharmaceutical chemistry."
Enzyme inhibitors --- Enzyme Inhibitors. --- Enzyme inhibitors. --- Animal Biochemistry
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"Cell biology, medicinal & pharmaceutical chemistry."
Enzyme inhibitors --- Enzyme Inhibitors. --- Animal Biochemistry
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Enzyme --- Endopeptidases --- Serine endoptidases --- Genetics
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Secale cereale. --- Secale cereale --- Breadmaking --- Breadmaking --- Carbohydrates --- Carbohydrates --- technical properties --- technical properties --- Enzyme activity --- Enzyme activity
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Rhodotorula --- Rhodotorula --- Psychrophilic microorganisms --- Psychrophilic microorganisms --- Microbial properties --- Microbial properties --- Metabolism --- Metabolism --- Enzyme activity --- Enzyme activity
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About 400 microorganisms strains were screened for their ability to produce pectinolytic enzymes. The results showed differential mechanisms involved in the production of these enzymes between yeast and fungi strains. Among positive strains, Penicillium oxalicum was selected for a more detailed study because of its ability to produce an interesting enzymes complex in great amount. The physiological study of Penicillium oxalicum was focussed on different areas concerning the production of pectinolytic enzymes. The production of these enzymes depended on a delicate balance between induction and repression as function of pectin concentration. This study also showed that factors like the carbon and nitrogen sources, the initial pH of the broth and the fermentation process could influence the composition of the pectinolytic complex produced. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to separate and to quantify saturated and unsaturated oligogalacturonic acid components from pectin. This method allowed a better understanding of the depolymerization pathways of pectic substances.
Penicillium --- Penicillium --- Enzymes --- Enzymes --- Biosynthesis --- Biosynthesis --- Enzyme activity --- Enzyme activity --- Pectins --- Pectins --- Production --- Production
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The aim of the study is to evaluate the potentialities and the limitations of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) for the monitoring of bio-reactions. The research is mainly focused on pectinolytic enzymes, pectic substances and their hydrolysis. NIRS is first used for the characterization of the substrate. It is then proposed to screen microorganisms for their ability to produce pectinolytic enzymes (pectin methyl esterase or polygalacturonase). NIRS can also contribute to the optimization of the conditions of growth of these microorganisms. It also allows the monitoring of the depolymerisation of polygalacturonic acid, the deesterification of a pectin and finally of both depolymerisation and deesterification of a pectin, using an enzymes complex. The real-time measurements performed on the liquid substrate allows a global monitoring of the hydrolysis. A further freeze-drying step is necessary for the quantitative determinations of individual oligogalacturonides which are required for a better understanding of the depolymerisation pathways of pectic substances. The monitoring of pectin hydrolysis can be extended to other applications. The study also deals with the monitoring of wheat amylolysis. In this case the concentration levels are less restrictive.
Pectins --- Pectins --- Enzyme activity --- Enzyme activity --- Hydrolysis --- Hydrolysis --- Infrared spectrophotometry --- Infrared spectrophotometry
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Fragaria --- Fragaria --- Botrytis cinerea --- Botrytis cinerea --- Biological control --- Biological control --- Ascomycota --- Ascomycota --- Enzyme activity --- Enzyme activity
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Lemons --- Lemons --- Pectins --- Pectins --- Enzyme activity --- Enzyme activity --- Extraction --- Extraction --- chemicophysical properties --- chemicophysical properties --- Analytical methods --- Analytical methods
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