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This report describes the creation, organization, governance, and operation of asbestos personal-injury trusts and compiles publicly available information on the assets, outlays, claim-approval criteria, and governing boards of the 26 largest trusts. The authors find that claim payments by the 26 largest trusts totaled at least $10.9 billion through 2008. While legislative and judicial reforms have made it increasingly difficult to obtain compensation for nonmalignant diseases in the tort system, the trust system remains a source of compensation for such injuries. The authors find that the median trust is able to pay 25 percent of the value it assigns to a claim and that trust transaction costs appear favorable to those in the tort system. The publicly available data on asbestos bankruptcy trusts provide an informative overview of trust practices and activity; however, they are limited in many important ways. Perhaps the most important limitation is the inability to link payments across trusts to the same individual. The ability to understand the trusts' effect on total claimant compensation from the trusts and the tort system combined and the compensation paid by solvent defendants will depend, to a large extent, on whether solvent defendants, trusts, and plaintiffs' attorneys are willing to release individual compensation information on a confidential basis for research purposes.
Bankruptcy trustees --- Compensation (Law) --- Personal injuries --- Trusts and trustees --- Asbestos --- Law and legislation
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Since its first systematic application during the 1970s, bioremediation, or the exploitation of a biological system’s degradative potential to combat toxic pollutants such as heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), cyanides, and radioactive material, has proven itself over time, and the many advances in molecular techniques have only amplified its utility. In Bioremediation: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field explore imaginative and ambitious multidisciplinary techniques that will enable more predictable removal of pollutants from a variety of environments. The easy-to-follow volume addresses some of the broader issues such as the effect of the environment in determining the availability and fate of organic and inorganic compounds and how choices around the most appropriate bioremediation process can be arrived at, as well as detailed complementary techniques that support the effective deployment and monitoring of a bioremediation approach. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Bioremediation: Methods and Protocols offers researchers a series of invaluable techniques certain to enhance their work with environmental contamination.
Biotechnology. --- Pollution. --- Environmental sciences. --- Pollution, general. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Environment, general. --- Environmental science --- Science --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental aspects
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Through a collection essays by leading scholars in international environmental law from around the world, this book explores the future of international environmental law in a world of ever worsening environmental crises. It examines the success stories and the failures of international environmental law and argues that future responses to global environmental crisis will be more about good environmental governance rather than just more treaties and laws. Environmental governance in future will need to accommodate the needs and aspirations of peoples from developed and developing countries ali
Environmental law, International. --- Pollution --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- International environmental law --- International law --- Common heritage of mankind (International law) --- Law and legislation --- International cooperation. --- Environmental aspects --- Environnement (Droit international)
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Air --- Pollution --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Atmosphere --- Environmental aspects
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"Written for researchers and practitioners in environmental pollution, management and ecology, this interdisciplinary account explores the ecological issues associated with industrial pollution to provide a complete picture of this important environmental problem from cause to effect to solution. Bringing together diverse viewpoints from academia and environmental agencies and regulators, the contributors cover such topics as biological resources of mining areas, biomonitoring of freshwater and marine ecosystems and risk assessment of contaminated land in order to explore important questions such as: What are the effects of pollutants on functional ecology and ecosystems? Do current monitoring techniques accurately signal the extent of industrial pollution? Does existing policy provide a coherent and practicable approach? Case studies from throughout the world illustrate major themes and provide valuable insights into the positive and negative effects of industrial pollution, the provision of appropriate monitoring schemes and the design of remediation and restoration strategies."--NHBS Environment Bookstore.
Environmental monitoring --- Pollution --- Pollution prevention --- Environnement --- Environmental aspects --- Measurement --- Surveillance --- Aspect de l'environnement --- Mesure --- Prévention --- Environmental monitoring. --- Pollution. --- Pollution prevention. --- Measurement. --- Prévention --- Prevention of pollution --- Environmental protection --- Environmental forensics --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Applied ecology --- Environmental aspects. --- Control --- Prevention and control --- Monitoring
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This book presents a critical analysis of India`s environment pollution and protection scenario, following the 'State-Pressure-Response' framework to analysing the parameters of conservation. It advocates that the role of environmental law should not be restricted to mere prevention and control of pollution but should encompass conservation and regeneration of natural resources, too. The book also reflects on India's management policy regarding resource conservation and highlights the international laws on arbitration in environmental matters. It is a one stop reference for all debates and dis
Conservation of natural resources --- Environmental law, International. --- Pollution --- Environnement (Droit international) --- Law and legislation --- Droit --- International environmental law --- International law --- Common heritage of mankind (International law) --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Conservation of resources --- Natural resources --- Natural resources conservation --- Resources conservation, Natural --- Environmental protection --- Natural resources conservation areas --- Environmental aspects --- Conservation
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The Polluters brings to light a previously untold story of personal struggle, scientific conflict,and political intrigue over the environment. Research was slanted, unwelcome discoverieswere suppressed, and political strings were pulled as the expanding chemical industry setloose a flood of environmental damage that still engulfs us.
