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Black holes (Astronomy) --- Black holes (Astronomy). --- Cosmology --- Cosmology. --- Gravitation --- Gravitation. --- Relativity (Physics) --- Relativity (Physics).

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In July 2006, a major international conference was held at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Canada, to celebrate the career and work of a remarkable man of letters. Abner Shimony, who is well known for his pioneering contributions to foundations of quantum mechanics, is a physicist as well as a philosopher, and is highly respected among the intellectuals of both communities. In line with Shimony's conviction that philosophical investigation is not to be divorced from theoretical and empirical work in the sciences, the conference brought together leading theoretical physicists, experimentalists, as well as philosophers. This book collects twenty-three original essays stemming from the conference, on topics including history and methodology of science, Bell's theorem, probability theory, the uncertainty principle, stochastic modifications of quantum mechanics, and relativity theory. It ends with a transcript of a fascinating discussion between Lee Smolin and Shimony, ranging over the entire spectrum of Shimony's wide-ranging contributions to philosophy, science, and philosophy of science.

Quantum Physics. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory.

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"Das vorliegende Büchlein soll solchen eine möglichst exakte Einsicht in die Relativitätstheorie vermitteln, die sich vom allgemein wissenschaftlichen, philosophischen Standpunkt für die Theorie interessieren, ohne den mathematischen Apparat der theoretischen Physik zu beherrschen. Die Lektüre setzt etwa Maturitätsbildung und - trotz der Kürze des Büchleins- ziemlich viel Geduld und Willenskraft beim Leser voraus. Der Verfasser hat sich die größte Mühe gegeben, die Hauptgedanken möglichst deutlich und einfach vorzubringen, im ganzen in solcher Reihenfolge und in solchem Zusammenhange, wie sie tatsächlich entstanden sind. Im Interesse der Deutlichkeit erschien es mir unvermeidlich, mich oft zu wiederholen, ohne auf die Eleganz der Darstellung die geringste Rücksicht zu nehmen; ich hielt mich gewissenhaft an die Vorschrift des genialen Theoretikers L. Boltzmann, man solle die Eleganz Sache der Schneider und Schuster sein lassen." Albert Einstein (aus dem Vorwort).

Gravitation. --- Geophysics. --- Mathematics. --- Popular works. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Geophysics and Environmental Physics. --- Mathematics, general. --- Popular Science, general.

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This book provides a comprehensive, authoritative and timely review of the astrophysical approach to the investigation of gravity theories. Particular attention is paid to strong-field tests of general relativity and alternative theories of gravity, performed using collapsed objects (neutron stars, black holes and white dwarfs) in relativistic binaries as laboratories. The book starts with an introduction which gives the background linking experimental gravity in cosmic laboratories to astrophysics and fundamental physics. Subsequent chapters cover observational and theoretical aspects of the following topics: from binaries as test-beds of gravity theories to binary pulsars as cosmic laboratories; from binary star evolution to the formation of relativistic binaries; from short gamma-ray bursts to low mass X-ray binaries; from stellar-mass black hole binaries to coalescing super-massive black holes in galaxy mergers. The book will be useful to researchers, PhD and graduate students in Astrophysics, Cosmology, Physics and Mathematics, who are interested in relativistic astrophysics, experimental gravity and general relativity.

Compact objects (Astronomy). --- Double stars --Evolution. --- General relativity (Physics). --- Relativistic astrophysics. --- Relativistic astrophysics --- General relativity (Physics) --- Compact objects (Astronomy) --- Double stars --- Astrophysics --- Astronomy - General --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Evolution --- Evolution. --- Relativistic theory of gravitation --- Relativity theory, General --- Compact stars --- Objects, Compact (Astronomy) --- Astronomy. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Stars --- Relativity (Physics) --- Gravitation --- Physics --- Astrophysics. --- Gravitation. --- Field theory (Physics) --- Matter --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Properties

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This book has resulted from a course in the general theory of relativity at the University of Oslo where the author has lectured for more than twenty years. Although the text is designed for master students, it is rather self-contained. Since mathematics courses on differential geometry and tensor calculus usually employ a rather abstract notation different from the component notation used in physical applications, the book introduces not only an introduction to the physical principles of the theory and physical applications of the theory, but also introduces the mathematics which is needed, in particular the calculus of differential forms. Detailed calculations are given of the bending of light, the perihelion precession of Mercury and the predictions for the Hafele-Keating experiment. The Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation is deduced and solved for an incompressible fluid to give the internal Schwarzschild solution. Rotating black holes are discussed. The Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe models are deduced. Also the reader will become familiar with the Universe model which is now considered as the standard model of the universe; a flat model filled with vacuum energy and cold matter. The inflationary era at the first moment of the history of our universe is also discussed.

Relativity (Physics) --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Atomic Physics --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Gravitation. --- Astronomy. --- Astrophysics. --- Cosmology. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Mathematical Methods in Physics. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Gravitation --- Nonrelativistic quantum mechanics --- Space and time --- Mathematical physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Mathematics --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Field theory (Physics) --- Matter --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Properties