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When it comes to water and wastewater treatment facilities, environmental engineers quickly discover that knowledge of chemical, physical, and biological processes is not enough to ensure a workable design and trouble-free operation. The success of a treatment system depends to a significant degree on the system's fluid flow—that is, on the selection and arrangement of pipes, channels, valves, pumps, and other hydraulic components that move fluid through the system. Treatment System Hydraulics addresses the nuts-and-bolts of treatment systems, examining typical variables and describing methods for solving the problems faced by practitioners on a daily basis. The book begins with an introduction to treatment systems and hydraulics and explains the basic concepts of fluid properties, fluid statics, and fluid flow. Then Bergendahl discusses the factors that shape engineering decisions: friction in closed conduits, pumps and motors, granular media, valves, instrumentation, materials and corrosion, effects of transient conditions, and open channel flow. Each chapter presents fundamental concepts and applications in diverse situations, along with worked examples and problem sets. Suitable for undergraduate and graduate courses, Treatment System Hydraulics is also an useful reference for environmental, mechanical, civil, and chemical engineers designing or managing water treatment facilities.

Pipelines. --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Fluid dynamics. --- Sewage disposal plants --- Water treatment plants --- Water --- Sewage --- Fluid flow --- Chemical treatment --- Hydraulic design --- Hydrostatics --- Hydraulic properties --- Open channel flow --- Granular materials --- Design and construction. --- Purification.

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Computational resources have developed to the level that, for the first time, it is becoming possible to apply large-eddy simulation (LES) to turbulent flow problems of realistic complexity. Many examples can be found in technology and in a variety of natural flows. This puts issues related to assessing, assuring, and predicting the quality of LES into the spotlight. Several LES studies have been published in the past, demonstrating a high level of accuracy with which turbulent flow predictions can be attained, without having to resort to the excessive requirements on computational resources imposed by direct numerical simulations. However, the setup and use of turbulent flow simulations requires a profound knowledge of fluid mechanics, numerical techniques, and the application under consideration. The susceptibility of large-eddy simulations to errors in modelling, in numerics, and in the treatment of boundary conditions, can be quite large due to nonlinear accumulation of different contributions over time, leading to an intricate and unpredictable situation. A full understanding of the interacting error dynamics in large-eddy simulations is still lacking. To ensure the reliability of large-eddy simulations for a wide range of industrial users, the development of clear standards for the evaluation, prediction, and control of simulation errors in LES is summoned. The workshop on Quality and Reliability of Large-Eddy Simulations, held October 22-24, 2007 in Leuven, Belgium (QLES2007), provided one of the first platforms specifically addressing these aspects of LES.

Fluids. --- Thermodynamics. --- Fluid mechanics. --- Hydromechanics --- Continuum mechanics --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Hydraulics --- Hydrostatics --- Permeability --- Classical and Continuum Physics. --- Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. --- Continuum physics. --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Classical field theory --- Continuum physics

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This textbook describes various physical, radiative, dynamical and chemical processes involved in the coupling between the Stratosphere and Troposphere. This textbook is intended for graduate students in middle atmosphere stratospheric physics, dynamic and atmospheric science courses and will be useful to all research workers in meteorology, aeronomy, atmospheric physics, atmospheric chemistry and environmental sciences. Current areas of interest, such as Antarctic ozone hole, global warming effects on stratospheric cooling are also addressed. Stratosphere troposphere exchange, transport processes in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere and the role of stratosphere on tropospheric weather systems are presented. The information provided in the textbook will have broad applicability in other branches of atmospheric science, and will be of interest to those studying such areas as climate change, extreme weather events, and potential for the prediction of tropospheric weather systems. A comprehensive stratosphere troposphere coupling textbook Highly illustrated with diagrams and figures Includes latest developments and provides problem sets A valuable reference for all atmospheric scientists 2008 ASLI Choice Award ! Springer is proud to announce that Stratosphere Troposphere Interactions has been awarded for 2008 ASLI Choice, this is an award for the best book of 2008 in the fields of meteorology, climatology, atmospheric sciences. K. Mohankumar is Dean of the Faculty of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, India. He has been a visiting scientist at the Stratospheric Research Group in Freie University Belin, Germany. With 25 years of postgraduate teaching experience in the field of atmospheric sciences, he has published over 75 research papers.

