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Quantum gravity is perhaps the most important open problem in fundamental physics. It is the problem of merging quantum mechanics and general relativity, the two great conceptual revolutions in the physics of the twentieth century. The loop and spinfoam approach, presented in this 2004 book, is one of the leading research programs in the field. The first part of the book discusses the reformulation of the basis of classical and quantum Hamiltonian physics required by general relativity. The second part covers the basic technical research directions. Appendices include a detailed history of the subject of quantum gravity, hard-to-find mathematical material, and a discussion of some philosophical issues raised by the subject. This fascinating text is ideal for graduate students entering the field, as well as researchers already working in quantum gravity. It will also appeal to philosophers and other scholars interested in the nature of space and time.
Quantum gravity. --- Gravity, Quantum --- General relativity (Physics) --- Gravitation --- Quantum theory --- Quantum gravity
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The recent scientific efforts in Astrophysics & Cosmology have brought a revolution to our understanding of the Cosmos. Amazing results is the outcome of amazing experiments! The huge scientific, technological & financial effort that has gone into building the 10-m class telescopes as well as many space and balloon observatories, essential to observe the multitude of cosmic phenomena in their manifestations at different wavelengths, from gamma-rays to the millimetre and the radio, has given and is still giving its fruits of knowledge. These recent scientific achievements in Observational and Theoretical Cosmology were presented in the "Multiwavelength Cosmology" conference that took place on beautiful Mykonos island in the Aegean between 17 and 20 June 2003. More than 180 Cosmologists from all over the world gathered for a four-day intense meeting in which recent results from large ground based surveys (AAT/2-df, SLOAN) and space missions (WMAP, Chandra, XMM, ISO, HST) were presented and debated, providing a huge impetus to our knowledge of the Cosmos. The future of the subject (experiments, and directions of research) was also discussed. The conference was devoted mostly on the constraints on Cosmological models and galaxy formation theories that arise from the study of the high redshift Universe, from clusters of galaxies, and their evolution, from the cosmic microwave background, the large-scale structure and star-formation history.
Cosmology --- Light --- Wave-length --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Gravitation. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Field theory (Physics) --- Matter --- Physics --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Relativity (Physics) --- Properties --- Electromagnetic waves --- Light sources --- Spectrum analysis
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Properties of chemical compounds and their mixtures are needed in almost every aspect of process and product design. When the use of experimental data is not possible, one of the most widely used options in the use of property estimation models. Computer Aided Property Estimation for Process and Product Design provides a presentation of the most suitable property estimation models available today as well as guidelines on how to select an appropriate model. Problems that users are faced with, such as: which models to use and what their accuracy is, are addressed using a systematical approac
Chemical processes --- Matter --- Computer simulation. --- Properties --- Atoms --- Dynamics --- Gravitation --- Physics --- Substance (Philosophy) --- Processes, Chemical --- Chemical engineering --- Chemical reactions --- Manufacturing processes
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One appealing feature of string theory is that it provides a theory of quantum gravity. Gravity and Strings is a self-contained, pedagogical exposition of this theory, its foundations and its basic results. In Part I, the foundations are traced back to the very early special-relativistic field theories of gravity, showing how such theories lead to general relativity. Gauge theories of gravity are then discussed and used to introduce supergravity theories. In Part II, some of the most interesting solutions of general relativity and its generalizations are studied. The final Part presents and studies string theory from the effective action point of view, using the results found earlier in the book as background. This 2004 book will be useful as a reference book for graduate students and researchers, as well as a complementary textbook for courses on gravity, supergravity and string theory.