Chemical industry --- Pollution --- Pollutants. --- Chemical pollutants --- Contaminants, Environmental --- Environmental contaminants --- Environmental pollutants --- Chemicals --- Chemical industries --- Man-made chemicals industry --- Synthetic chemicals industry --- Industries --- Environmental aspects --- Manufacture and industry --- Chemical pollution --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Chemical industry - Environmental aspects - United States --- Chemicals - Environmental aspects - United States
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Pollution. --- Environmental degradation. --- Environmental protection. --- Environmental quality management --- Protection of environment --- Environmental sciences --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental policy --- Environmental quality --- Degradation, Environmental --- Destruction, Environmental --- Deterioration, Environmental --- Environmental destruction --- Environmental deterioration --- Natural disasters --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Environmental aspects
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The Dynamic Energy Budget theory unifies the commonalities between organisms, as prescribed by the implications of energetics, and links different levels of biological organisation (cells, organisms and populations). The theory presents simple mechanistic rules that describe the uptake and use of energy and nutrients and the consequences for physiological organisation throughout an organism's life cycle, including the energetics of ageing and contact with toxic compounds. This new edition includes a new chapter on evolutionary aspects, and discusses methods to quantify entropy for living individuals, isotope dynamics, a mechanism behind reserve dynamics, and toxicity of complex mixtures of compounds. An updated ageing module now also applies to demand systems, new methods for parameter estimation, adaptation of substrate uptake, the use of otiliths for reconstruction of food level trajectories, the differentiated growth of body parts (such as tumours and organs) linked to their function, and many more topics.
Bioenergetics --- Energy budget (Geophysics) --- Budget, Energy (Geophysics) --- Geophysics --- Energy balance (Biology) --- Energy budget (Biology) --- Energy dynamics (Ecology) --- Energy utilization (Biology) --- Biochemistry --- Mathematical models. --- Biology --- Pollution --- Environmental aspects. --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Biological models --- Biomathematics --- Environmental aspects
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This book examines the policy and politics of two health risks, which have recently become prominent social issues in many countries. One is the issue of asbestos as an environmental risk to humans, and another is that of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), or mad cow disease as an animal disease, and of its variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) as a human food risk. Employing a set of analytical frameworks in political science, each case study explores how the issues emerged, agendas got set, alternatives were chosen, and policies were implemented. Through the analysis, it is examined how safety and public reassurance were pursued in the countries studied (Japan, the UK, France the USA, and Korea). Exploration of the successes and failures in their efforts discloses the key elements to successful health risk management.
Asbestos -- Environmental aspects. --- Asbestos -- Toxicology. --- Bovine spongiform encephalopathy -- Prevention -- Government policy. --- Environmental Health -- Europe. --- Environmental health -- Government policy. --- Environmental Health -- Japan. --- Environmental health -- Political aspects. --- Environmental Health -- United States. --- Environmental health --- Asbestos --- Bovine spongiform encephalopathy --- Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform --- Public Policy --- Food Supply --- Japan --- Europe --- Environmental Health --- United States --- Silicates --- North America --- Social Control Policies --- Geographic Locations --- Health Occupations --- Prion Diseases --- Cattle Diseases --- Food Industry --- Far East --- Industry --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Policy --- Neurodegenerative Diseases --- Minerals --- Geographicals --- Silicic Acid --- Social Control, Formal --- Americas --- Asia --- Central Nervous System Infections --- Animal Diseases --- Silicon Dioxide --- Social Sciences --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Inorganic Chemicals --- Central Nervous System Diseases --- Nervous System Diseases --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Sociology --- Diseases --- Health Care --- Silicon Compounds --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Public Health --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Political aspects --- Government policy --- Environmental aspects --- Toxicology --- Prevention --- Food --- Management. --- Safety measures. --- Environmental quality --- Health --- Health ecology --- Health aspects --- Medicine. --- Political science. --- Nutrition. --- Environmental management. --- Environmental health. --- Sociology. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Medicine/Public Health, general. --- Political Science. --- Sociology, general. --- Environmental Management. --- Environmental Health. --- Public health --- Environmental engineering --- Health risk assessment
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