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Évaluation des réformes de la politique agricole aux États-Unis
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ISBN: 9264096752 9264096744 Year: 2011 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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Les États-Unis sont l’un des plus importants producteurs de produits agricoles du monde. Ils disposent d’un très vaste marché intérieur et sont le premier exportateur mondial de produits agricoles. En effet, la part de la production qui est exportée est plus de deux fois plus élevée dans l’agriculture que dans n’importe quel autre secteur aux États-Unis et l’excédent commercial agricole est un important stimulant pour l’économie du pays. Par conséquent, les politiques agricoles américaines exercent une forte influence sur les marchés agricoles mondiaux. Les États-Unis mettent en œuvre toute une série de politiques agricoles qui visent à atteindre des objectifs habituels, comme la stabilisation de la production et le soutien des revenus agricoles, aussi bien que d’autres dont l’importance s’est récemment accrue, consistant par exemple à assurer une alimentation suffisante, à garantir la sécurité des aliments, à promouvoir la protection de l’environnement et à favoriser le développement rural. Cette étude analyse et évalue les politiques agricoles des États-Unis, et plus particulièrement la loi de 2008 sur l’alimentation, la conservation des ressources et l’énergie, en la replaçant dans le contexte de l’évolution de la politique agricole enregistrée aux États-Unis depuis 1985. Elle examine de près cinq lois agricoles : la loi sur la sécurité alimentaire de 1985 ; la loi sur l’alimentation, l’agriculture, la conservation des ressources et les échanges de 1990 ; la loi fédérale sur l’amélioration et la réforme de l’agriculture de 1996 ; la loi sur la sécurité agricole et l’investissement rural de 2002 ; et la loi sur l’alimentation, la conservation des ressources et l’énergie de 2008. Cette étude examine aussi plusieurs problèmes et défis qui se font jour auxquels devront répondre les politiques agricoles des Etats-Unis et propose des recommandations importantes à l’intention des pouvoirs publics.


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Rural Labour Market Developments in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
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ISBN: 9461381298 Year: 2011 Publisher: Brussels, Belgium : Centre for European Policy Studies,

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This paper provides an overview and comparison of labour markets in agricultural and rural areas in the three candidate countries for the EU membership: Croatia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Turkey. We analyse and compare the labour market structures and the factors driving them. The analyses are based on the available cross-section and time-series data on agricultural labour structures and living conditions in rural areas. Considerable differences are found among the candidate countries in the importance of the agricultural labour force, between rural and urban labour, and in poverty and living conditions in rural areas. Agricultural and rural labour market structures are the result of demographic and education processes, in addition to labour flows between agricultural and non-agricultural activities, from rural areas to urban ones and migration flows abroad. Declines in the agricultural labour force and rural population are foreseen for each of the candidate countries, but with significant variations between them. Showing different patterns over time, labour market developments in the sector and rural areas have been shaped by the overall labour market institutions, conditions and other factors in each country, such as the legal basis, educational attainment and migration flows, as well as the presence of non-agricultural activities in rural areas.


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An inside view of the CAP reform process : explaining the MacSharry, Agenda 2000, and Fischler reforms
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Year: 2011 Publisher: Oxford : Oxford University Press,

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From its formation in the 1960s through to 1992, the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) was almost immune to change. With the benefit of Arlindo Cunha's insider's knowledge, this book delves into the mysteries of the policy-making process by assessing the MacSharry, Agenda 2000, and Fischler reforms to the CAP.


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Hearing to review recent investigations and audits conducted by the USDA inspector general : hearing before the Subcommittee on Department Operations, Oversight, and Credit of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, June 2, 2011.
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Year: 2011 Publisher: Washington : U.S. G.P.O.,

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Alternatives to a state-based ACRE program : expected payments under a national, crop district, or county base
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Year: 2011 Publisher: [Washington, D.C.] : Economic Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture,

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Hearing to review the state of the farm economy : hearing before the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, February 17, 2011.
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Year: 2011 Publisher: Washington : U.S. G.P.O.,

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U.S. Department of Agriculture : more effective management and performance can help implementation of the Farm Bill : statement for the Record to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry, U.S Senate
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Year: 2011 Publisher: [Washington, D.C.] : U.S. Govt. Accountability Office,

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Hearing to review the state of the farm economy : hearing before the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, February 17, 2011.
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Year: 2011 Publisher: Washington : U.S. G.P.O.,

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Productivity and Credit Constraints : Firm-Level Evidence from Propensity Score Matching
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Year: 2011 Publisher: Brussels : CEPS Centre for European Policy Studies,

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Drawing on a unique, farm-level panel dataset with 37,409 observations and employing a matching estimator, this paper analyses how farm access to credit affects farm input allocation and farm efficiency in the Central and Eastern European transition countries. We find that farms are asymmetrically credit constrained with respect to inputs. Farm use of variable inputs and capital investment increases up to 2.3% and 29%, respectively, per €1,000 of additional credit. Our estimates also suggest that farm access to credit increases total factor productivity up to 1.9% per €1,000 of additional credit, indicating that an improvement in access to credit results in an adjustment in the relative input intensities on farms. This finding is further supported by a negative effect of better access to credit on labour, suggesting that these two are substitutes. Interestingly, farms are found not to be credit constrained with respect to land.


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Sustainable urban agriculture in Cuba
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ISBN: 0813042119 0813040434 9780813040431 9780813037578 0813037573 Year: 2011 Publisher: Gainesville, FL University Press of Florida

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Sinan Koont has spent the last several years researching urban agriculture in Cuba, including field work at many sustainable farms on the island. He tells the story of why and how Cuba was able to turn to urban food production on a large scale with minimal use of chemicals, petroleum, and machinery, and of the successes it achieved--along with the continuing difficulties it still faces in reducing its need for food imports--

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