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This paper presents an empirical analysis of the cross-country and cross-industry determinants of public-private partnership (PPP) arrangements. We find that PPPs tend to be more common in countries where governments suffer from heavy debt burdens and where aggregate demand and market size are large. Our findings also suggest that macroeconomic stability is essential for PPPs. We provide evidence on the importance of institutional quality, where less corruption and effective rule of law are associated with more PPP projects. PPPs are also more prevalent in countries with previous PPP experiences. At the industry level, we find that PPP determinants vary across industries depending on the nature of public infrastructure, capital intensity, and technology required. We also find that private participation in PPP projects depends on the expected marketability, the technology required, and the degree of "impurity" of the goods or services.

Infrastructure (Economics). --- Public-private sector cooperation. --- Management --- Business & Economics --- Industrial Management --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Capital, Social (Economics) --- Economic infrastructure --- Social capital (Economics) --- Social infrastructure --- Social overhead capital --- Private-public partnerships --- Private-public sector cooperation --- Public-private partnerships --- Public-private sector collaboration --- Economic development --- Human settlements --- Public goods --- Public works --- Capital --- Cooperation --- Exports and Imports --- Foreign Exchange --- Infrastructure --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Investment --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Trade: General --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Public finance & taxation --- Currency --- Foreign exchange --- International economics --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Purchasing power parity --- Exports --- Purchasing power --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Saving and investment --- Income --- United States

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Public-private partnerships (PPPs) involve the supply by the private sector of infrastructure and services deriving from infrastructure assets which have traditionally been supplied by the public sector. PPPs are spreading all over the world. It may be quite plausible that such arrangements were initially an attempt to evade expenditure controls and hide public budget deficits. But if they are properly designed and transparently reported, PPPs can enhance the efficiency of the provision of services that were formerly supplied solely by the public sector. This paper provides a public economics perspective on PPPs.

Budget deficits. --- Debts, Public. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Infrastructure (Economics). --- Public-private sector cooperation. --- Commerce --- Business & Economics --- International Commerce --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Private-public partnerships --- Private-public sector cooperation --- Public-private partnerships --- Public-private sector collaboration --- Capital, Social (Economics) --- Economic infrastructure --- Social capital (Economics) --- Social infrastructure --- Social overhead capital --- Debts, Government --- Government debts --- National debts --- Public debt --- Public debts --- Sovereign debt --- Deficits, Budget --- Cooperation --- Economic development --- Human settlements --- Public goods --- Public works --- Capital --- Debt --- Bonds --- Deficit financing --- Budget --- Budgeting --- Infrastructure --- Public Finance --- Taxation --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Investment --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- National Budget --- Budget Systems --- Public finance & taxation --- Macroeconomics --- Budgeting & financial management --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Public investment spending --- Tax incentives --- Budget planning and preparation --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Public investments --- Saving and investment --- United Kingdom

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This Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper for Nicaragua reports that the most pressing demand for the majority of Nicaraguans is employment generation and economic growth. The National Development Plan (NDP) gives priority to actions that improve the investment climate and promote productive development—considering the competitive potential of the territories—giving a better position to Nicaragua in the trading world through increased foreign investment. The NDP establishes a more effective regulatory framework, and promotes competition and a legal framework that guarantees property rights and lowers domestic transaction costs.

Public Finance --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Demography --- Education: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Health: General --- Demographic Economics: General --- Education --- Public finance & taxation --- Poverty & precarity --- Health economics --- Population & demography --- Poverty --- Health --- Public investment spending --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Expenditure --- Population and demographics --- Public investments --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Population --- Nicaragua

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The world's agenda of international cooperation has changed. The conventional concerns of foreign affairs, international trade, and development assistance, are increasingly sharing the political center stage with a new set of issues. These include trans-border concerns such as global financial stability and market efficiency, risk of global climate change, bio-diversity conservation, control of resurgent and new communicable diseases, food safety, cyber crime and e-commerce, control of drug trafficking, and international terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. Globalization and increasing porosity of national borders have been key driving forces that have led to growing interdependence and interlocking of the public domains--and therefore, public policy concerns--of countries, governments, private businesses, civil society, and people at large. Thus, new and different issues are now occupying top places on national policy agendas, and consequently, on the agendas of international negotiating forums. The policy approaches to global challenges are also changing. A proliferation and diversification of international cooperation efforts include focus on financing arrangements. Financing of international cooperation in most instances is a haphazard and non-transparent process and often seems to run parallel to international negotiations. There are many unfunded mandates and many-non-mandatory funds. To agree on and to achieve international economic goals, we need to understand how financing of international cooperation efforts actually works. Our understanding is hampered by two gaps: 1) lack of an integrated and cohesive theoretical framework; 2) lack of consolidated empirical and operational knowledge in the form of a comprehensive inventory of past, current and possible future (i.e. currently deliberated) financing mechanisms. This book reduces these two gaps and provides a guide to improve our ability to finance international cooperation.

Economic policy and planning (general) --- Finance, Public --- Public-private sector cooperation --- International cooperation --- finances publiques --- openbare financien internationaal --- internationaal --- AA / International- internationaal --- 336.00 --- -Public-private sector cooperation --- 336 --- #SBIB:35H220 --- Private-public partnerships --- Private-public sector cooperation --- Public-private partnerships --- Public-private sector collaboration --- Cooperation --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Currency question --- openbare financien --- finances publiques international --- international --- Organisatie van de overheidsfinanciën. Overheidsuitgaven en -inkomsten: algemeenheden --- Financieel management bij de overheid: algemene werken --- Public-private sector cooperation. --- International cooperation. --- Public finances --- Finance, Public - International cooperation

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Private sector investment has been a key source of growth in Malaysia over the last three decades, but after an unprecedented decline in the wake of the Asian crisis it has remained sluggish in recent years. Using aggregate and firm-level data, this paper aims to explain these trends and their implications for Malaysia's investment and growth outlook. Aggregate data point to sustained overinvestment in the years prior to the Asian crisis and the role of shifts in investor perceptions as important determinants of the recent decline in private investment. Meanwhile, firm-level data suggest that low profitability, along with financing constraints affecting smaller firms and those in the services sector, has also been important.

Electronic books. -- local. --- Finance -- Malaysia. --- Investments -- Malaysia. --- Finance --- Business & Economics --- Investment & Speculation --- Investments --- Investing --- Investment management --- Portfolio --- Funding --- Funds --- Disinvestment --- Loans --- Saving and investment --- Speculation --- Economics --- Currency question --- Investments: General --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Public Finance --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Macroeconomics --- Monetary economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Private investment --- Capital formation --- Currencies --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Gross fixed investment --- Money --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Malaysia