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There is a long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, examine the history of this debate and synthesize current research on the topic. They conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place.

Demographic transition --- Age distribution (Demography) --- Population --- Fertility, Human --- Economic development --- Transition démographique --- Répartition par âge (Démographie) --- Fécondité humaine --- Développement économique --- #SBIB:031.GIFT --- #SBIB:314H270 --- #SBIB:032.GIFT --- -Economic development --- Human population --- Human populations --- Population growth --- Populations, Human --- Economics --- Human ecology --- Sociology --- Demography --- Malthusianism --- Human fertility --- Natality --- Human reproduction --- Infertility --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Transition, Demographic --- Vital revolution (Demography) --- Vital statistics --- Distribution, Age (Demography) --- Age --- Age groups --- Population aging --- Demografie en economische interrelaties: algemeen --- Age distribution (Demography). --- Demographic transition. --- Economic development. --- Fertility, Human. --- Population. --- Business & Economics --- Real Estate, Housing & Land Use --- Transition démographique --- Répartition par âge (Démographie) --- Fécondité humaine --- Développement économique