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Groundwater --- Inorganic compounds --- Pollution. --- Environmental aspects.

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546 --- 546 Inorganic chemistry --- Inorganic chemistry --- Chemistry, Inorganic --- Chemistry --- Inorganic compounds

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The concept of mantle plumes, originally suggested by Morgan (1971), is widely but not unequivocally accepted as the cause for hotspot volcanism. Plumes are thought of as deep-rooted, approximately cylindrical regions of hot rising mantle rock with a typical diameter of 100-200 km. Pressure-release melting near the b- tom of the lithosphere produces magmas that rise to the surface and lead, when the plate moves relative to the plume, to a chain of volcanic edifices whose age p- gresses with increasing distance from the plume. For a long time, the evidence for mantle plumes has been largely circumstantial. Laboratory and computer models of mantle convection show that under certain conditions plume-like structures can be found, and these simulations have been used to characterise their properties. Geodetic signals, such as topographic swells and associated geoid anomalies which surround the volcanic hotspots, support the plume hypothesis. They are best identified in an oceanic environment where the plume signal is usually less s- ceptible to be masked by effects of crustal or lithospheric heterogeneities. The i- topic and trace element composition of hotspot lavas differs from those of m- oceanic ridge basalts which is interpreted as indication for a source reservoir d- ferent from average upper mantle rock. The idea of mantle plumes has gained widespread popularity in various disciplines of Earth science and has been used, sometimes perhaps excessively, to explain volcanic and other phenomena.

Mantle plumes. --- Plumes (Fluid dynamics) --- Fluid dynamics --- Physical geography. --- Chemistry, inorganic. --- Geology. --- Geophysics/Geodesy. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics. --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Inorganic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Geography --- Geophysics. --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Mathematical physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Physics --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics --- Mathematics

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This book containing 30 articles written by highly reputed experts is dedicated to K. Alex Müller on the occasion of his 80th birthday. The contributions reflect the major research areas of K. Alex Müller which he activated in high temperature superconductivity and phase transitions. They are theoretical as well as experimental ones and focus mainly on high temperature superconductivity. A smaller part deals with ferroelectricity and their applications. Also in this field there have recently been major break throughs experimentally as well as theoretically which will be addressed by the invited authors. During the scientific career of K. Alex Müller he made major advances in the understanding of ferroelectricity, which used to be his major research field. The discovery of superconductivity in cuprates for which he received together with J. Georg Bednorz the Nobel Prize in 1987 has not diminished his interest in this area, but has enlarged his activities considerably.

High temperature superconductors. --- Transition metal oxides. --- Metallic oxides --- Transition metal compounds --- Materials at low temperatures --- Superconductors --- Chemistry, inorganic. --- Optical materials. --- Magnetism. --- Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Optics --- Materials --- Inorganic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Mathematical physics --- Physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Electronic materials. --- Magnetic materials. --- Electronic materials --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics

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With contributions by numerous experts.

Electricity --- Electromagnetic Fields --- Iron Compounds --- Ferroelectricity --- Ferroélectricité --- Chemistry. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Ferroelectricity. --- Electromagnetic Phenomena --- Inorganic Chemicals --- Organometallic Compounds --- Radiation --- Physical Phenomena --- Organic Chemicals --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Phenomena and Processes --- Physics --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry --- Inorganic Chemistry --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Ferroelectric effect --- Seignette-electricity --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Electrochemistry. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Physical sciences --- Polarization (Electricity) --- Chemistry, inorganic. --- Optics --- Materials --- Inorganic chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Electronic materials --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical