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Spectrum analysis --- Powders --- Optical properties --- 548.73 --- X-ray analysis (Roentgen radiography) of crystals. X-ray investigation of properties. X-ray structure --- 548.73 X-ray analysis (Roentgen radiography) of crystals. X-ray investigation of properties. X-ray structure --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Optics --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Qualitative --- Spectrometry --- Analytical chemistry

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Measurement techniques form the basis of our knowledge about atmospheric composition and chemistry. Presently, important questions of atmospheric chemistry center on urban pollution, free-radical chemistry, degradation of greenhouse gases and the budgets of tropospheric and stratospheric ozone. Among the many different optical spectroscopic methods that are in use, DOAS has emerged as a universal technique to measure the concentrations of atmospheric trace gases by making use of the characteristic absorption features of gas molecules along a path of known length in the open atmosphere. This book reviews the basics of atmospheric chemistry, radiation transport, and optical spectroscopy before detailing the principles underlying DOAS. The second part of the book describes the design and application of DOAS instruments as well as the evaluation and interpretation of spectra. The recent expansion of DOAS application to the imaging of trace gas distributions by ground, aircraft, and satellite-based instruments is also covered. Written for graduate students and researchers with a general background in environmental physics, this book especially addresses the needs of those working in the field of atmospheric chemistry, pollution monitoring, and volcanology.

Optical spectroscopy. --- Absorption spectra. --- Light absorption. --- Spectrum analysis. --- Atmospheric chemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Optics --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Absorption of light --- Optical absorption --- Absorption --- Opacity (Optics) --- Selective absorption --- Exciton theory --- Molecular spectroscopy --- Spectrum analysis --- Spectroscopy, Optical --- Visible spectroscopy --- Qualitative --- Atmospheric science --- Geology. --- Physical geography. --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Geochemistry. --- Natural Hazards. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Geophysics and Environmental Physics. --- Environmental Physics. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Geography --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Natural history --- Spectrometry --- Natural disasters. --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Geophysics. --- Environmental sciences. --- Physical chemistry. --- Dynamics --- Physics --- Natural calamities --- Disasters --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Environmental science --- Science --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics

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The 2007 ESO Instrument Calibration workshop brought together more than 120 participants with the objective to a) foster the sharing of information, experience and techniques between observers, instrument developers and instrument operation teams, b) review the actual precision and limitations of the applied instrument calibration plans, and c) collect the current and future requirements by the ESO users. These present proceedings include the majority of the workshop’s contributions and document the status quo of instrument calibration at ESO in large detail. Topics covered are: Optical Spectro-Imagers, Optical Multi-Object Spectrographs, NIR and MIR Spectro-Imagers, High-Resolution Spectrographs, Integral Field Spectrographs, Adaptive Optics Instruments, Polarimetric Instruments, Wide Field Imagers, Interferometric Instruments as well as other crucial aspects such as data flow, quality control, data reduction software and atmospheric effects. It was stated in the workshop that "calibration is a life-long learning process''. In this sense, this book will be a reference point for all future efforts to improve instrument calibration procedures in astronomy.

Astronomisches Instrument --- Kalibrieren --- Garching --- Astronomical instruments -- Calibration -- Congresses. --- Astronomical instruments -- Calibration. --- Astronomical instruments. --- Astronomical instruments --- Spectroscope --- Astronomical spectroscopy --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Astronomy - General --- Astronomical Observatories & Instruments --- Calibration --- Equipment and supplies --- Spectroscopy, Astronomical --- Astronomy --- Instruments, Astronomical --- Instruments --- Physics. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astrophysics. --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Observations. --- Absorption spectra --- Astrophysics --- Spectrum analysis --- Optical instruments --- Physical instruments --- Scientific apparatus and instruments --- Space optics

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Organic Structures from Spectra, Fourth Edition consists of a carefully selected set of over 300 structural problems involving the use of all the major spectroscopic techniques. The problems are graded to develop and consolidate the students understanding of Organic Spectroscopy, with the accompanying text outlining the basic theoretical aspects of  major spectroscopic techniques at a level sufficient to tackle the problems. 

Specific changes for the new edition will include

- A significantly expanded section on 2D NMR spectroscopy focusing on COSY, NOESY and CH-Correlation
- Incorporating new material into some tables to provide extra characteristic data for various classes of compounds
- Additional basic information on how to solve spectroscopic problems
- Providing new problems within the area of 10 2D NMR spectroscopy
- More problems at the simpler end of the range

As with previous editions, this book combines basic theory, practical advice and sensible approaches to solving spectra problems. It will therefore continue to prove invaluable to students studying organic spectroscopy across a range of disciplines.


Organic compounds --- Spectrum analysis --- 543.42 --- 547.02 --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectrometry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Optics --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Compounds, Organic --- Organic chemicals --- Carbon compounds --- 543.42 Spectrum analysis. Spectroscopy. Spectrography. Spectrometry. Spectrophotometry. Fluorescence analysis --- Spectrum analysis. Spectroscopy. Spectrography. Spectrometry. Spectrophotometry. Fluorescence analysis --- 547.02 Organic chemistry--?.02 --- Organic chemistry--?.02 --- Structure --- Qualitative --- Physicochemistry --- Organic spectroscopy --- Organic chemistry --- organic chemistry --- spectrometry --- organische chemie --- fysicochemie --- spectrometrie --- Analytical chemistry

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Semiconductor Device Physics and Design provides a fresh and unique teaching tool. Over the last decade device performances are driven by new materials, scaling, heterostructures and new device concepts. Semiconductor devices have mostly relied on Si but increasingly GaAs, InGaAs and heterostructures made from Si/SiGe, GaAs/AlGaAs etc have become important. Over the last few years one of the most exciting new entries has been the nitride based heterostructures. New physics based on polar charges and polar interfaces has become important as a result of the nitrides. Nitride based devices are now used for high power applications and in lighting and display applications. For students to be able to participate in this exciting arena, a lot of physics, device concepts, heterostructure concepts and materials properties need to be understood. It is important to have a textbook that teaches students and practicing engineers about all these areas in a coherent manner. Semiconductor Device Physics and Design starts out with basic physics concepts including the physics behind polar heterostructures and strained heterostructures. Important devices ranging from p-n diodes to bipolar and field effect devices are then discussed. An important distinction users will find in this book is the discussion presented on device needs from the perspective of various technologies. For example, how much gain is needed in a transistor, how much power, what kind of device characteristics is needed? Not surprisingly the needs depend upon applications. The needs of an A/D or D/A converter will be different from that of an amplifier in a cell phone. Similarly the diodes used in a laptop will place different requirements on the device engineer than diodes used in a mixer circuit. By relating device design to device performance and then relating device needs to system use the student can see how device design works in real world. < Semiconductor Device Physics and Design is comprehensive without being overwhelming. The focus was to make this a useful text book so that the information contained is cohesive without including all aspects of device physics. The lesson plans demonstrated how this book could be used in a 1 semester or 2 quarter sequence.

Semiconductors. --- Transistors. --- Electronics --- Semiconductors --- Crystalline semiconductors --- Semi-conductors --- Semiconducting materials --- Semiconductor devices --- Crystals --- Electrical engineering --- Solid state electronics --- Materials --- Systems engineering. --- Optical materials. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Solid State Physics. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Optics --- Engineering systems --- System engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial engineering --- System analysis --- Design and construction --- Electronic circuits. --- Solid state physics. --- Spectroscopy. --- Microscopy. --- Electronic materials. --- Electronic materials --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectrometry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Physics --- Solids --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Qualitative --- Analytical chemistry