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Syntax Des Vorfelds: Zur Systematik Und Didaktik Der Deutschen Wortstellung.

German language --- Word order. --- Syntax. --- Study and teaching --- Foreign speakers.

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"En septembre apparaissent les grosses araignées...", "Éclate le conflit...". Dans toutes ces phrases le sujet nominal apparaît à droite du verbe. C'est à ce phénomène, appelé inversion ou postposition du sujet nominal qu'est consacrée cette étude à travers laquelle l'auteure en dégage un modèle théorique.

French language --- Grammar --- Academic collection --- Word order. --- Noun phrase. --- Word order --- Noun phrase --- Français (langue) --- Syntagme nominal --- Inversion (linguistique)

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In the four Pama-Nyungan languages Umpithamu, Morrobolam, Mbarrumbathama and Rimanggudinhma there is a core set of impersonals centred around experiencer object constructions. They describe involuntary physical processes, and are formally characterized by lack of nominative pronominal cross-reference, and optional absence of ergative agent nominals. In addition, systematic lack of nominative cross-reference is found in constructions with inanimate agents in all four languages, and in experienced action constructions in Umpithamu, in both cases with ergatively-marked nominals. It is argued that nominative cross-reference is the basic criterion for subject status, with ergative marking merely indicating agent status. Given the lack of any specific valency-changing morphology, impersonals with ergatively-marked nominals are functional equivalents of a voice mechanism, with agents demoted from subject status. This process has developed furthest in Umpithamu where the experienced action construction is systematically available as an alternative construal for a subset of transitive clauses. Keywords: impersonal; experiencer object; inanimate agent; passive; Umpithamu; Lamalamic.

Comparative linguistics --- Grammar --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Subjectless constructions --- Word order --- Subjectless constructions. --- Word order. --- Impersonal constructions (Grammar) --- Subjectless constructions (Grammar) --- Language and languages --- Order (Grammar) --- Impersonal constructions --- Syntax --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Subjectless constructions --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Word order --- Grammaire comparative et générale --- Grammaire comparative et générale

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Clause Structure and Adjuncts in Austronesian Languages is a collection of papers devoted to the syntactic analysis of modification and extraction strategies in Austronesian languages such as Kavalan, Malagasy, Niuean, Seediq, and Tagalog. Written by some of the leading scholars in the field, it elucidates the categorial and phrase structural status as well as the scopal behavior of sentence-level adverbs, ordering constraints on adjectival modifiers, and the nature of unbounded dependencies in interaction with Philippine-type voice systems. Guglielmo Cinque's universal ordering hypothesis for adverbs and current work on remnant movement serve as theoretical points of reference. More particularly the book contains an analysis of lower VP-adverbs in Kavalan as serial verbs (Chang), a defense of two types of adverbial heads in Seediq (Holmer), an account of possible DP-internal serializations in Niuean in terms of remnant movement (Kahnemuyipour Massam), a plea for relative, scope-based adverb ordering in Tagalog (Kaufman), a clefting approach to unbounded dependencies in Malagasy (Potsdam), a critical assessment of constraints on remnant movement as applied to adverb orderings in Malagasy (Thiersch), and an analysis of the Malagasy voice system on the basis of clitic left-dislocation (Travis). The editors' introduction undertakes a critical survey of the relevant empirical and theoretical background. A substantial part of the empirical facts are presented here for the first time, and the book will inspire additional systematic investigation of the often neglected aspects of modificational strategies in Austronesian languages. The book will be of value to linguists interested in contemporary syntactic analysis and to everyone seeking a deeper understanding of the formal properties of Austronesian.

Austronesian languages --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Clauses --- Word order --- Syntax --- Philippines --- Languages --- Clauses. --- Word order. --- Syntax. --- Language and languages --- Malay-Polynesian languages --- Malayo-Polynesian languages --- Commonwealth of the Philippines --- Republic of the Philippines --- Philippine Islands --- Pilipinas --- Republika ng Pilipinas --- Filippiny --- RP --- Filipinas --- Pʻillipʻin --- Filippine --- Feilubin --- フィリピン --- Firipin --- Филиппины --- Feilübin --- فلبين --- Filibbīn --- 菲律宾 --- Philippinen --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Austronesian languages - Clauses --- Austronesian languages - Word order --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Syntax --- Philippines - Languages - Clauses --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax --- Austronesian languages. --- adjuncts. --- language typology.

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This monograph presents a view on grammaticalisation radically different from standard views centering around the cline of grammaticality. Grammar is seen as a complex sign system, and, as a consequence, grammatical change always comprises semantic change. What unites morphology, topology (word order), constructional syntax and other grammatical subsystems is their paradigmatic organisation. The traditional concept of an inflexional paradigm is generalised as the structuring principle of grammar. Grammatical change involves paradigmatic restructuring, and in the process of grammatical change m

Grammar, Comparative and general --- Structural linguistics. --- Grammaticalization. --- Linguistics --- Grammaticalization --- Semantics --- Syntax --- Grammar --- Structural linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Grammaticalization --- Accusative case --- Animacy --- Dative case --- Genitive case --- Paradigm --- Verb --- Word order