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Biodiversité --- Biodiversity --- Ressource génétique --- genetic resources --- Patrimoine culturel --- Cultural heritage --- Groupe éthnique --- Ethnic groups --- Conservation des ressources --- Resource conservation --- Gestion des ressources --- resource management --- Politique sociale --- Social policies --- Politique de l'environnement --- Environmental policies --- Politique de développement --- Development policies --- France --- Conservation des ressources naturelles --- Ethnosciences --- Biodiversité - France --- Conservation des ressources naturelles - France --- Ethnosciences - France --- Ethnologie --- Conservation of natural resources --- Ethnoscience

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Public spending has effects which are complex to trace and difficult to quantify. But the composition of public expenditure has become the key instrument by which development agencies seek to promote economic development. In recent years, the development assistance to heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs) has been made conditional on increased expenditure on categories that are thought to be "pro-poor". This paper responds to the growing concern being expressed about the conceptual foundations and the empirical basis for the belief that poverty can be reduced through targeted public spending. While it is widely accepted that growth and redistribution are important sources of reduction in absolute poverty, a review of the literature confirms the lack of an appropriate theoretical framework for assessing the impact of public spending on growth as well as poverty. There is a need to combine principles of both public economics and growth theory to develop appropriate theoretical guidance for public expenditure policy. This paper identifies a number of approaches that are beginning to address this gap. Building on these approaches, it proposes a framework that has its foundation in a broadly articulated development strategy and its economic goals such as growth, equity, and poverty reduction. It recommends the use of public economics principles to clarify the roles of the private and public sectors and to recognize the complementarity of spending, taxation, and regulatory instruments available to affect public policy. With regard to the impact of any given type of public spending, policy recommendations must be tailored to countries and be based on empirical analysis that takes account of the lags and leads in their effects on equity and growth and ultimately on poverty. The paper sketches out such a framework as the first step in what will have to be a longer-term research agenda to provide theoretically and empirically robust and verifiable guidance to public spending policy.

Absolute Poverty --- Agricultural Development --- Debt Markets --- Economic Growth --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Financial Literacy --- Human Development --- Poor --- Poor Countries --- Poverty --- Poverty Monitoring and Analysis --- Poverty Reduction --- Poverty Reduction Strategy --- Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers --- Pro-Poor Growth --- Public Sector Economics and Finance --- Public Sector Expenditure Analysis and Management --- Public Spending --- Rural --- Rural Development --- Rural Poverty Reduction --- Safety Nets --- Savings --- Services and Transfers to Poor --- Social Policies --- Social Spending --- Structural Reforms --- Sustainable Poverty Reduction --- War

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Metropolitan areas --- Municipal government --- Social participation --- Agglomérations urbaines --- Administration municipale --- Participation sociale --- Social aspects --- Aspect social --- Ville --- Towns --- Politique sociale --- Social policies --- Organisation socioéconomique --- socioeconomic organization --- Switzerland --- #SBIB:35H1388 --- #SBIB:35H6099 --- Organisatie en beleid: lokale besturen: Zwitserland --- Bestuur en beleid: nationale en regionale studies: Zwitserland --- Agglomérations urbaines --- City and town life --- Municipal services --- Public opinion --- Quality of life --- Life, Quality of --- Economic history --- Human ecology --- Life --- Social history --- Basic needs --- Human comfort --- Social accounting --- Work-life balance --- Municipal services within corporate limits --- Public services --- Public utilities --- Conurbations --- MAs (Metropolitan areas) --- Metropolitan statistical areas --- Urban areas --- City life --- Town life --- Urban life --- Sociology, Urban --- Metropolitan areas - Switzerland --- City and town life - Switzerland --- Municipal services - Switzerland - Public opinion --- Quality of life - Switzerland --- Public opinion - Switzerland

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Purchasing is championed as a key to improving health systems performance. However, despite the central role the purchasing function plays in many health system reforms, there is very little evidence about its development or its real impact on societal objectives.This book addresses this gap and provides:* A comprehensive account of the theory and practice of purchasing for health services across Europe* An up-to-date analysis of the evidence on different approaches to purchasing* Support for policy makers and practitioners as they formulate purchasing strategies so that they can increase effectiveness and improve performance in their own national context* An assessment of the intersecting roles of citizens, the government and the providersWritten by leading health policy analysts, this book is essential reading for health policy makers, planners and managers as well as researchers and students in the field of health studies.

