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The United Nations declared 2012 the year of cooperatives, emphasizing that there is an alternative to privately owned firms. While greed and mismanagement have caused world financial and economic crises, co-ops offer another type of business for economic activities that is less exposed to aggressive capitalism. This book provides a problem-oriented overview of the development of cooperatives over the last fifty years. The global study addresses the major challenges cooperatives face, such as the organizational innovations introduced to acquire necessary risk-capital and implement growth-related strategies, the wave of demutualization in developed nations and their ability to construct an original consumer politics. The contributors to this volume discuss the successes and failures of the cooperatives and ask whether they are an outdated model of enterprise. They document a wave of foundations of new co-ops, new forms of collaboration between them and a growing trend toward globalization.

Cooperative societies --- Co-operative societies --- Co-ops (Cooperative societies) --- Cooperative associations --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative stores --- Cooperatives --- Coops (Cooperative societies) --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Stores, Cooperative --- Corporations --- Societies --- History --- E-books --- History. --- Arts and Humanities

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Cooperation. --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Capital, Social (Economics) --- Economic infrastructure --- Social capital (Economics) --- Social infrastructure --- Social overhead capital --- Economic development --- Human settlements --- Public goods --- Public works --- Capital --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Social aspects.

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Faced with the ever-accelerating pace of technological change and the restructuring of markets, many firms have been questioning the appropriateness of their own organizational structure and effectiveness. Consequently, we have witnessed much organizational experimentation and the development of new forms of organizing over the last decade.  Firms are more dependent than ever on the need for continuous and radical innovations – and often innovations that go beyond their existing businesses. This challenges firms in terms of knowledge and idea sharing, and often necessitates the need to expand beyond the boundaries of the single firm for multi-party collaboration to meet serious challenges and develop creative solutions.   Drawing from the Fourth International Workshop on Organization Design, and featuring contributions from an international array of specialists, this volume focuses on the expansion beyond the boundaries of the single firm and multi-firm networks, to include, for example, community-based organization designs. A community is a connected set of firms; the connections can take on many different dimensions. For organization design theory, community-based organizations have many implications. For one, organization design theory has to identify and describe designs that enhance collaborative behavior among firms without restricting the ability of the individual firm to continue to compete within its own marketplace. Moreover, organization design theory also has to identify and describe information processing strategies and designs that allow the continuous generation, sharing, and application of existing information and knowledge.    The development of effective collaborative community designs is critically important to the global economy because, increasingly, our future depends on pursuing shared goals and sustainably developing our global commons. Ideally, the ideas and findings in this book will contribute to increased attention to new organization designs capable of meeting 21st-century opportunities and challenges.

Business enterprises. --- Cooperation. --- Joint ventures. --- Organizational sociology. --- Organizational sociology --- Business enterprises --- Joint ventures --- Cooperation --- Management --- Sociology & Social History --- Business & Economics --- Social Sciences --- Management Styles & Communication --- Social Change --- Management Theory --- Industrial Management --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Organization (Sociology) --- Organization theory --- Sociology of organizations --- Industrial organization. --- Economics. --- Industrial Organization. --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Sociology --- Bureaucracy --- Industries --- Organization --- Industrial concentration --- Industrial management --- Industrial sociology

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Evolution (Biology) --- Cooperation. --- Competition. --- Competition --- Competition (Economics) --- Competitiveness (Economics) --- Economic competition --- Commerce --- Conglomerate corporations --- Covenants not to compete --- Industrial concentration --- Monopolies --- Open price system --- Supply and demand --- Trusts, Industrial --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biology --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Economic aspects

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Discusses why people tend to avoid social engagement with those unlike themselves, why increased cooperation is necessary to make society prosper, and the skills necessary for strengthening cooperation.

Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Sociology of culture --- Cooperation. --- Cooperativeness --- Cooperativeness. --- Social acceptance. --- Social adjustment. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Psychological aspects. --- Social aspects. --- 316.45 --- 316.32 --- Cooperation (Ethics) --- Cooperation (Psychology) --- Social psychology --- Adaptation, Social --- Adjustment, Social --- Social adaptation --- Deviant behavior --- Social skills --- Acceptance, Social --- Approval, Social --- Social approval --- Social adjustment --- Social interaction --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Sociale groepen. Groepsprocessen. Kleine groepen. Interactionele groepsdynamiek --- Globale samenlevingsvormen --- 316.32 Globale samenlevingsvormen --- 316.45 Sociale groepen. Groepsprocessen. Kleine groepen. Interactionele groepsdynamiek --- Collaborative economy --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Cooperation --- Social acceptance --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Psychological aspects --- Social aspects --- E-books