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This book explores the hypothesis that the types of inscription or text used by a given community of practitioners are designed in the very same process as the one producing concepts and results. The book sets out to show how, in exactly the same way as for the other outcomes of scientific activity, all kinds of factors, cognitive as well as cultural, technological, social or institutional, conjoin in shaping the various types of writings and texts used by the practitioners of the sciences. To make this point, the book opts for a genuinely multicultural approach to the texts produced in the context of practices of knowledge. It is predicated on the conviction that, in order to approach any topic in the history of science from a theoretical point of view, it may be fruitful to consider it from a global perspective. The book hence does not only gather papers dealing with geometrical papyri of antiquity, sixteenth century French books in algebra, seventeenth century scientific manuscripts and paintings, eighteenth and nineteenth century memoirs published by European academies or scientific journals, and Western Opera Omnia. It also considers the problems of interpretation relating to reading Babylonian clay tablets, Sanskrit oral scriptures and Chinese books and illustrations. Thus it enables the reader to explore the diversity of forms which texts have taken in history and the wide range of uses they have inspired. This volume will be of interest to historians, philosophers of science, linguists and anthropologists
Multidisciplinary collective works --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- Mathematics --- History --- interdisciplinair onderzoek --- geschiedenis --- wiskunde
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Journeys to a Graveyard examines the descriptions provided by eight Russian writers of journeys made to western European countries between 1697 and 1880. The descriptions reveal the mentality and preoccupations of the Russian social and intellectual elites during this period. The travellers' perceptions of western European countries are treated here as an ambivalent response to a civilization with which Russia was belatedly coming into close contact as a result of the imperial ambition of the Russian state and the westernization of the Russian elites. The travellers perceived the most advanced European countries as superior to Russia in terms of material achievement and the maturity and refinement of their cultures, but they also promoted a view of Russia as in other respects superior to the western nations. Heavily influenced from the late eighteenth century by Romanticism and by the rise of nationalism in the west, they tended to depict European civilization as moribund. By this means they managed to define their own emergent nation in a contrastive way as having youth and promising futurity.
Multidisciplinary collective works --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- Linguistics --- Literature --- History --- interdisciplinair onderzoek --- geschiedenis --- literatuurkritiek --- culturele antropologie --- linguïstiek
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Multidisciplinary collective works --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- Mathematics --- History --- interdisciplinair onderzoek --- geschiedenis --- wiskunde
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Multidisciplinary collective works --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- Linguistics --- Literature --- History --- interdisciplinair onderzoek --- geschiedenis --- literatuurkritiek --- culturele antropologie --- linguïstiek
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In 1996 my book The Nature of Cultures' appeared in Vi- na and New York. It describes cultures as systems which are controlled by MSC and decorum. While MSC is a neologism meaning maximal stress cooperation' decorum is a very old term. It is as old as Western culture itself, and is furthermore, the translation of the even older Greek word prepon'. Decorum and prepon mean to be suitable, to be fitting'. It is all about the fitting of cultural medial contents to elementary cultural behavioural types and behavioural phases. These behavioural units are subject to a type of ranking system in which that which is essential is sorted from that which less essential. - corum then means - the representations of the media must fit' the ranking of the cultural behaviour. It is MSC which assumes the top position in this ranking. In 1996 and the two previous years when I was working on my book The Nature of Cultures' less than 5 years had passed since the Iron Curtain had been lifted. Many believed at that time that with ending of the Cold War, which was more or less de facto peace anyway, that a new and better age of peace was dawning.
Human sciences (algemeen) --- Multidisciplinary collective works --- Psychology --- Biology --- Biological anthropology. Palaeoanthropology --- Neuropathology --- paleoantropologie --- interdisciplinair onderzoek --- biologie --- neuropsychologie --- cultuurwetenschap
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Human sciences (algemeen) --- Multidisciplinary collective works --- Psychology --- Biology --- Biological anthropology. Palaeoanthropology --- Neuropathology --- paleoantropologie --- interdisciplinair onderzoek --- biologie --- neuropsychologie --- cultuurwetenschap
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Multidisciplinary collective works --- Politics --- Nature protection --- Air pollution. Air purification --- Engineering sciences. Technology --- Computer science --- interdisciplinair onderzoek --- toegepaste informatica --- politieke wetenschappen --- luchtverontreiniging --- systeemtheorie --- systeembeheer
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