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Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--Ludwig-Maximilians-Universiteat, Meunchen, 1981.

-Phonology --- Romance languages --- -Neo-Latin languages --- Phonology --- Phonetics --- Phonology. --- Langues romanes --- Phonologie --- Romance languages - Phonology

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""Der vorliegende Sammelband ist aus der Sektion 'Dependenz und Valenz in romanischen Sprachen' des Deutschen Romanistentages 1989 in Aachen hervorgegangen.""

Lexicology. Semantics --- Romance languages --- Grammar --- Dependency grammar. --- Syntax. --- -Romance languages --- -Neo-Latin languages --- Italic languages and dialects --- Dependency grammar --- Syntax --- -Dependency grammar --- Neo-Latin languages --- Congresses --- Romance languages - Dependency grammar. --- Romance languages - Syntax.

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Explaining Criminal Careers presents a simple quantitative theory of crime, conviction and reconviction, the assumptions of the theory are derived directly from a detailed analysis of cohort samples drawn from the “UK Home Office” Offenders Index (OI). Mathematical models based on the theory, together with population trends, are used to make: exact quantitative predictions of features of criminal careers; aggregate crime levels; the prison population; and to explain the age-crime curve, alternative explanations are shown not to be supported by the data. Previous research is reviewed, clearly identifying the foundations of the current work. Using graphical techniques to identify mathematical regularities in the data, recidivism (risk) and frequency (rate) of conviction are analysed and modelled. These models are brought together to identify three categories of offender: high-risk / high-rate, high-risk / low-rate and low-risk / low-rate. The theory is shown to rest on just 6 basic assumptions. Within this theoretical framework the seriousness of offending, specialisation or versatility in offence types and the psychological characteristics of offenders are all explored suggesting that the most serious offenders are a random sample from the risk/rate categories but that those with custody later in their careers are predominantly high-risk/high-rate. In general offenders are shown to be versatile rather than specialist and can be categorised using psychological profiles. The policy implications are drawn out highlighting the importance of conviction in desistance from crime and the absence of any additional deterrence effect of imprisonment. The use of the theory in evaluation of interventions is demonstrated.

Crime --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Criminals --- Italian language --- Romance languages. --- Dialects --- Existential constructions. --- Locative constructions. --- Criminology. --- Social sciences --- Study and teaching --- Neo-Latin languages --- Italic languages and dialects --- Romance languages

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This volume explores the interpretation of indefinites and the constraints on their distribution by paying particular attention to key issues in the interface between syntax and semantics: the relation between the semantic properties of indefinite determiners and the denotation of indefinite DPs, their scope, and their behaviour in generic and conditional sentences. Examples come from French, other Romance languages and English. Central to the proposed analyses is a distinction between two types of entities, individualized entities and amounts. Weak indefinites are analyzed as existential generalized quantifiers over amounts and strong indefinites as either Skolem terms or generalized quantifiers over individualized entities. The up-to-date review of the literature and the new falsifiable proposals contained in this book will be of particular interest to linguistics students and scholars interested in the cross-linguistic semantics of indefinites.  .

Languages. --- Languages & Literatures --- Romance Languages --- Philology & Linguistics --- Definiteness (Linguistics) --- Linguistics. --- Language and languages. --- Foreign languages --- Languages --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Indefiniteness (Linguistics) --- Romance languages. --- Semantics. --- Romance Languages. --- Language and languages --- Anthropology --- Communication --- Ethnology --- Information theory --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philology --- Linguistics --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Determiners --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Lexicology --- Neo-Latin languages --- Italic languages and dialects --- Definiteness (Linguistics). --- Definitheit. --- Französisch. --- Indefinitpronomen. --- Nominalphrase. --- Semantik. --- Syntax.

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Ce livre consiste en une analyse comparée des localisateurs dans les constructions existentielles (CE) avec ,il y a' en français, ,hay' en espagnol et ,c'è' en italien. La première partie présente les CE du point de vue de la morphologie, la pragmatique du discours, la sémantique et la syntaxe. Il s'avère que le rôle qu'il faut attribuer au constituant locatif dans la CE ne cesse de susciter les débats. Aussi la deuxième partie offre-t-elle une analyse empirique de la fréquence et de la position de ces localisateurs, en fonction de leur statut discursif, de leurs propriétés sémantiques ainsi que de leur structure interne. Il en résulte que les trois verbes existentiels se comportent de façon similaire en ce qui concerne la présence de locatifs. En revanche, là où ,c'è' et ,hay' préfèrent la position préverbale pour leurs localisateurs, ceux-ci apparaissent systématiquement derrière ,il y a'. Il est argumenté que cet ordre préféré divergent peut s'expliquer en termes d'un degré différent de grammaticalisation. Plus particulièrement, ,il y a' semble fonctionner dans une plus large mesure comme un signe introducteur figé que ,hay' et ,c'è', qui restent des prédicats lexicaux avec une signification existentielle.

French language --- Italian language --- Spanish language --- Comparative linguistics --- Grammar --- Romance languages --- Langues romanes --- Espagnol (Langue) --- Français (Langue) --- Existential constructions. --- Locative constructions. --- Syntax. --- Grammar, Comparative. --- Syntaxe --- Grammaire comparée --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Existential constructions --- Romance languages ??- History. --- Languages & Literatures --- Romance Languages --- Romanische Sprachen. --- Existentialsatz. --- Français (Langue) --- Grammaire comparée --- Castilian language --- Langue d'oïl --- Neo-Latin languages --- Italic languages and dialects --- Existential constructions (Grammar) --- Sentences --- Verb phrase --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Romance languages - Existential constructions --- Spanish language - Existential constructions --- French language - Existential constructions --- Italian language - Existential constructions --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Existential constructions --- Existential Verbs. --- French. --- Grammaticalization. --- Italian. --- Spanish. --- Word Order.