Medical supplies. --- Public health administration. --- Contracts --- Delivery of Health Care --- Health Policy --- Public Health Administration --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Jurisprudence --- Organization and Administration --- Patient Care Management --- Public Policy --- Social Control, Formal --- Health Services Administration --- Social Control Policies --- Health Care --- Sociology --- Policy --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Social Sciences --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Policies --- General Social Development and Population --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Contract --- Control Policies, Social --- Control Policy, Social --- Policies, Social Control --- Policy, Social Control --- Social Control Policy --- Administration, Health Services --- Health Services --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Migration Policy --- Population Policy --- Social Protection --- Social Policy --- Migration Policies --- Policies, Migration --- Policies, Population --- Policies, Public --- Policies, Social --- Policy, Migration --- Policy, Population --- Policy, Public --- Policy, Social --- Population Policies --- Protection, Social --- Public Policies --- Social Policies --- Care Management, Patient --- Management, Patient Care --- Administration and Organization --- Administrative Technics --- Administrative Techniques --- Coordination, Administrative --- Logistics --- Supervision --- Technics, Administrative --- Techniques, Administrative --- Administration --- Administrative Coordination --- Administrative Technic --- Administrative Technique --- Technic, Administrative --- Technique, Administrative --- Constitutional Law --- Court Decision --- Law --- Legal Aspects --- Legal Obligations --- Legal Status --- State Interest --- Litigation --- Medical Jurisprudence --- Aspect, Legal --- Aspects, Legal --- Constitutional Laws --- Court Decisions --- Decision, Court --- Decisions, Court --- Interest, State --- Interests, State --- Jurisprudence, Medical --- Law, Constitutional --- Laws --- Laws, Constitutional --- Legal Aspect --- Legal Obligation --- Litigations --- Obligation, Legal --- Obligations, Legal --- State Interests --- Status, Legal --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Administration, Public Health --- Public Health --- National Health Policy --- Health Policies --- Health Policies, National --- Health Policy, National --- National Health Policies --- Policies, Health --- Policies, National Health --- Policy, Health --- Policy, National Health --- organization & administration --- WA 525 Health Administration and Organization - General works --- Contract Services --- Policy Making --- Defamation --- Lawyers --- Affirmative Action --- Action, Affirmative --- Health Care Economics --- Health Economics --- Healthcare Economics --- Care Economic, Health --- Economic, Health --- Economic, Health Care --- Economic, Healthcare --- Economics, Health Care --- Health Care Economic --- Health Economic --- Healthcare Economic --- Healthcare Policy --- Healthcare Policies --- Policy, Healthcare

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The medical profession occupies a dominant position within the British health care system and as such is able to influence the development and implementation of health policy. The main division within the medical profession lies between general practitioners and hospital consultants. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of British health policy over the past twenty-five years. Drawing on data from case studies, it provides empirical evidence of the impact of recent health policies upon the National Health Service (in general) and the medical profession (in particular). The case studies

