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Genetic recombination is an important process involved in shaping the genetic make up of progeny. Increasingly, it has become evident that recombination is a DNA repair pathway crucial during DNA replication in vegetatively growing cells. It plays a critical role in preserving the integrity of the genome by mediating the repair of DNA damage, which can occur during normal cellular metabolism as a result of oxidative stress, transcription, replication fork stalling or breakdown, or after the exposure to DNA damaging agents. Until recently, much of our knowledge on the mechanisms of genetic recombination has come from studies of prokaryotic and simple eukaryotic fungal systems. However, these studies have now been significantly extended to mammals, such that a comparative picture of the general factors and mechanisms of genetic recombination is beginning to emerge. Detailed genetic and biochemical studies have led to the isolation and characterization of many of the recombination-repair proteins in E. coli and S. cerevisiae, which in turn has led to the identification of homologues in human cells. The link between recombination defects and recombination proteins in a number of tumors as well as in human hereditary syndromes makes genetic recombination a cellular process of key importance not only in basic biology but also in biomedical studies.

Recombination, Genetic --- Cell Cycle --- DNA --- Genetic recombination. --- Molecular genetics. --- Recombinaison génétique --- Génétique moléculaire --- genetics. --- physiology. --- metabolism. --- Recombination, Genetic. --- Research. --- Genetic recombination --- Molecular genetics --- Metabolism --- Physiology --- Genetics --- Genetic Processes --- Biology --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Nucleic Acids --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Cell Physiological Processes --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Phenomena and Processes --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Genetic Phenomena --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Cytology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Life sciences. --- Biochemistry. --- Cell biology. --- Microbial genetics. --- Microbial genomics. --- Plant genetics. --- Animal genetics. --- Life Sciences. --- Cell Biology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Microbial Genetics and Genomics. --- Plant Genetics & Genomics. --- Animal Genetics and Genomics. --- Molecular biology --- Chromosomes --- Recombinant DNA

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In the past, insecticide development has been guided mostly by chemo-rational and bio-rational design based on understanding of the physiology and ecology of insects and crops. A limitation in each new class of compounds is the evolution of resistance in populations of key pests, which ultimately leads to control failures. This phenomenon and the desire to produce more selective and biorational compounds serve as the driving force to develop advanced technologies for insecticide design. Among the highlights of this book are the use of nanotechnology to increase potency of available insecticides, the use of genetic engineering techniques for controlling insect pests, the development of novel insecticides that bind to unique biochemical receptors, the exploration of natural products as a source for environmentally acceptable insecticides, and the use of insect genomics and cell lines for determining biological and biochemical modes of action of new insecticides.

Insecticides. --- Insecticides --- Mechanism of action. --- Pesticides --- Agriculture. --- Biochemistry. --- Nanotechnology. --- Environmental management. --- Genetic engineering. --- Animal physiology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Environmental Management. --- Genetic Engineering. --- Animal Physiology. --- Animal physiology --- Animals --- Biology --- Anatomy --- Designed genetic change --- Engineering, Genetic --- Gene splicing --- Genetic intervention --- Genetic surgery --- Genetic recombination --- Biotechnology --- Transgenic organisms --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Physiology --- Composition

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Biophotonics and Coherent Systems in Biology L.V. Beloussov, V.L.Voeikov and V.S. Martynyuk Biophotonics and Coherent Systems in Biology offers a timely research volume derived from papers submitted at the 3rd International Alexander Gurwitsch Conference. Biophotonics and Coherent Systems in Biology covers the major aspects of modern biophotonics and related biological and biophysical problems of interest to researchers today. Key topics include: • Coherency of biophoton emission and its related physical and biological properties • Biological effects of microwaves • Photon emission from living samples, starting from human bodies up to cell cultures • Fundamental role of water in bioenergetics and the influence of electromagnetic fields upon hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance • Philosophical problems associated with holistic concepts of biological organization • History of biophotonics, starting from pioneering works of Alexander Gurwitsch and his school (1920-1950) The Editors: Dr. Lev V. Beloussov, Chair of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Moscow, Russia. Dr. L.V. Beloussov is a Professor of Embryology at the Moscow State University (MSU). His scientific interests are associated with the problems of morphogenesis and biophysical factors of development. Dr. Beloussov is a head of the Laboratory of Developmental Biophysics, MSU, a member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences and a member of the Directorial Board of the International Institute of Biophysics. Dr. Vladimir L. Voeikov, Chair of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Moscow, Russia. Dr. Voeikov is a Professor of MSU, Doctor of Biological Sciences (Biophysics and Physiology). He is a member of the Board of Directors of International Institute of Biophysics (Neuss, Germany). Dr. Voeikov was one of the first to apply biophotonic approach to studies of bioenergetic properties of whole blood and different aqueous systems including drinking water and to suggest that aqueous systems may persist in highly non-equilibrium state due to direct oxidation of water by oxygen and its reactive species. Dr. Victor S. Martynyuk, Crimean Scientific Center of National Academy of Science of Ukraine and Ministry of education and Science of Ukraine, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Ukraine. Dr. V. Martnyuk is a scientific secretary at Crimean Scientific Center of NAS and MES of Ukraine, senior lecturer on the Biophysical Department at National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, scientific secretary of Ukrainian Biophysical Society, and one of the leaders in bioelectromagnetics research in Ukraine.

