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Sociolinguistics --- Europe --- Language policy --- Ethnicity --- Politique linguistique --- Ethnicite --- Ethnicité --- Academic collection --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- Ethnic identity --- Group identity --- Cultural fusion --- Multiculturalism --- Cultural pluralism --- Government policy --- Congresses --- Language policy - Europe - Congresses --- Ethnicity - Europe - Congresses --- Politique linguistique - Europe - Congres --- Ethnicite - Europe - Congres

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Language policy is all about choices. If you are bilingual or plurilingual, you have to choose which language to use. Even if you speak only one language, you have choices of dialects and styles. Some of these choices are the result of management, reflecting conscious and explicit efforts by language managers to control the choices. This book presents a specific theory of language management. Bernard Spolsky reviews research on the family, religion, the workplace, the media, schools, legal and health institutions, the military and government. Also discussed are language activists, international organisations, and human rights relative to language, and the book concludes with a review of language managers and management agencies. A model is developed that recognises the complexity of language management, makes sense of the various forces involved, and clarifies why it is such a difficult enterprise.

Language and languages --- Language policy. --- Sociolinguistics. --- Variation. --- Language planning. --- Planned language change --- Sociolinguistics --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- Characterology of speech --- Language diversity --- Language subsystems --- Language variation --- Linguistic diversity --- Variation in language --- Planning --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects --- Government policy --- Arts and Humanities --- Language & Linguistics

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This book examines the social cost of linguistic exceptionalism for the education of speakers of nondominant/subordinated languages in Africa and the African diaspora. The contributors take the languages of Africa, the Caribbean, and the US as cases in point to illustrate the effects of exceptionalist beliefs that these languages are inadequate for instructional purposes. They describe contravening movements toward various forms of linguistic diversity both inside and outside of school settings across these regions. Different theoretical lenses and a range of empirical data are brought to bear on investigating the role of these languages in educational policies and practices. Collectively, the chapters in this volume make the case for a comprehensive language awareness to remedy the myths of linguistic exceptionalism and to advance the affirmative dimensions of linguistic diversity.

Language and education. --- Language policy. --- Blacks --- Linguistic minorities. --- Language awareness. --- Linguistic awareness --- Metalinguistic knowledge --- Awareness --- Psycholinguistics --- Minority languages --- Language and languages --- Minorities --- Sociolinguistics --- African languages --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- Educational linguistics --- Education --- Languages. --- Political aspects --- Government policy --- Black persons --- Negroes --- Ethnology --- Black people --- Minoritized languages --- Africa. --- African minority languages. --- diaspora. --- language and education. --- language awareness. --- linguistic diversity. --- linguistic exceptionalism.

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Alyssa Ayres' fascinating study examines Pakistan's troubled history by exploring the importance of culture to political legitimacy. Early leaders selected Urdu as the natural symbol of the nation's great cultural past, but due to its limited base great efforts would be required to make it truly national. This paradox underscores the importance of cultural policies for national identity formation. By comparing Pakistan's experience with those of India and Indonesia, the author analyzes how their national language policies led to very different outcomes. The lessons of these large multiethnic states offer insights for the understanding of culture, identity, and nationalism throughout the world. The book is aimed at scholars in the fields of history, political theory and South Asian studies, as well as those interested in the history of culture and nationalism in one of the world's most complex, and challenging, countries.

POLITICAL LEGITIMACY -- 323.1 --- NATIONAL IDENTITY FORMATION -- 323.1 --- ETHNIC RELATIONS -- 323.1 --- NATIONALISM -- 323.1 --- LANGUAGE POLICIES -- 323.1 --- Language policy --- Language and culture --- Nationalism --- Culture and language --- Culture --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- Government policy --- Pakistan --- Dominion of Pakistan --- Bākistān --- Islamic Republic of Pakistan --- Islamskai︠a︡ Respublika Pakistan --- Islami Jamhuriya e Pakistan --- Pākistāna --- پاکِستان --- Islāmī Jumhūrī-ye Pākistān --- باكستان --- Paquistan --- Пакістан --- Ісламская Рэспубліка Пакістан --- Пакистан --- Ислямска република Пакистан --- Isli︠a︡mska republika Pakistan --- Islamische Republik Pakistan --- Eʼeʼaahjí Naakaii Dootłʼizhí Bikéyah --- Pakistani Islamivabariik --- Πακιστάν --- Ισλαμική Δημοκρατία του Πακιστάν --- Islamikē Dēmokratia tou Pakistan --- Jamhuryat Islami Pakistan --- State of Pakistan --- Islāmī Jumhūriyah Pākistān --- パキスタン --- Pakisutan --- West Pakistan (Pakistan) --- Languages --- Political aspects. --- Social Sciences --- Political Science