Hospital-physician relations. --- Hospital-physician relations --- Physicians --- Hospital consultants --- Europe --- Delivery of Health Care --- General Practice --- Public Policy --- Health Planning --- Interpersonal Relations --- Persons --- Social Control Policies --- Patient Care Management --- Medicine --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Geographic Locations --- Psychology, Social --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Named Groups --- Policy --- Geographicals --- Health Services Administration --- Social Control, Formal --- Health Care --- Health Occupations --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Social Sciences --- Sociology --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Health Care Reform --- Great Britain --- Health Policy --- Interprofessional Relations --- Family Practice --- Consultants --- Public Health --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Hospitals & Medical Centers --- Advisory Services --- Services, Advisory --- Advisory Service --- Consultant --- Service, Advisory --- Family Practices --- Practice, Family --- Practices, Family --- Etiquette, Medical --- Medical Etiquette --- Relations, Interprofessional --- Interdisciplinary Communication --- Healthcare Policy --- National Health Policy --- Health Policies --- Health Policy, National --- Healthcare Policies --- National Health Policies --- Policy, Health --- Policy, Healthcare --- Policy, National Health --- Policy Making --- Healthcare Reform --- Health Care Reforms --- Healthcare Reforms --- Reform, Health Care --- Reform, Healthcare --- Reforms, Health Care --- Reforms, Healthcare --- General Social Development and Population --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Behavior And Behavior Mechanism --- Health Professions --- Health Occupation --- Health Profession --- Profession, Health --- Professions, Health --- Occupations --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Administration, Health Services --- Health Services --- Policies --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Health Care Economics --- Health Economics --- Healthcare Economics --- Care Economic, Health --- Economic, Health --- Economic, Health Care --- Economic, Healthcare --- Economics, Health Care --- Health Care Economic --- Health Economic --- Healthcare Economic --- Psychology, Perceptual --- Social Psychology --- Perceptual Psychology --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Medical Specialities --- Medical Specialties --- Medical Specialty --- Specialities, Medical --- Specialties, Medical --- Specialty, Medical --- Medical Speciality --- Speciality, Medical --- Health Workforce --- Care Management, Patient --- Management, Patient Care --- Control Policies, Social --- Control Policy, Social --- Policies, Social Control --- Policy, Social Control --- Social Control Policy --- Person --- Gender Issues --- Husband-Wife Communication --- Partner Communication --- Social Relationships --- Communication, Husband-Wife --- Communication, Partner --- Communications, Husband-Wife --- Communications, Partner --- Husband Wife Communication --- Husband-Wife Communications --- Interpersonal Relation --- Partner Communications --- Relation, Interpersonal --- Relations, Interpersonal --- Relationship, Social --- Relationships, Social --- Social Relationship --- Social Behavior --- Friends --- Emotional Intelligence --- PL93-641 --- Public Law 93-641 --- Health and Welfare Planning --- National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 --- Planning, Health and Welfare --- State Health Planning, United States --- Planning, Health --- Public Law 93 641 --- Planning Techniques --- Affirmative Action --- Migration Policy --- Population Policy --- Social Protection --- Social Policy --- Action, Affirmative --- Migration Policies --- Policies, Migration --- Policies, Population --- Policies, Public --- Policies, Social --- Policy, Migration --- Policy, Population --- Policy, Public --- Policy, Social --- Population Policies --- Protection, Social --- Public Policies --- Social Policies --- Practice, General --- Hospital management consultants --- Business consultants --- Hospital management companies --- Hospitals --- Hospital and physician --- Physician and hospital --- Physician-hospital relations --- Relations, Hospital-physician --- organization & administration --- Administration --- Medical staff --- Psychology --- Factors, Psychological --- Psychological Factors --- Psychological Side Effects --- Psychologists --- Psychosocial Factors --- Side Effects, Psychological --- Factor, Psychological --- Factor, Psychosocial --- Factors, Psychosocial --- Psychological Factor --- Psychological Side Effect --- Psychologist --- Psychosocial Factor --- Side Effect, Psychological --- Vocations --- Occupation --- Vocation --- Occupational Groups --- Northern Europe --- Southern Europe --- Western Europe --- Isle of Man --- #SBIB:316.334.3M52 --- Medische sociologie: professionele aspecten van de hulpverlening