Photobiology --- Photon emission --- Photons --- Biological systems --- Gurwitsch, Alexander. --- Emission of photons --- Photon bremsstrahlung --- Photon radiation --- Radiation, Photon --- Bremsstrahlung --- Emission --- Biotechnology. --- Biomedical engineering. --- Genetic engineering. --- Toxicology. --- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Genetic Engineering. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Designed genetic change --- Engineering, Genetic --- Gene splicing --- Genetic intervention --- Genetic surgery --- Genetic recombination --- Biotechnology --- Transgenic organisms --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Toxicology --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Pharmacology. --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Biological physics --- Biology --- Physics --- Physiological effect

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Written by leading international experts in the field of plant metabolic engineering, this book discusses, mainly, applications of plant metabolic engineering. Metabolic engineering, which is part of second generation biotechnology, has made several contributions at basic level as well as at conceptualising products ever since its emergence in the early 1980s. Applications resulting from metabolic engineering are expected to play a very important role in future for plant breeding, e.g. for improved resistance or improved traits concerning health promoting constituents, and production of fine chemicals such as medicines, flavors and fragrances. Considering the tremendous progress that has been made since our first book in the year 2000 urgency was felt to bring together cutting edge research in plant metabolic engineering in applied aspects as a handy reference book. This book has been predominantly dedicated to applied research of metabolic engineering, and a part of it has been allotted for fundamental research that has potential applications. This book is a unique source of information for all those involved with plants as chemical factories of fine chemicals and also to more experienced scientists who work on transgenic plants, besides, senior researchers, graduate students, post-doctroral students, teachers and students as well.

Plants --- Plant biotechnology. --- Plant physiology. --- Biochemical engineering. --- Metabolism. --- Bio-process engineering --- Bioprocess engineering --- Biochemistry --- Biotechnology --- Chemical engineering --- Botany --- Physiology --- Crop biotechnology --- Crops --- Agricultural biotechnology --- Plant metabolism --- Metabolism --- Plant physiology --- Effect of anaerobiosis on --- Biochemistry. --- Botany. --- Agriculture. --- Chemistry. --- Genetic engineering. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Plant Sciences. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Chemistry/Food Science, general. --- Genetic Engineering. --- Designed genetic change --- Engineering, Genetic --- Gene splicing --- Genetic intervention --- Genetic surgery --- Genetic recombination --- Transgenic organisms --- Physical sciences --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition --- Plant science. --- Plant biochemistry. --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics --- Floristic botany

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The past two decades have witnessed an enormous progress in our understanding of plastid (chloroplast) biology. Basic principles of plastid biogenesis, genome structure and function, gene expression and its regulation as well as plastid-nuclear interaction and communication pathways have been elucidated. In addition, the possibility to directly alter the genetic information of the plastid by transformation has facilitated the study of virtually all aspects of plastid biology in vivo and, moreover, has paved the way to diverse applications of transgenic plastids in biotechnology. The present book provides a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on plastid biogenesis, plastid-nuclear communication, the regulation of plastid gene expression at all levels, and also assesses the state of the art in key technologies, such as proteomics and chloroplast transformation. Written by recognized experts in the field, it covers plastid differentiation and division, genome structure and function, plastid inheritance, recombination, DNA replication and repair, transcription, RNA processing and translation as well as crucial posttranslational processes in plastid biogenesis and function, including protein processing, the assembly of multiprotein complexes, protein stability and degradation, protein import and sorting.

Genetic recombination --- Plastids --- Plant molecular biology --- Recombinaison génétique --- Plastes --- Biologie moléculaire végétale --- Plant molecular biology. --- Plant Proteins -- Genetics. --- Plastids -- Genetics. --- Plastids -- Metabolism. --- Plastids. --- Recombination, Genetic. --- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant --- Genetics --- Metabolism --- Plant Proteins --- Recombination, Genetic --- Proteins --- Organelles --- Biology --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Gene Expression Regulation --- Genetic Processes --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Cytoplasmic Structures --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Cytoplasm --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Intracellular Space --- Cellular Structures --- Cells --- Anatomy --- Cytology --- Plant Physiology --- Botany --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Molecular phytobiology --- Phytobiology, Molecular --- Life sciences. --- Biotechnology. --- Cell biology. --- Plant genetics. --- Plant physiology. --- Plant breeding. --- Life Sciences. --- Cell Biology. --- Plant Genetics & Genomics. --- Plant Physiology. --- Plant Breeding/Biotechnology. --- Molecular biology --- Cell organelles --- Photoreceptors --- Plant cells and tissues --- Plant pigments --- Cytology. --- Plant Genetics and Genomics. --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Crops --- Agriculture --- Breeding --- Plants --- Physiology --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cytologists