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The transfer of environmental values in time and space has increased rapidly with the widespread use of cost benefit analysis in project evaluation and regulatory assessments over the last three decades. The purpose of this volume is to take a snapshot of the research that is ongoing in the area of value transfer (benefit transfer). It includes papers by some of the most influential authors in the area, and covers the latest developments in the field. It will be useful for academics conducting research in this area and for practitioners in government agencies and ministries, as well as consulting firms.

Environmental economics. --- Environmental policy. --- Valuation. --- Economics --- Environmental quality --- Appraisal --- Capitalization (Finance) --- Economic valuation --- Property --- Accounting --- Environment and state --- Environmental control --- Environmental management --- Environmental protection --- State and environment --- Environmental auditing --- Environmental aspects --- Economic aspects --- Valuation --- Government policy --- Microeconomics. --- Environmental Economics. --- Price theory

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The subject of this book is production, which is an important and extensive field in economic science. In fact, production, distribution and consump­tion were long considered the three federated kingdoms which together formed the great empire of the economy. According to other slightly dif­ferent traditions, production also held pride of place, specifically as a basic link in the long chain of social reproduction. Today, whatever the theoreti­cal approach, production is a fundamental requirement for human survival. This was not, however, always the case. For much of the history of man­ kind hominids were hunter, scavenger and gatherers, with very little con­trol over their environment, and extremely little in the way of artefacts with which to work. However, since the Neolithic revolution, productive processes have constituted an essential mechanism, providing human soci­ety with goods and services to satisfy its needs and cravings. A simple, yet pertinent, characterization of the production process con­ceives it as the transformation of a conglomerate of factors into a given number of products within a specific period of time. Refining this defini­tion a little further, the said factors may be broken down into different categories: natural resources, means of production (covering two species: working capital and fixed assets) and the different forms of specific work.

Production (Economic theory) --- Microeconomics. --- Flow of funds. --- Price theory --- Economics --- Finance --- Microeconomics --- Supply and demand --- Demand (Economic theory) --- Supply-side economics --- Production management. --- Engineering economy. --- Operations Management. --- Engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing. --- Economy, Engineering --- Engineering economics --- Industrial engineering --- Manufacturing management --- Industrial management --- Engineering economics.

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The book presents a novel socio-economic approach to analysing the - ergy system and energy consumption in India from a household persp- tive. In doing so, it views households as the ultimate end-consumers and estimates and analyses the direct and indirect energy requirements of household consumption, both at an aggregate national level as well as at a disaggregate household level. In addition, the work incorporates two c- cial aspects often ignored by many energy studies that are characteristic of most developing countries, namely the importance of non-commercial sources of biomass energy in the energy systems of these countries, and the enormous diversity and inequity in the patterns of energy access and use across households with different lifestyles and levels of well being. This work was initiated as part of my Ph.D. thesis at the Centre for - ergy Policy and Economics (CEPE) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Te- nology in Z urich (ETHZ ). The thesis was completed at the end of 2002.

Dwellings --- Energy consumption --- Consumption of energy --- Energy efficiency --- Fuel consumption --- Fuel efficiency --- Power resources --- Energy conservation --- Domiciles --- Homes --- Houses --- One-family houses --- Residences --- Residential buildings --- Single-family homes --- Buildings --- Architecture, Domestic --- House-raising parties --- Household ecology --- Housing --- Environmental management. --- Environmental sciences. --- Development economics. --- Microeconomics. --- Environmental Management. --- Energy Policy, Economics and Management. --- Environment, general. --- Development Economics. --- Energy, general. --- Price theory --- Economics --- Economic development --- Environmental science --- Science --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Energy policy. --- Energy and state. --- Environment. --- Energy. --- Energy and state --- State and energy --- Industrial policy --- Government policy --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Population biology --- Ecology

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This book covers the basic analytical methods used in transportation economics and policy analysis. Encompassing fields of economics such as Industrial Organisation, Welfare Economics, General Equilibrium Theory and Input-Output-Analysis, the study of transport from an economic point of view serves as a test bench for applying the methodological developments of economic science to the real world. Each chapter begins with a brief theoretical introduction before evaluating case studies, using the most up-to-date statistical and econometric techniques. Discussed topics include technical and allocative efficiency and productivity related to transportation economics, the impact of information and communication technologies on transportation networks, competition and the effects of deregulation, uses of time and the effects of public investment on the economy and social welfare. The book is addressed to scientists and post-graduate students, but will also be of interest to professionals in civil and transport engineering.

Transportation. --- Economics. --- Business. --- Entrepreneurship. --- Microeconomics. --- Industrial organization. --- Regional economics. --- Spatial economics. --- Business and Management. --- Industrial Organization. --- Regional/Spatial Science. --- Spatial economics --- Economics --- Regional economics --- Regional planning --- Regionalism --- Space in economics --- Industries --- Organization --- Industrial concentration --- Industrial management --- Industrial sociology --- Price theory --- Entrepreneur --- Intrapreneur --- Capitalism --- Business incubators --- Trade --- Management --- Commerce --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Public transportation --- Transport --- Transportation --- Transportation, Primitive --- Transportation companies --- Transportation industry --- Locomotion --- Communication and traffic --- Storage and moving trade --- Economic aspects --- Transport. Traffic --- 656 --- 656 Transport and postal services. Traffic organization and control --- Transport and postal services. Traffic organization and control --- 656 Transport en postdiensten. Verkeersorganisatie en controle --- Transport en postdiensten. Verkeersorganisatie en controle

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Data Envelopment Analysis: A Comprehensive Text with Models, Applications, References, And DEA-Solver Software, 2nd Edition is designed to provide a systematic introduction to DEA and its uses as a multifaceted tool for evaluating problems in a variety of contexts. Each chapter accompanies its developments with simple numerical examples and discussions of actual applications. Emphasis is placed on the use as well as an understanding of DEA and the topics in this book have been selected and treated accordingly. The first nine chapters cover the basic principles of DEA and the final seven chapters are more advanced treatment of DEA. These final chapters were completely revised into new chapters, reflecting recent developments that greatly extend the power and scope of DEA and lead to new directions for research and DEA uses. Together with the first ten chapters of the basic principles, they will provide students and researchers with a solid understanding of the methodology, its uses and its potential.

Data envelopment analysis. --- DEA (Data envelopment analysis) --- Linear programming --- Multivariate analysis --- Operations research. --- Business. --- Econometrics. --- Microeconomics. --- Engineering economy. --- Industrial engineering. --- Operations Research/Decision Theory. --- Business and Management, general. --- Engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing. --- Industrial and Production Engineering. --- Management engineering --- Simplification in industry --- Engineering --- Value analysis (Cost control) --- Economy, Engineering --- Engineering economics --- Industrial engineering --- Price theory --- Economics --- Economics, Mathematical --- Statistics --- Trade --- Management --- Commerce --- Industrial management --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Management science --- Research --- System theory --- Data envelopment analysis --- 519.8 --- 519.8 Operational research --- Decision making. --- Management science. --- Engineering economics. --- Production engineering. --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Manufacturing engineering --- Process engineering --- Mechanical engineering --- Quantitative business analysis --- Operations research --- Statistical decision --- Decision making