Stratospheric circulation. --- Tropospheric circulation. --- Boundary layer (Meteorology) --- Atmospheric circulation --- Stratosphere --- Atmosphere, Lower --- Atmospheric boundary layer --- Friction layer (Meteorology) --- Ground layer (Meteorology) --- Lower atmosphere --- Planetary boundary layer --- Surface boundary layer --- Surface layer (Meteorology) --- Atmosphere --- Geography. --- Thermodynamics. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Earth Sciences, general. --- Fluid- and Aerodynamics. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Earth sciences. --- Fluids. --- Hydraulics --- Hydrostatics --- Permeability --- Geosciences --- Environmental sciences --- Physical sciences --- Atmospheric sciences

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The CIME Summer School held in Cetraro, Italy, in 2006 addressed researchers interested in the mathematical study of quantum transport models. In this volume, a result of the above mentioned Summer School, four leading specialists present different aspects of quantum transport modelling. Allaire introduces the periodic homogenization theory, with a particular emphasis on applications to the Schrödinger equation. Arnold focuses on several quantum evolution equations that are used for quantum semiconductor device simulations. Degond presents quantum hydrodynamic and diffusion models starting from the entropy minimization principle. Hou provides the state-of-the-art survey of the multiscale analysis, modelling and simulation of transport phenomena. The volume contains accurate expositions of the main aspects of quantum transport modelling and provides an excellent basis for researchers in this field.

Quantum electrodynamics --- Evolution equations --- Quantum theory --- Transport theory --- Asymptotic theory --- Mathematical models --- Evolutionary equations --- Equations, Evolution --- Equations of evolution --- Differential equations --- Boltzmann transport equation --- Transport phenomena --- Mathematical physics --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Radiation --- Statistical mechanics --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Differential equations, partial. --- Quantum theory. --- Mechanics. --- Partial Differential Equations. --- Quantum Physics. --- Classical Mechanics. --- Fluid- and Aerodynamics. --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Dynamics --- Partial differential equations --- Partial differential equations. --- Quantum physics. --- Fluids. --- Hydraulics --- Hydrostatics --- Permeability

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This is the 4th edition of a book originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers. It is an exhaustive monograph on turbulence in fluids in its theoretical and applied aspects, with many advanced developments using mathematical spectral methods (two-point closures like the EDQNM theory), direct-numerical simulations, and large-eddy simulations. The book is still of great actuality on a topic of the utmost importance for engineering and environmental applications, and presents a very detailed presentation of the field. The fourth edition incorporates new results coming from research work done since 1997. Many of these results come from direct and large-eddy simulations methods, which have provided significant advances in problems such as turbulent mixing or thermal exchanges (with and without gravity effects). Topics dealt with include: an introduction to turbulence in fluid mechanics; basic fluid dynamics; transition to turbulence; shear-flow turbulence; Fourier analysis for homogeneous turbulence; isotropic turbulence; phenomenology and simulations; analytical theories and stochastic models; two-dimensional turbulence; geostrophic turbulence; absolute-equilibrium ensembles; the statistical predictability theory; large-eddy simulations; and a section that explores developments towards real-world turbulence.

Turbulence. --- Fluid dynamics. --- Dynamics --- Fluid mechanics --- Flow, Turbulent --- Turbulent flow --- Fluid dynamics --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Oceanography. --- Computer science. --- Engineering Fluid Dynamics. --- Fluid- and Aerodynamics. --- Complex Systems. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Computational Science and Engineering. --- Informatics --- Science --- Oceanography, Physical --- Oceanology --- Physical oceanography --- Thalassography --- Earth sciences --- Marine sciences --- Ocean --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Engineering --- Hydraulics --- Shore protection --- Fluid mechanics. --- Fluids. --- Statistical physics. --- Dynamical systems. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Computer mathematics. --- Hydromechanics --- Continuum mechanics --- Computer mathematics --- Electronic data processing --- Mathematics --- Atmospheric sciences --- Atmosphere --- Dynamical systems --- Kinetics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Force and energy --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Statics --- Mathematical statistics --- Hydrostatics --- Permeability --- Statistical methods