Quantum gravity --- String models --- Gravité quantique --- Modèles des cordes vibrantes (Physique nucléaire) --- Quantum gravity. --- String models. --- 531.5 --- 530.145 --- Models, String --- String theory --- Nuclear reactions --- Gravity, Quantum --- General relativity (Physics) --- Gravitation --- Quantum theory --- Gravity. Gravitation. Pendulums. Ballistics --- 530.145 Quantum theory --- 531.5 Gravity. Gravitation. Pendulums. Ballistics --- Gravité quantique --- Modèles des cordes vibrantes (Physique nucléaire)
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Materie --- Matière --- Matter --- Matter. --- Albertus, --- Matière --- Atoms --- Dynamics --- Gravitation --- Physics --- Substance (Philosophy) --- Albert, --- Alberthus, --- Alberto, --- Albertus Magnus, --- Magnus Albertus, --- Velikiĭ Albert, --- Albert the Great
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Each year, universities and research centres - most particularly the major space agencies such as NASA, ESA, and NASDA - devote a vast amount of time and money into the research of materials behaviour and production in microgravity. Recently, the possibility of creating special alloys, inorganic and organic crystals, as well as biological (living) tissues in this condition has been investigated.Fluids, Materials and Microgravity provides a solid basis of established knowledge - through literature, fundamental studies, experimental methods, numerical (basic and sophisticated) tec
Reduced gravity environments --- Liquids --- Materials --- Mathematical models. --- Effect of reduced gravity on. --- Environments, Reduced gravity --- Low gravity environments --- Microgravity --- Subgravity environments --- Extreme environments --- Gravitation
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Thoroughly revised and updated, this textbook provides a pedagogical introduction to relativity. It is self-contained, but the reader is expected to have a basic knowledge of theoretical mechanics and electrodynamics. It covers the most important features of both special and general relativity, as well as touching on more difficult topics, such as the field of charged pole-dipole particles, the Petrov classification, groups of motions, gravitational lenses, exact solutions and the structure of infinity. The necessary mathematical tools (tensor calculus, Riemannian geometry) are provided, most of the derivations are given in full, and exercises are included where appropriate. Written as a textbook for undergraduate and introductory graduate courses, it will also be of use to researchers working in the field. The bibliography gives the original papers and directs the reader to useful monographs and review papers.
Gravitational fields --- General relativity (Physics) --- Champs gravitationnels --- Relativité générale (Physique) --- Gravitational fields. --- Relativité générale (Physique) --- 530.12 --- 530.12 Relativity principle --- Relativity principle --- Fields, Gravitational --- Field theory (Physics) --- Gravitation --- Gravity --- Relativistic theory of gravitation --- Relativity theory, General --- Physics --- Relativity (Physics) --- Theory of relativity. Unified field theory --- General relativity (Physics).
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This 2004 textbook fills a gap in the literature on general relativity by providing the advanced student with practical tools for the computation of many physically interesting quantities. The context is provided by the mathematical theory of black holes, one of the most elegant, successful, and relevant applications of general relativity. Among the topics discussed are congruencies of timelike and null geodesics, the embedding of spacelike, timelike and null hypersurfaces in spacetime, and the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of general relativity. Although the book is self-contained, it is not meant to serve as an introduction to general relativity. Instead, it is meant to help the reader acquire advanced skills and become a competent researcher in relativity and gravitational physics. The primary readership consists of graduate students in gravitational physics. It will also be a useful reference for more seasoned researchers working in this field.
Black holes (Astronomy) --- General relativity (Physics) --- Mathematical physics --- 524.88 --- 524.88 Special hypotheses. Black holes. Antimatter --- Special hypotheses. Black holes. Antimatter --- Physical mathematics --- Physics --- Relativistic theory of gravitation --- Relativity theory, General --- Gravitation --- Relativity (Physics) --- Frozen stars --- Compact objects (Astronomy) --- Gravitational collapse --- Stars --- Mathematics --- Mathematical physics. --- Mathematics. --- General relativity (Physics).
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Partial differential equations --- 514.8 --- Geometric study of objects of mechanics and physics --- 514.8 Geometric study of objects of mechanics and physics --- Conservation laws (Physics) --- Einstein field equations. --- Shock waves. --- Singularities (Mathematics) --- General relativity (Physics) --- Lois de conservation (physique) --- Einstein, Équations du champ d' --- Ondes de choc --- Singularités (mathématiques) --- Relativité générale (physique) --- Einstein field equations --- Shock waves --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Shock (Mechanics) --- Waves --- Relativistic theory of gravitation --- Relativity theory, General --- Gravitation --- Physics --- Relativity (Physics) --- Einstein's field equations --- Einstein's gravitational field equations --- Einstein's law of gravitation --- Field equations, Einstein --- Differential equations --- Field theory (Physics) --- Gravitational fields --- Physical laws --- Einstein, Équations du champ d'. --- Ondes de choc.
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