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Root systems --- Roots --- volatile compounds --- Rhizobacteria --- Bacillus --- plant growth substances --- genetic parameters --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- Root pruning --- Length

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The fourth edition of this bestselling text will again provide the latest coverage of the biochemistry and physiology of vitamins and vitamin-like substances. Extensively revised and expanded on the basis of recent research findings with enlarged coverage of health effects of vitamin-like factors, it is ideally suited for students and an important reference for anyone interested in nutrition, food science, animal science or endocrinology. It contains a cohesive and well-organized presentation of each of the vitamins, as well as the history of their discoveries and current information about the

Nutrition. --- Vitamins. --- Vitamins in human nutrition. --- Vitamins --- Nutrition --- Micronutrients --- Physiological Phenomena --- Food --- Growth Substances --- Phenomena and Processes --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Food and Beverages --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Alimentation --- Health --- Physiology --- Diet --- Dietetics --- Digestion --- Food habits --- Malnutrition --- Avitaminosis --- Health aspects

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Blood vessels of tumors display many structural and functional abnormalities. Their unusual leakiness, potential for rapid growth and remodelling, and expression of distinctive surface molecules mediate the dissemination of tumor cells in the bloodstream and maintain the tumor microenvironment. Like normal blood vessels, they consist of endothelial cells, mural cells and their enveloping basement membrane. Common features, irrespective of their origin, size and growth pattern, are absent hierarchy, formation of large-caliber sinusoidal vessels, markedly heterogeneous density, increased permeability, decreased and abnormal pericyte-endothelial cell adhesion, irregular basement membrane structure, and the incorporation of bone-marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells in the microvasculature. A number of specific tumor endothelial markers have been identified, as well as chromosomal abnormalities. These markers may be used to deliver drugs specifically and selectively to the tumor microvasculature.

Cytology. --- Medicine. --- Oncology. --- Tumors -- Blood-vessels. --- Tumors --- Angiogenesis Modulating Agents --- Antineoplastic Agents --- Diseases --- Growth Inhibitors --- Blood Circulation --- Metaplasia --- Therapeutic Uses --- Growth Substances --- Pathologic Processes --- Cardiovascular Physiological Processes --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Phenomena and Processes --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Neoplasms --- Microcirculation --- Angiogenesis Inhibitors --- Neovascularization, Pathologic --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Blood-vessels --- Microcirculation. --- Tumors. --- Tumours --- Cancer research. --- Cell biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Cell Biology. --- Pathology --- Cysts (Pathology) --- Blood --- Circulation --- Oncology  . --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Cancer research

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To profoundly understand biology and harness its intricacies for human benefit and the mitigation of human harm requires cross-disciplinary approaches that incorporate sophisticated computational and mathematical modeling techniques. These integrative strategies are essential to achieve rapid and significant progress in issues, in health and disease, which span molecular, cellular and tissue levels. The use of mathematical models to describe various aspects of tumor growth has a very long history, dating back over six decades.  Recently, however, experimental and computational advances have improved our understanding of how processes act at multiple scales to mediate the development of tumor vasculature and drive the advancement of cancer. This book will showcase the development and utilization of new computational and mathematical approaches to address multiscale challenges associated with tumor vascular development.

Tumors. --- Tumors -- Blood-vessels. --- Tumors --- Diseases --- Neoplastic Processes --- Metaplasia --- Angiogenic Proteins --- Angiogenesis Modulating Agents --- Growth Inhibitors --- Antineoplastic Agents --- Models, Theoretical --- Investigative Techniques --- Pathologic Processes --- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins --- Therapeutic Uses --- Growth Substances --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Biological Factors --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Peptides --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Proteins --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors --- Angiogenesis Inhibitors --- Neoplasms --- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic --- Neovascularization, Pathologic --- Models, Biological --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Blood-vessels --- Cancer cells. --- Blood-vessels. --- Cancer --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Pharmacology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Cells --- Pathology, Cellular

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The discovery of vitamins in the early 1900s, their later chemical characterization and the clarification of pivotal metabolic functions are sequential aspects of a brilliant chapter in the history of modern nutritional sciences and medicine. The name, derived from “vital-amines”, indicates their elementary metabolic key functions in human metabolism. Vitamins are truly families of compounds, which include precursors and various free and bound forms, all with individual roles in metabolism and function. A more recent approach therefore searches for the components, the understanding of their roles in physiology and pathology as well as looking for novel pharmacological applications. When used properly, vitamins are, indeed, “magical” substances. Due to their efficacy, they should therefore be regarded as drugs with effects and side effects to be weighted against each other. Today, it is not the previously fatal deficiency-associated diseases that are in the focus of interest, but rather the relation of suboptimal vitamin bioavailability to chronic disease. This is complicated by genetic susceptibility, lifestyle, and the presence or absence of health-compromising habits, such as smoking. In turn, the development and application of new and more sensitive and specific assays further enable us to look more closely into the many functions of vitamins. Water soluble vitamins are complex molecular structures and even today, many areas in vitamin biochemistry are not yet fully understood. Novel effects and functions of vitamins remain and continue to be discovered. This book presents most recent research results and fascinating new knowledge on the role and effects of the water soluble vitamins in man. Some of the most distinguished chemists, biochemists, biologists and clinicians have contributed valuable chapters sharing unexpected novel insights into the biochemistry, (epi)genetics, metabolism, and function of water soluble vitamins, with their potential for clinical applications. Thus, physicians, clinicians, scientists, researchers, epidemiologists. nutritional specialists and health professionals alike will find stimulating and fascinating new insight in the many roles that water soluble vitamins play in human health and disease.

Vitamins -- metabolism. --- Vitamins -- pharmacology. --- Vitamins, Water-soluble. --- Wasserlo ̈sliches Vitamin. --- Vitamins, Water-soluble --- Micronutrients --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Phenomena and Processes --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Food --- Growth Substances --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Food and Beverages --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Metabolism --- Vitamins --- Pharmacology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Vitamins. --- Water-soluble vitamins --- Medicine. --- Human physiology. --- Medical biochemistry. --- Oxidative stress. --- Biomedicine. --- Biomedicine general. --- Medical Biochemistry. --- Oxidative Stress. --- Human Physiology. --- Nutrition --- Avitaminosis --- Biochemistry. --- Cytology. --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Physiology --- Human body --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Composition --- Biomedicine, general. --- Health Workforce --- Oxidation-reduction reaction --- Stress (Physiology) --- Medical biochemistry --- Pathobiochemistry --- Pathological biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Medicine --- Clinical biochemistry. --- Stress (Physiology). --- Biomedical Research. --- Cellular Stress. --- Research. --- Physiological stress --- Tension (Physiology) --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Biological research --- Biomedical research