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One of the most independent thinkers in German intellectual history, the Enlightenment author Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (1729-1781) contributed in decisive and lasting fashion to literature, philosophy, theology, criticism, and drama theory. Lessing invented the bürgerliches Trauerspiel (bourgeois tragedy) and wrote one of the first successful German tragedies as well as one of the finest German comedies. In his final dramatic masterpiece, Nathan der Weise, he writes of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam, of religious tolerance and intolerance and the clash of civilizations. Lessing's dramas are the oldest German theater pieces still regularly performed (both in Germany and internationally), and both his plays and his drama theory have influenced such writers as Goethe, Schiller, Hebbel, Hauptmann, Ibsen, Strindberg, Schnitzler, and Brecht. Addressing an audience ranging from graduate students to seasoned scholars, this volume introduces Lessing's life and times and places him within the broader context of the European Enlightenment. It discusses his pathbreaking dramas, his equally revolutionary theoretical, critical, and aesthetic writings, his original fables, his innovative work in philosophy and theology, and his significant contributions to Jewish emancipation. The volume concludes by examining 20th-century reception of Lessing and his oeuvre.

Contributors: Barbara Fischer, Thomas C. Fox, Steven D. Martinson, Klaus L. Berghahn, John Pizer, Beate Allert, H. B. Nisbet, Arno Schilson, Willi Goetschel, Peter Höyng, Karin A. Wurst, Ann Schmiesing, Reinhart Meyer, Hans-Joachim Kertscher, Hinrich C. Seeba, Dieter Fratzke, Helmut Berthold, Herbert Rowland.

Barbara Fischer is Associate Professor of German and Thomas C. Fox is Professor of German, both at the University of Alabama.

1 LESSING, GOTTHOLD EPHRAIM --- Filosofie. Psychologie--LESSING, GOTTHOLD EPHRAIM --- Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim, --- Lai-hsin, --- Lai-hsin, Kao-tʻe-ho-tʻe Ai-fei-la-mu, --- Lessing, Gotkholʹd Ėfraim, --- Lessing, G. E., --- Lessing, Goṭhold Efrayim, --- לסינג, גוטהולד אפרים, --- לעססינג, אפרים ידידיה, --- לעססינג, א. ו., --- לעססינג, גאטהאלד אפרים, --- לעססינג, גאטטהאלד עפראים --- לעססינג, גאטטהלד עפרים, --- לעססינג, ג. ע., --- לעססינג, ידידיה אפרים --- לעססינג, ידידיה אפרים, --- 莱辛, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- 1 LESSING, GOTTHOLD EPHRAIM Filosofie. Psychologie--LESSING, GOTTHOLD EPHRAIM --- Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim --- LITERARY CRITICISM / European / German. --- 20th-century reception. --- Bible influence. --- Enlightenment author. --- German comedies. --- German tragedies. --- Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. --- Jewish emancipation. --- Nathan der Weise. --- bürgerliches Trauerspiel. --- religious tolerance. --- theological background.

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Metaphysics --- Hölderlin, Friedrich --- Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim --- Novalis --- Goethe, von, Johann Wolfgang --- German literature --- History and criticism --- Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim, --- Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, --- Novalis, --- Hölderlin, Friedrich, --- Hölderlin, Friedrich, --- Hardenberg, Friedrich, --- Hardenberg, Georg Friedrich Philipp, --- Hardenberg, Georg Philipp Friedrich von, --- Lai-hsin, --- Lai-hsin, Kao-tʻe-ho-tʻe Ai-fei-la-mu, --- Lessing, Gotkholʹd Ėfraim, --- Lessing, G. E., --- Lessing, Goṭhold Efrayim, --- לסינג, גוטהולד אפרים, --- לעססינג, אפרים ידידיה, --- לעססינג, א. ו., --- לעססינג, גאטהאלד אפרים, --- לעססינג, גאטטהאלד עפראים --- לעססינג, גאטטהלד עפרים, --- לעססינג, ג. ע., --- לעססינג, ידידיה אפרים --- לעססינג, ידידיה אפרים, --- 莱辛, --- Gelʹderlin, Fridrikh, --- Hölderlin, Johann Christian Friedrich, --- Kholʹderlin, Fridrikh, --- Holderlin, Frederich, --- הלדרלין, פרידריך, --- von Goethe, Johann Wolfgang --- Hete, Johann Vol'fhanh --- Gete, Iogann Vol'fgang --- Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von --- ゲーテ --- Goethe, Johann Wolfgang --- Novalis, Friedrich --- von Hardenberg, Friedrich Ludwig, --- Hölderlin, Friedrich --- Goethe --- Von Goethe, Johann Wolfgang --- Gete, Volʹfgang --- Ko-tê --- Gede --- Gete, Jogann --- Gette --- Gʹote, Ĭokhan Volʹfgang --- Jūtah, Yūhān Fūlfjānj --- Goethe, J. W. --- Jītī --- Gete, V. --- Koetʻe --- Goetʻe --- Getė, --- Gkaite --- Gitah, Y. Ṿ. --- Goethe, Jan Wolfgan, --- Gëte, Iogann Volʹfgang --- Göte --- Gyoete --- Goethe, W. v. --- Fon-Geteh, Ṿ. --- Geteh, Yohan Ṿolfgang Fon --- -Giteh, Yohan Ṿolfgang Fon --- -Gete, Johan Volfgang --- Hete, Ĭ. V. --- Kēōtʻē, Volfkank --- Katē --- Katē, Yōkān̲ Vulpkēṅk Vān̲ --- Гете, Иоганн Вольфганг --- Qöte, Y. V. --- Qöte, Yohan Volfqanq --- גטה --- גטה, יוהאן וולפגנג פון, --- גטה, י.ו --- גיתה --- גיתה, יוהאן וולפאנג פון --- גיתה, יוהאן וולפגנג פון, --- גיתה, יוהן וולפגאנג וון, --- גיתה, יוהן וולפגנג פון, --- גיתה, יוהן וולפגנג, --- געטהע --- געטהע, יאהאן וואלפגאנג --- געטהע, יאהאן וואלפגאנג פון, --- געטהע, יאהאן װאלפגאנג, --- געטהע, י. וו --- געטהע, י. וו. פאן --- געטהע, י. װ., --- געטהע, י.װ --- געטע, װ.פ --- גתה, וו --- גתה, יוהן וולפגאנג ון, --- גתה, יוהן וולפגנג --- י. וו. געטהע --- جوته --- گوته، يوهان ولفگانگ ون --- 歌德, --- ゲエテ --- German literature - 18th century - History and criticism --- Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim, - 1729-1781 --- Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, - 1749-1832 --- Novalis, - 1772-1801 --- Hölderlin, Friedrich, - 1770-1843