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Quelle est l'histoire de ces premières communautés chrétiennes venues s'installer dans la province romaine d'Arabie ? Comment ont-elles vécu dans une région qui fut, selon les périodes, un véritable carrefour de civilisations mais également un territoire dépeuplé que traversaient les seules tribus nomades ? Quels sont les vestiges de ce territoire qui correspondait à l'actuelle Jordanie, ainsi qu'à une partie de la Syrie et de l'Arabie Saoudite ? Le professeur Michele Piccirillo, spécialiste de la région et membre du Studium Biblicum Franciscanum de Jérusalem, nous propose une synthèse des principales découvertes archéologiques récentes, révélant ainsi l'extraordinaire patrimoine historique et archéologique de l'Arabie chrétienne. Issue de l'ancien royaume des Nabatéens, dont Pétra et Bosra étaient les villes principales, cette région fut annexée en 106 après J.-C par les Romains, qui constituèrent alors la province romaine d'Arabie. Aux IIIe et IVe siècles, le christianisme se répandit dans toute la région et à la fin du Ve siècle, sous l'influence de Byzance, émergèrent basiliques, églises, monastères et ermitages. Cette période de paix fut particulièrement favorable à l'expression architecturale et artistique, et imprima un nouvel élan à la grande tradition de la mosaïque. La conquête musulmane, qui chassa les Byzantins de l'ancienne province d'Arabie, n'interrompit en rien la vie des communautés chrétiennes ni leur production artistique et intellectuelle. Aujourd'hui, les sources archéologiques permettent en effet de décrire les églises, ornées de mosaïques, qui furent construites jusqu'au VIIIe siècle, sous le règne des Omeyyades. Mais au VIIIe siècle, les califes abbassides quittèrent Damas pour établir leur capitale à Bagdad et l'ancienne province d'Arabie se dépeupla progressivement. Rendue aux tribus nomades de Bédouins, la région demeura, jusqu'au début du XXe siècle, à l'écart des grands courants d'échange et de communication. En nous transportant en des lieux aussi différents que Madaba, Résafa ou le Yémen, Michele Piccirillo nous présente le panorama de l'une des plus éblouissantes provinces de l'art paléochrétien, contribuant ainsi à alimenter un débat scientifique d'une grande richesse

Christianity --- Christianisme --- 902 <394> --- 27 <394> --- 939.4 --- Archeologie--Syrië --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Syrië --- Geschiedenis van Syrië --- 939.4 Geschiedenis van Syrië --- 902 <394> Archeologie--Syrië --- Christian antiquities --- Arabian Peninsula --- Christian art and symbolism --- Antiquities --- Arabie

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Fouilles --- Opgravingen --- Syrie --- Syrië --- Neolithic period --- Pottery, Prehistoric --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Culture de Halaf. --- Néolithique --- Fouilles (Archéologie) --- Céramique préhistorique --- Néolithique. --- Fouilles archéologiques. --- Neolithikum. --- Keramik. --- Prehistory --- Syria --- Mesopotamia --- Archaeology --- Boueid II, Tell (Syria) --- Khabur River Watershed (Turkey and Syria) --- Tell Boueid II (Syrie) --- Kh*ab*ur, Vallée du (Turquie et Syrie) --- Vallée du Khabur (Turquie et Syrie) --- Tell Boueid II (Syrie : Site archéologique) --- Syrien. --- Antiquities. --- Antiquités. --- Archaeology. --- Boueid II, Tell (Syria). --- Tell Boueid II (Syrie). --- Vallée du Khabur (Turquie et Syrie). --- Tell Boueid II (Syrie : Site archéologique). --- New Stone age --- Stone age --- Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Prehistoric pottery --- Industries, Primitive --- Khabur River Basin (Turkey and Syria) --- Boueid 2, Tell (Syria) --- Buwayḍ II, Tall (Syria) --- Tall Buwayḍ II (Syria) --- Tell Boueid II (Syria) --- Antiquities --- Industries, Prehistoric

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Syria --- Syrie --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- National characteristics, Syrian --- Islam and politics --- National characteristics, Syrian. --- Islam and politics - Syria --- Syria - Politics and government - 1971-2000

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Nationalism, minority, identity, community… These terms which made a comeback in the 1990s take on a particular resonance in the eastern Mediterranean, from the Balkans to Egypt, including Turkey and the Middle East. This is a space crossed by three major political dynamics: strong national affirmations to compensate for an often precarious state legitimacy, mobilization of ethnicity within existing political groups, transnational organization of identities in favour of development. diasporas and the rise of immigration. All these phenomena imperceptibly redefine the place of the State, the relations between groups, in short, the contours of nationalism on the eastern flank of the Mediterranean basin. This collective work which brings together French and foreign specialists aims, in a perspective linking history, sociology and political science, to identify the changes underway. The role of the state as agent of the production of nationalism through its institutions, its elites, its ideology are examined in turn; the persistence and reactivation of multiple affiliations (religious, ethnic); the constitution of transnational communities. All the contributions provide a better understanding of the many dynamics at work in this fragile Eastern Mediterranean.

Nationalism --- Regions & Countries - Asia & the Middle East --- History & Archaeology --- Middle East --- Mediterranean Region --- Politics and government --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Political science --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Internationalism --- Political messianism --- Circum-Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Area --- Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Sea Region --- Méditerranée orientale --- Grèce --- nationalisme d’État --- Israël --- Bosnie-Herzégovine --- Syrie --- Liban --- Égypte --- nationalisme --- Turquie --- Palestine

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Nationalism, minority, identity, community… These terms which made a comeback in the 1990s take on a particular resonance in the eastern Mediterranean, from the Balkans to Egypt, including Turkey and the Middle East. This is a space crossed by three major political dynamics: strong national affirmations to compensate for an often precarious state legitimacy, mobilization of ethnicity within existing political groups, transnational organization of identities in favour of development. diasporas and the rise of immigration. All these phenomena imperceptibly redefine the place of the State, the relations between groups, in short, the contours of nationalism on the eastern flank of the Mediterranean basin. This collective work which brings together French and foreign specialists aims, in a perspective linking history, sociology and political science, to identify the changes underway. The role of the state as agent of the production of nationalism through its institutions, its elites, its ideology are examined in turn; the persistence and reactivation of multiple affiliations (religious, ethnic); the constitution of transnational communities. All the contributions provide a better understanding of the many dynamics at work in this fragile Eastern Mediterranean.

Nationalism --- Nationalisme --- Mediterranean Region --- Méditerranée, Région de la --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Regions & Countries - Asia & the Middle East --- History & Archaeology --- Middle East --- Méditerranée, Région de la --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- Circum-Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Area --- Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Sea Region --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Political science --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Internationalism --- Political messianism --- Nationalism - Middle East. --- Nationalism - Mediterranean Region. --- Méditerranée orientale --- Grèce --- nationalisme d’État --- Israël --- Bosnie-Herzégovine --- Syrie --- Liban --- Égypte --- nationalisme --- Turquie --- Palestine