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Dieser Band bietet aktuelle Beiträge zu drei zentralen Gebieten der analytischen Philosophie. Teil I, 'Logik', umfasst Texte zur Logik und Mathematik, die das weite Feld der Philosophischen Logik erkennbar machen. Teil II des Buches trägt den Titel 'Begriffe, Kausalität und Selbstwissen'; in ihm sind Detailuntersuchungen zu wichtigen Konzepten der analytischen Philosophie versammelt. In Teil III des Bandes, 'Prinzipien des Handelns', werden analytische Zugänge zu Fragen der praktischen Philosophie exemplarisch aufgezeigt.

Analysis (Philosophy) --- Logic. --- Self-knowledge, Theory of.

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Autobiography. --- Erzählung. --- Identitätsfindung. --- Lebenslauf. --- Philosophie. --- Self-knowledge, Theory of.

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An amnesia victim asking "Who am I?" means something different from a confused adolescent asking the same question. Marya Schechtman takes issue with analytic philosophy's emphasis on the first sort of question to the exclusion of the second. The problem of personal identity, she suggests, is usually understood to be a question about historical life. What she calls the "reidentification question" is taken to be the real metaphysical question of personal identity, whereas questions about beliefs or values and the actions they prompt, the "characterization question," are often presented as merely metaphorical. Failure to recognize the philosophical importance of both these questions, Schechtman argues, has undermined analytic philosophy's attempts at offering a satisfying account of personal identity. Considerations related to the characterization question creep unrecognized into discussions of reidentification, with the result that neither question is adequately addressed. Schechtman shows how separating the two questions allows for a more fruitful approach to the reidentification question, and she develops her own narrative account of characterization. She suggests that persons constitute their identities by developing autobiographical narratives that bear the right relation to facts about the environment, the general concept of a person, and other people's concepts of who they are.

Self --- Self-consciousness (Awareness) --- Self-knowledge, Theory of.

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Developmental psychology --- Depth psychology --- Shadow (Psychoanalysis) --- Self-actualization (Psychology) --- Self-presentation --- Self-knowledge [Theory of ] --- Ontwikkelingspsychologie --- Dieptepsychologie --- Psychotherapie --- Spiritualiteit --- Psychoanalyse

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"Might this be a dream?" In this book, distinguished philosopher J. J. Valberg approaches the familiar question about dream and reality by seeking to identify its subject matter: what is it that would be the dream if "this" were a dream? It turns out to be a subject matter that contains the whole of the world, space, and time but which, like consciousness for Sartre, is nothing "in itself." This subject matter, the "personal horizon," lies at the heart of the main topics--the first person, the self, and the self in time--explored at length in the book. The personal horizon is, Valberg contends, the subject matter whose center each of us occupies, and which for each of us ceases with death. This ceasing to be presents itself solipsistically not just as the end of everything "for me" but as the end of everything absolutely. Yet since it is the same for everyone, this cannot be. Death thus confronts us with an impossible fact: something that cannot be but will be. The puzzle about death is one of several extra-philosophical puzzles about the self that Valberg discusses, puzzles that can trouble everyday consciousness without any contribution from philosophy. Nor can philosophy resolve the puzzles. Its task is to get to the bottom of them, and in this respect to understand ourselves--a task philosophy has always set itself.

Death. --- Experience. --- Self-knowledge, Theory of. --- Solipsism. --- Death --- Experience --- Self-knowledge, Theory of --- Solipsism --- Introspection (Theory of knowledge) --- Knowledge, Reflexive --- Knowledge of self, Theory of --- Reflection (Theory of knowledge) --- Reflexive knowledge --- Dying --- End of life --- Philosophy --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Self (Philosophy) --- Personality (Theory of knowledge) --- Psychology --- Reality --- Pragmatism --- Life --- Terminal care --- Terminally ill --- Thanatology